Matter Classified.hshshdhdhhdhdhdhdhdhppt

Educational purposes

1. MATTER
PURE SUBSTANCE
ELEMENT COMPOUND
Carbon (C) H
2
O
MIXTURE
?
NOW LETS DISCOVER MATTER AS MIXTURES
THUS FAR WE HAVE REVIEWED MATTER AS
PURE SUBSTANCES.

2. Classification
Matter
Has mass and takes up space
Mixture
Variable Composition
Substance
Define composition
Compound
Two or more
kinds of atoms
Element
One kind of
atom
Heterogeneous
Unevenly mixed
Homogeneous
Evenly mixed

3. Solution Process
A mixture is formed by two or more
elements or compounds that are physically
mixed together but not chemically joined.
example: salt and pepper
Mixture can be:
Homogeneous
Evenly mixed
Heterogeneous
Unevenly mixed

4. The two types of Mixtures :
Classifying mixtures
2) HETEROGENEOUS1) HOMOGENEOUS
Homogeneous
Evenly mixed
Heterogeneous
Unevenly mixed
Mixture is formed by two or more elements or compounds that
are physically mixed together but not chemically joined.
example: salt and pepper

5. The Two Types of Mixture
1. Solution is a homogeneous mixture in which
one substances is dissolved in another
substance. It consists of a solute and solvent.
Solvent is the
substance in which
the solute is
dissolved
Solute is the
substance
dissolved in
the solution.
When sugar, a
solute and water a
solvent are mixed, a
water sugar solution
is formed.

6. 2. Suspension is a mixture of water with non-dissolve material
Example sand and water
The Two Types of Mixture (Cont.)

7. •Solute is the
substance
dissolved in the
solution
–Particles may be
ions, atoms, or
molecules
•Solvent is the
substance in which
the solute is
dissolved

8. Mixtures
Summary
Heterogeneous Mixture
(Suspension)
Homogeneous Mixture
(Solution)
Not evenly mixed Evenly mixed
Individual components retain
their own properties
Properties of combined
components are usually
different than those of each
component
Individual components can be
easily seen
Individual components can not
be easily seen
Can be easily separated Not as easily separated
Ex.: salt & pepper mix, rocks,
cereal, bag of assorted candy
Ex. salt-water solution, tea,
kool-Aid drink

9. Solubility
Solubility is the amount of a substance that
can dissolve in 100 grams of
solvent at a given time.
•The ability of a solvent to dissolve a solute
depends on temperature and molecular structure.
•Like dissolve like:
•When the temperature of a liquid increases, The
solubility of the solvent increases.

10. SOLUBILITY GRAPH

11. Classifying Matter
Matter
Pure Substances Mixtures
Elements Compounds
Homogeneous Heterogeneous
He, O H
2
O, NaCl
Tea, kool-aid
Rocky Road ice
cream, muddy
water
Review: How matter is classified

12. 1.Tossed salad
2.Salt water
3.Kool-aid
4.Muddy water
5.OJ with pulp
Practice ProblemsPractice Problems
1. He 2. Ho 3. Ho 4. He 5. He 6. Ho 7. He 8. He 9. He 10. Ho
6. Tea
7. Banana nut bread
8. Pizza
9. Blood
10. Brass
Determine whether each is a heterogeneous or homogeneous mixture:
Answers:
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13. Classify the following substances as:
Pure substance, heterogeneous mixture, or
homogeneous mixture
Gatorade Homogenous mixture
Fruit Loops Heterogeneous mixture
Pure substanceGasoline
Dirt Heterogeneous mixture
Sugar Crystals Pure Substance
Air Homogeneous mixture
Granite
Heterogeneous mixture
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More review

14. 1)We are studying CHEMISTRY, the study of
________and how it ________.
2)Matter is anything that has___ and takes up
___.
3)___ are the basic building blocks of matter.
4)Matter can be classified as either a ___ or a
___.
5)Substances are either ___ or ___.
1. matter, changes 2. mass, space 3. atoms 4. pure substance, mixture 5. elements,
compounds
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Answers:

15. MATTER AS MIXTURESMATTER AS MIXTURES
Mixtures are combinations of 2 or more substances
where each substance retains its individual properties.
HOW ARE MIXTURES DIFFERENT
FROM COMPOUNDS?
HOW ARE MIXTURES LIKE COMPOUNDS? THEY ARE MADE FROM TWO
OR MORE SUBSTANCES
MIXTURES DO NOT FORM
CHEMICAL BONDS.

16. …a mixture that is the same throughout.
A homogeneous mixture has a
composition and properties that are
identical regardless of the sample
 one phase
 uniformly mixed
 won’t settle out
 small particles
Ways to identify a homogeneous mixture:
A SOLUTION is another name for a homogeneous mixture
is

17. … a mixture that is visibly different
throughout. Heterogenous mixtures have
a composition and properties that differ
in any given sample.
 not uniformly mixed
 more than one phase
 will settle out
 larger particles
is
Ways to identify a heterogeneous mixture:

18. HETEROGENEOUS MIXTURES
There are special types of heterogeneous mixtures:
•Suspensions-appear uniform when mixed but settle out.
–Chocolate Quik
–Muddy water
–Pulpy oj
–Oil & Vinegar dressing
•Colloids-appear uniform but they do not settle out. However,
their particles are too large to be classified as a homogeneous
solution.
–Gelatin
–Smoke
–Fog
–mayonnaise

19. •Pure Substances
–Made of either elements or
compounds that are
chemically bonded.
–Cannot be separated by
physical means.
–When combined they take
on new properties different
from the original elements.
–Examples:
•Glucose: C
6
H
12
O
6
•Table Salt: NaCl
•Oxygen Gas: O
2
•Carbon Dioxide CO
2
•Mixtures:
–Two or more substances mixed
together but not chemically
combined.
•Tea = Crushed Leaf + H
2
O
•Rocks = minerals + sediments +
organic matter
•Sugar Water = Sugar + H
2
O
–Each component retains its own
identity; it does not change into
something else.
–Can be separated by physical
means
–Examples:
•Sweet tea
•Trail mix
•Air (O
2, N
2, CO
2, Ar)
Now, lets put it all together and determine how
to tell substances (compounds and elements)
from mixtures.

20. Elements, Compounds, and Mixtures
hydrogen
atoms
oxygen atoms
hydrogen
atoms
Two of the descriptions to the right apply to each bottle
below. Determine the appropriate descriptions..
a.Two types of
atoms evenly
mixed
b.Two types of
atoms chemically
combined
c.One type of atom
d.Two types of
atoms mixed
e.An element
f.A solution
g.A compound
h.A mixture
2_______1_______ 3_______ 4_______
d & h b & g c & e a & f
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