MARCOS-ADMINISTRATION.HERMOSAJELBERT-P-SSED-REPORT.pptx

HISTORY REPORT

1. aDMINISTRATION OF PRESIDENT FERDINAND E. MARCOS PREPARED BY: JELBERT P. HERMOSA .

2. He was first elected into office in November 1965 declaring that the Philippines can be great again. Marcos presented the image of a populist reformer, and there was hope that he would bring an end to the old ways of corruption and business-as-usual. Observers noted that Marcos initially attempted to mimic the image of the American President John Kennedy, thus engendering the title Camelot-on-the Pasig for his administration, a reference to the Kennedy Presidency, which had been referred to as Camelot-on-the-Potomac. PRESIDENT FERDINAND E. MARCOS

3. CONDITIONs OF THE PHILIPPINES His achievements during his first term of office: Stabilization of government finance through more effective collection of taxes, improving new tax laws, and getting loans from foreign banks and governments; Greater production of rice by promoting the cultivation of miracle rice and other fast-growing seeds, the construction of irrigation system , and giving financial and technical assistance to the farmers ; Building more roads and bridges , schoolhouses , and other public works ; and Intensive drive against smuggling , crime syndicates , and the communist National Peoples Army (NPA)

4. There was a decrease of freedom and democracy during the second term of Ferdinand Marcos. Because of the developments (economically, industrially, and infrastructures) Marcos accomplished, there was a massive increase in tourism rates. The Marcoses established good relations with world leaders, therefore bringing the Philippines’ image to higher grounds. Foreign relations brought foreign investments in and made the economy boom. During this time, the ratio of the peso to a dollar is 1:1. However, the economy took a downturn during his second term and the prices of the market increased. Corruption allegations against the government and people’s oppositions to the laws and “dictatorship” of Marcos brought about uprisings and reformation movements to oust the president (PP1)

5. There was an increase in job opportunities but it declined eventually. In relation to this, huge economic accelerations from OFW remittances were occurring. But declined after the Aquino’s killing controversy. The inflation rate was high and critics claim it was because of overspending the 1969 budget. The country confronted with the following problems: The prevalence of dirty politics Widespread graft and corruption in the government Widening gap between the rich and the poor The rising tide communism, subversion, and crime

6. The specific areas of the New Society envisioned by Pres. Marcos for reform: Peace and Order Land Reforms Educational Reforms Labor Reforms Government Reorganization Economic Reforms Social Services

7. Martial law – to restore peace and order Criminals were either captured and detained or killed Marcos place Martial law on September 21, 1972, by virtue of Proclamation No. 1081. (KBL) Kilusang Bagong Lipunan Peace and Order

8. Peace and Order Press freedom Academic freedom Respect for human rights Resp ect for Justice and Accoun tability of public officials and the military to the Filipino people.

9. LAND REFORMS Exploitation of the poor and landless peasants by their landlords. Presidential Decree No. 2 - proclaiming the “whole country as a reform area”. Presidential Decree No. 27 – abolishes tenancy. By the end of martial law in 1981, 532, 153 tenant-farmers had become owners of rice and corn lands in 45 provinces.

10. EDUCATIONAL REFORMS Marcos believed that education was a very important role towards the goal of the “New Society”. President Marcos vowed that his administration “shall educate our children, our men and women, and ourselves.” Education Development Decree of 1972 – defines a more responsive role for the education system

11. LABOR REFORMS First Labor Day Presidential Decree No. 21 – fast and just settlements of disputes through the National Labor Relations Commission. Presidential Decree 99 – minimum wages for household helpers. Presidential Decree No. 143 – “Blue Sunday Law” mandatory rest for every worker once a week Presidential Decree No. 148 – eliminates anti-employment provisions of the Woman and Child Labor Law. Presidential Decree No. 197 – More effective apprenticeship program.

12. Government reoranization ECONIMIC REFORMS Presidential Decree No. 1 – “Integrated Reorganization Plan dismiss corrupt officials) (a total of 6, 655 employees were dismissed). Presidential Decree No. 3 – appropriating funds for public works involving rehabilitation and capital development.

13. SOCIAL SERVICES The Marcos Administration extended social services available to the people, focusing on the people affected by poverty Aim – to make the people self-reliant and productive: Health and Nutrition Family Planning Housing and Human Settlements

14. PRIMARY PROBLEMS Unemployment Destabilized Economy Rampant Corruption in the Government and abuse of authority and power. Increased crime rates (before martial law) due to poverty.

15. ISSUES AND CONTROVERSIES Marcos Ill-gotten wealth Declaration of Martial Law Assassination of Benigno Aquino

16. In order to settle conflict with the Catholic Church before the visit of Pope John Paul II, Marcos officially lifted martial law on January 17, 1981. Corruption Nepotism Civil unrest Assassination of Ninoy Aquino on August 21, 1983 led to protest rallies and clamor to restore democracy in the country. Corazon Aquino and Salvador Laure – head of the United Nationalists Democratic Organization(UNIDO). Sen. Richard G. Lugar

17. Gen. Fidel Ramos Defense Minister Juan Ponce Enrile February 7, 1986 – both Marcos and Aquino declared themselves a winner. People Power Revolution headed by: Enrile Ramos February 25, 1986

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