MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET�or SAFETY DATA SHEET

MSDS is a document that contains information on the potential health effects of exposure to chemicals, or other potentially dangerous substances, and on safe working procedures when handling chemical products

1. MSDS-MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET or SAFETY DATA SHEET

2. A  Material Safety Data Sheet  ( MSDS ) is a document that contains information on the potential health effects of exposure to chemicals, or other potentially dangerous substances, and on  safe  working procedures when handling chemical products.

3. History The earliest written material has been found in the tombs of the Egyptians, either on the walls of their tombs or on papyrus records. These date back over 4,000 years and include the prescriptions of Imhotep , the first great Egyptian physician.

4. Material Safety Data Sheets Include specific chemical identity and common names Must provide information about: Physical and chemical characteristics Health effects Exposure limits Carcinogenicity (cancer-causing) Identification (name, address, and telephone number) of the organization responsible for preparing the sheet Must be readily accessible to employees in their work area

5. Who prepares and provides MSDSs? Manufacturers and importers of dangerous goods  and hazardous substances must: prepare an MSDS for each of their products provide the current MSDS to employers or occupiers of premises where the product is used or stored review and revise each MSDS as often as necessary and at least every 5 years to make sure that the information is accurate and up to date

6. Risk phrases - examples R1: Explosive when dry R2: Risk of explosion by shock, friction, fire or other sources of ignition R3: Extreme risk of explosion by shock, friction, fire or other sources of ignition R4: Forms very sensitive explosive metallic compounds R5: Heating may cause an explosion R6: Explosive with or without contact with air R7: May cause fire R8: Contact with combustible material may cause fire R9: Explosive when mixed with combustible material R10: Flammable R11: Highly flammable R12: Extremely flammable R14: Reacts violently with water R15: Contact with water liberates extremely flammable gases R20: Harmful by inhalation R21: Harmful in contact with skin R22: Harmful if swallowed R23: Toxic by inhalation R24: Toxic in contact with skin R25: Toxic if swallowed R26: Very toxic by inhalation R27: Very toxic in contact with skin R28: Very toxic if swallowed R29: Contact with water liberates toxic gas. R30: Can become highly flammable in use R31: Contact with acids liberates toxic gas R32: Contact with acids liberates very toxic gas Up to: - R66: Repeated exposure may cause skin dryness or cracking R67: Vapours may cause drowsiness and dizziness R68: Possible risk of irreversible effects

7. Types of hazards When you read an MSDS, you should keep in mind that there are three main types of hazards which can be related to the use of a chemical product: - Health Hazards . For example, skin contact with strong acids will cause burns. - Fire Hazards . For example, propane burns very easily and may explode. - Reactivity Hazards. For example, mixing ammonia and household bleach will result in the release of a harmful gas. In addition, international format MSDSs include information on environmental hazards (hazards to the natural environment).

8. Pictograms HEALTH HAZARD FLAME EXCLAMATION MARK GAS CYLINDER CORROSION EXPLODING BOMB FLAME OVER CIRCLE ENVIRONMENT SKULL & CROSSBONES

9. Oxidizer An  oxidizer  is a type of chemical which a fuel requires to burn. Most types of burning on Earth use oxygen, which is prevalent in the atmosphere. However in space there is no atmosphere to provide oxygen or other  oxidizers   so rockets need to carry up their own  oxidizers .

10. Flame Flammables Pyrophorics - ignite around 55 Degrees(uranium ,iron sulphide ) Self-Heating Emits Flammable Gas Self- Reactives 11

11. Exploding Bomb Explosives Self-Reactives Organic Peroxides 12

12. Skull and Crossbones Acute Toxicity (fatal or toxic) 13

13. Corrosion Skin Corrosion/Burns Eye Damage Corrosive to Metals 14

14. Gas Cylinder Gases Under Pressure 15

15. Health Hazard Carcinogen Mutagenicity Reproductive Toxicity Respiratory Sensitizer Target Organ Toxicity Aspiration Toxicity 16

16. Environment Aquatic Toxicity 17

17. Exclamation Mark Irritant (skin and eye) Skin Sensitizer Acute Toxicity Narcotic Effects Respiratory Tract Irritant Hazardous to Ozone Layer (Non-Mandatory) 18

18. First aid Measures EYE Contact: Check for and remove any contact lenses. Immediately flush eyes with plenty of water for 15 mins . Get medical attention immediately.

19. Skin Contact Immediately flush skin with plenty of water for at least 15 mins while removing contaminated clothing and shoes. Cover the irritated skin with emollient . Get medical attention immediately.

