Manthan Tari 2205057 Data COMMUNICATION - 2.pptx

data communication

1. ETHERNET AND OTHER LAN NETWORK STANDARDS - ETHERNET/IEEE 802.3 TOKEN RING/IEEE 802.5 FDDI TIMED TOKEN ACCESS SONET NAME:MANTHAN TARI ROLL NO:2205057

2. In the ever-evolving landscape of networking technologies, understanding the fundamental LAN standards is crucial. We will embark on a journey to explore four key LAN standards: Ethernet (IEEE 802.3), Token Ring (IEEE 802.5), FDDI (Fiber Distributed Data Interface), and SONET (Synchronous Optical Networking). INTRODUCTION

3. Ethernet (IEEE 802.3) Developed in the 1970s by Xerox Corporation. Widely adopted LAN technology. Utilizes CSMA/CD (Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection) for medium access control. Speeds ranging from 10 Mbps to 400 Gbps (as per the latest standards). Flexible, scalable, and cost-effective solution. Commonly deployed in local area networks (LANs), data centers, and metropolitan area networks (MANs).

4. Token Ring (IEEE 802.5) Introduced by IBM in the 1980s. Utilizes a token-passing protocol for medium access control. Each station must possess a 'token' to transmit data. Typically operates at speeds of 4 Mbps and 16 Mbps. Provides deterministic access to the network, ensuring fair bandwidth allocation. Less susceptible to collisions compared to Ethernet.

5. FDDI (Fiber Distributed Data Interface) Developed in the 1980s as a high-speed alternative to Ethernet. Utilizes a dual ring topology for redundancy and fault tolerance. Data transmission over fiber optic cables. Speeds typically up to 100 Mbps. Provides high reliability and fault tolerance. Widely used in backbone networks and connecting LANs over long distances.

6. SONET (Synchronous Optical Networking) Standardized in the 1980s by ANSI. Designed for high-speed, long-distance telecommunications over optical fiber. Operates at speeds ranging from 51.84 Mbps to 40 Gbps and beyond. Employs synchronous timing and framing for efficient data transmission. Provides high reliability, scalability, and fault tolerance. Widely used in telecommunications networks for long-haul transmission and backbone infrastructure.

7. Comparison of LAN Network Standards Medium: Ethernet: Uses twisted pair or fiber optic cables. Token Ring and FDDI: Primarily use fiber optic cables. SONET: Exclusively uses optical fiber. Topology: Ethernet: Supports various topologies, including star, bus, and ring. Token Ring and FDDI: Use a ring topology. SONET: Can be configured in ring or point-to-point configurations. Speed: Ethernet: Speeds range from 10 Mbps to 400 Gbps. Token Ring: Typically operates at 4 or 16 Mbps. FDDI: Supports speeds up to 100 Mbps. SONET: Speeds range from 51.84 Mbps to 40 Gbps+.

8. Reliability: FDDI and SONET: Offer high reliability and fault tolerance due to redundant architectures. Ethernet and Token Ring: Less fault-tolerant. Applications : Ethernet: Widely used in LANs, data centers, and MANs. Token Ring and FDDI: Less common but used in specialized applications. SONET: Prevalent in long-haul telecommunications networks.

9. LAN Network Standards play a crucial role in shaping modern communication infrastructures. Each standard, including Ethernet, Token Ring, FDDI, and SONET, offers unique features and advantages tailored to various applications and requirements. Ethernet remains the most widely used LAN technology, providing flexibility, scalability, and cost-effectiveness. Token Ring and FDDI, although less common, offer deterministic access and high reliability, particularly in specialized applications. SONET stands out for its high-speed, long-distance telecommunications capabilities, making it essential for backbone infrastructure. Understanding the characteristics and capabilities of each standard is vital for designing efficient and reliable network infrastructures. Whether it's for local area networks, data centers, or long-haul telecommunications networks, choosing the right LAN standard is key to achieving optimal performance and reliability. CONCLUSION

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