matter and energy_kat lopez.pptx........

matter

1. MATTER AND ENERGY

2. Composition of matter Matter is everything around you . MATTER IS ANYTHING THAT HAS MASS AND TAKES UP SPACE . Matter is made up of one or more substances which consist of tiny particles, called atoms.

3. States of matter All things are made of matter: our bodies, a notebook, a pen, a flower, the air, the water, etc .

4. solid SOLIDS HAVE WEIGHT AND TAKE UP SPACE.

5. LIQUID LIQUIDS HAVE WEIGHT AND TAKE UP SPACE.

6. GAS GASES HAVE WEIGHT AND TAKE UP SPACE.

7. TYPES OF MATTER There are two types of matter: PURE SUBSTANCES . They contain only one type of component. They cannot be separated into other substances.

8. TYPES OF MATTER MIXTURES . The mix of two or more pure substances.

9. Types of mixtures HETEROGENEOUS MIXTURES. The different components can be distinguished. HOMOGENEOUS MIXTURES. The different components cannot be distinguished.

10. Separation of mixtures Depending on the type of mixture, different methods of separation can be used. FILTRATION EVAPORATION DISTILLATION DECANTATION

11. FILTRATION This is a more common method of separating an insoluble solid from a liquid in a heterogeneous mixtures. Or solids with different sizes. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tUabxsvfuPk

12. EVAPORATION Evaporation is used to separate solids from liquids in homogeneous mixtures.

13. DISTILLATION Distillation uses boiling to separate liquid solutions in homogeneous mixtures.

14. DECANTATION Decantation is used to separate substances of different density in heterogeneous mixtures.

15. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tuE1LePDZ4Y

16. Physical changes Matter exists in three different states: solid, liquid and gaseous . HEATING or COOLING can cause changes of state. SOLIDIFICATION REVERSE SUBLIMATION VAPORIZATION HEATING COOLING

17. CHANGES OF STATE HEATING MATTER MELTING : when a solid substance turns into a liquid . VAPORIZATION: when a liquid substance turns into a gas. EVAPORATION: liquid does not boil. BOILING: liquid reaches a certain temperature. SUBLIMATION: when a solid substance turns into a gas .

18. CHANGES OF STATE COOLING MATTER CONDENSATION : when a gas turns into a liquid . SOLIDIFICATION : when a liquid turns into a solid . REVERSE SUBLIMATION : when a gas turns into a solid .

19. Melting and boiling points

20. Melting and boiling points MELTING POINT is the temperature at which something becomes a liquid . BOILING POINT is the temperature at which something becomes a gas . Water has a melting point of 0ºC. This means that at 0ºC, water changes from a solid to a liquid . Water has a boiling point of 100ºC. This means that at 100ºC, water changes from a liquid to a gas .

21. Chemical reactions Chemical changes happen when the original matter transforms into other new substances. TYPES OF CHEMICAL REACTIONS OXIDATION COMBUSTION FERMENTATION

22. TYPES OF CHEMICAL REACTIONS OXIDATION: when a metal substance combine with water and oxygen. COMBUSTION : when a substance is burned. This reaction needs oxygen. They produce carbon dioxide, light and heat.

23. TYPES OF CHEMICAL REACTIONS FERMENTATION : this reaction happens in some living things. Fermentation occurs when yeast and bacteria inside the dough convert carbohydrates to carbon dioxide causing gas bubbles.

24. ENERGY IS … It is the ability to work or cause change . Energy is everything that produces changes in things. It is invisible . It does not have a volume or a mass, so energy is NOT MATTER. Energy only TRANSFORMS .

25. Forms of energy MECHANICAL ENERGY CHEMICAL ENERGY ELECTRICAL ENERGY LIGHT ENERGY NUCLEAR ENERGY THERMAL ENERGY

26. Mechanical energy Energy in MOTION . POTENTIAL ENERGY It is when the energy is stored up in the object. This energy is ready to use. The object does not move KINETIC ENERGY It is when an object moves. Every moving object has Kinetic energy. POTENTIAL ENERGY KINETIC ENERGY POTENTIAL ENERGY KINETIC ENERGY

27. CHEMICAL ENERGY Chemical Energy  is energy caused by chemical reactions . /STORED ENERGY. FOOD Mechanical and Thermal energy FUEL Mechanical energy or Electrical energy BATTERY Electrical energy

28. ELECTRICAL ENERGY Electrical Energy   comes from tiny charged particles called electrons . Electrical energy is when electricity creates motion , light or heat .

29. LIGHT ENERGY Light energy COMES from light sources, such as the Sun or light bulbs.

30. NUCLEAR ENERGY Nuclear energy is stored in some substances, NUCLEAR FUELS, such as uranium and plutonium.

31. THERMAL ENERGY Thermal energy is the energy in an object related to its temperature. The higher the temperature of an object, the greater its thermal energy.

32. KATHERINE LOPEZ THANK YOU