Mandibular premolar comparative in 3 studies

Comparative mandibular permolar morphology in 3 countries India and South africa and saudia

1. Salma A laqab Mandibular premolars Dr . Basheer Hamed Hamood AL_shamieri Internal anatomy of

2. Study mandibular premolars 1 India 2 South africa 3 Saudia

3. premolars are considered as an enigma to endodontic, it is the need of the hour to understand the possible morphological variations of the root canal system to be able to successfully negotiate thereby reducing the failure rates of root canal treatments

4. Comparative study about mandibuler permolar

5. First permolar Saudia South Africa India First premolar In vitro – extracted teeth In vivo – cone beam tomography Vitro – extracted teeth Type of study Saudia endodontic - -2017 journal Journal of oral science -2022 Dental journal -2015 Journal name – date 100 722 - 386 second premolar ) 386 first premolar ) 300 No. specimen 1 root = 80% 2 root= 18% 3 root= 2% 1 root =97.9% 2r oot = 1.8% 3 roots = 0.25 % One root * Ribbon shape = 35% Oval = 31% Long oval =22% Round =12% No. root type I= 69% Type V= 16% Type III= 8% Type IV= 4% Other = 2% Type I =49.5% Type V = 27.2% Type IV = 14.3% typeI = 84% Type II III IV = 1.5 % ,1.8% 1.1% Type V = 10.3 % Type of canal 1 apical foramen = 73% 2 foramen= 19% 3 foramen = 2% One foramen =78.9% C shape =11.1% Central = 17.3% Lateral = 82.7% No. apical foramen 6% 21% Present od delta 38% Internal cummunication = 16^ C shape 11.1% Position – cervical = 4.7% Middle =16.5% Apical =78.7% Accessory canal 2017 Saudi Endodontic Journal | Published by Wolters Kluwer ‑  Medknow J-STAGE Advance Publication: September 12, 2022 DJAS 3(III), 140-147, 2015 * JRD-Journal of Research in Dentistry, Tubarão , v. 3, n. reference

6. Mandibular second premolar Saudi South Africa India Second premolar Invivo – cone beam computer tomography In vivo – cone beam tomography In vitro – extracted teeth Type of study The open dentistry journal -2021 Journal of oral science -2022 , Journal of research in dentistry -2015 Journal – date 379 386 100 No. specimen * Male 1 root = 86.19 % 2 roots =13.8 % Famale 1 root = 90.96 % 2 roots=9.03 % One root = 96.3 % 2 roots = 2.3 % 3 root = 1.3 % C shape = 4.9% With type I II III V One root Ribbon shape =44% Oval =23% Round = 17% Long oval =16% No. root Type I =96.8% Type v= 0.8% Type III = 1.6% other = 0.8 % Type I =84.4% Type V= 2.4% * Type III= 6.2% Type I = 89% Type V= 7% Other = 4% Type of canal C shape = 4.9 % with type III,V No. apical foramen Present = 15% Absent = 85% Present of delta Present = 6% Absent = 94% Coronal = 2% Middle = 3% Apical =7% Communication lateral =6% Accessory canal Open dentistry journal .com J-STAGE Advance Publication: September 12, 2022 . JRD-Journal of Research in Dentistry, Tubarão , v. 3, n. 4, sep / oct. 2015 reference * 1272 P J M H S Vol. 14, NO. 4, OCT – DEC 2020

7. The results of the present study indicate that majority of the first and second mandibular premolars have one root with one canal.

8. REFERENCES J-STAGE Advance Publication: September 12, 2022 Journal of Oral Science SADJ April 2020, Vol. 75 No. 3 p126 - p129 Dental JOURNAL Dental JOURNAL of A d v a n c e S t u d i e s DJAS 3(III), 140-147, 2015 All rights are reserved JRDC Journal of Research in Dentistry, Tubarão , v.3,n.4,sep/oct.2015 The Open Dentistry Journal, 2022, Volume 16 2017 Saudi Endodontic Journal | Published by Wolters Kluwer ‑  Medknow Saudi Journal of Oral and Dental Research 1272 P J M H S Vol. 14, NO. 4, OCT – DEC 2020

9. Thank you .