20. Inhalation Remove to fresh air. If not breathing give artificial breathing Warning –it may be hazardous to person providing the aide. If breathing is difficult ,give oxygen. Get medical attention immediately.

21. Ingestion If swallowed ,don’t induce vomiting unless directed by the medical professional. Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. Loosen tight clothing such as collar, tie belt or waistband. Get medical attention immediately.

22. Need of MSDS and how to prepare. In 1993, the  American National Standard for Hazardous Industrial Chemicals – Material Safety Data Sheets – Preparation,  ANSI Z400.1 was developed to address the need for a MSDS format that was comprehensive, understandable and consistent. ANSI Z400.1-1993 introduced the standardized 16-section MSDS . Revisions were made to the Standard in 1998 and 2005. The 2005 revisions improve readability, minimize redundancies and reorder the MSDS sections

23. SECTION 1 CHEMICAL PRODUCT AND COMPANY IDENTIFICATION SECTION 2 COMPOSITION/INFORMATION ON INGREDIENTS SECTION 3 HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION Potential Health Effects: SECTION 4 FIRST AID MEASURES SECTION 5 FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES SECTION 6 ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES SECTION 7 HANDLING AND STORAGE SECTION 8 EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION

24. SECTION 9 PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES SECTION 10 STABILITY AND REACTIVITY SECTION 11 TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION SECTION 12 ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION   SECTION 13 DISPOSAL CONSIDERATIONS SECTION 14 TRANSPORT INFORMATION : SECTION 15 REGULATORY INFORMATION: SECTION 16 OTHER INFORMATION

25. Chloroform Appearance: clear, colorless liquid. May cause central nervous system depression. May cause cardiac disturbances. May cause cancer based on animal studies. This substance has caused adverse reproductive and fetal effects in animals. May be harmful if swallowed.   Caution!  Causes eye and skin irritation. Causes digestive and respiratory tract irritation. Light sensitive.  Target Organs:  Blood, kidneys, heart, central nervous system, liver, cardiovascular system, excretory system, reproductive system. 

26. Spills/Leaks:  Absorb spill with inert material (e.g. vermiculite, sand or earth), then place in suitable container. Avoid runoff into storm sewers and ditches which lead to waterways. Provide ventilation. Approach spill from upwind. Handling:  Wash thoroughly after handling. Remove contaminated clothing and wash before reuse. Use only in a well-ventilated area. Avoid contact with eyes, skin, and clothing. Do not breathe dust, vapor, mist, or gas. Do not ingest or inhale. Store protected from light.  Storage:  Do not store in direct sunlight. Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from incompatible substances. Do not store near alkaline substances. Separate from strong mineral acids. Exposure Controls, Personal Protection  Facilities storing or utilizing this material should be equipped with an eyewash facility and a safety shower. Use adequate general or local exhaust ventilation to keep airborne concentrations below the permissible exposure limits. 

27. ETHIDIUM BROMIDE EMERGENCY OVERVIEW Appearance: dark purple crystalline powder. Danger!  Harmful in contact with skin and if swallowed. May be fatal if inhaled. Causes eye, skin, and respiratory tract irritation. Possible risks of irreversible effects.  Target Organs:  Respiratory system, eyes, skin. 

28. Accidental Release Measures Spills/Leaks:  Vacuum or sweep up material and place into a suitable disposal container. Wear a self contained breathing apparatus and appropriate personal protection. Avoid generating dusty conditions. Provide ventilation. Evacuate unnecessary personnel. Do not let this chemical enter the environment. Handling:  Minimize dust generation and accumulation. Do not get in eyes, on skin, or on clothing. Do not ingest or inhale. Use only in a chemical fume hood.  Storage:  Store in a cool, dry place. Store in a tightly closed container.

29. FOR FURTHER READING References : https://www.osha.gov/ http://www.msdswriter.com/learn_writer.cfm https://fscimage.fishersci.com/msds/60703.htm EU STANDARDS http://echa.europa.eu/regulations/reach/safety-data-sheets;jsessionid=27759187C60ABF966CB4CF617CD78834.live2 NIOSH (the U.S. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health) and the Canadian Centre for Occupational Health and Safety (CCOHS). http://ccinfoweb.ccohs.ca/help/msds/msdsINTGUIDE.html 4,679 workers died on the job in 2014(US DATA) "No one should have to sacrifice their life for their livelihood, because a nation built on the dignity of work must provide safe working conditions for its people."  Secretary of Labor Thomas E. Perez