Martin Luther King He dedicated his life to fight for equality and justice for all Americans of all colors. He wanted to bring about a social change in a peaceful way .
Martin Luther King was born in January 15th, 1929 in Atlanta, Georgia.
He was a civil rights activist in the 1950s and 1960s.
Where did Martin grow up? Martin Luther King, Jr. was born in Atlanta, GA on January 15, 1929 . He went to Booker T. Washington High School. He was so smart that he started college at fifteen. He studied sociology and theology at Boston University. Martin's dad was a preacher which inspired Martin. He had a younger brother and an older sister.
This is Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.'s birth home in Atlanta, Georgia. Segregation was law and custom in the South and other parts of America .
Before 1955 , segregation between the races was common in the south. This meant that public areas such as schools, restrooms, water fountains, and restaurants had separate areas for black people and white people. This was also true of public transportation such as buses and trains. There were areas where black people could sit and other areas where white people could sit.
Restrooms
COKE VENDING MACHINE
On December 1st, 1955 Rosa Parks was taking the bus home from work in Montgomery, Alabama . She was already sitting down and was in the row closest to the front for black people. When the bus began to fill up, the driver told the people in Rosa's row to move back in order to make room for a white passenger.
Rosa was tired of being treated like a second class person. She refused to move . Rosa was then arrested and fined $10.
Rosa's arrest raised a protest against segregation . Civil rights leaders got together to organize a day to boycott the buses.
The boycott was planned at a meeting in Martin Luther King, Jr.'s church . They formed a group called the Montgomery Improvement Association with Martin Luther King, Jr. as the leader .
The boycott meant that for one day black people would not ride the buses as a protest against discrimination.
They handed out pamphlets so people would know what to do and on December 5th around 90% of black people in Montgomery did not ride the buses.
The Montgomery Bus Boycott Some white people were not happy with the boycott. Martin Luther King Jr. was arrested and spent two weeks in jail. Some of the white people became violent. They bombed Martin Luther King Jr.'s home and some black churches. Sometimes the boycotters were attacked when they were walking . King´s protests always were non-violent. In a speech to some angry protesters he said " We must love our white brothers, no matter what they do to us."
Results After the Montgomery Bus Boycott in 1956, black people were now allowed to sit wherever they wanted to on the bus. In addition, the boycott created a new leader for the civil rights movement who was Martin Luther King, Jr.
When did King give his famous "I Have a Dream" speech? In 1963, Martin Luther King, Jr. helped to organize the famous "March on Washington".
Over 250,000 people attended this march to show the importance of civil rights legislation
People marched: to end segregation in public schools to get protection from police abuse to end discrimination
It was at this march where Martin gave his "I Have a Dream" speech . This speech has become one of the most famous speeches in history. Here are some of his quotes: “If you can’t fly then run, if you can’t run then walk, if you can’t walk then crawl, but whatever you do keep moving forward.” “Only in the darkness can you see the stars.”
“A lie cannot live.” “Love is the only force capable of transforming an enemy into a friend.”
“I have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin, but by the content of their character.”
What was the result of the March on Washington ? The March on Washington was a great success. The Civil Rights Act was passed a year later in 1964. “Free at last, Free at last, thank God almighty we are free at last.”
Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. received the Nobel Prize for Peace in Oslo on December 10, 1964.
King was assassinated by James Earl Ray on April 4, 1968 on the balcony of the Lorraine Motel. Americans honor the civil rights activist on the third Monday of January each year, Martin Luther King, Jr. Day.
“I have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin, but by the content of their character.” Martin Luther King died but his dream became true!