maurya dynasty and kings ruled

maurya dynasty,alexander the great,bindusara,ujjain,chanakya,chandra gupta maurya , ashoka , taxila,

1. INTRODUCTION Mouryas , Guptas and Mughals are the major dynasties in India. During the period of these kingdoms, educational system developed along with the remarkable achievements in other fi elds .

2. Mouryas The Maurya Empire was one of the largest empires of the world in its time. It was also the largest empire ever in the Indian subcontinent (BC 322-185). The Mauryan kings were great patrons of the arts and literature, Intellectuals such as received the continued support of the kings. Ashoka did much for the cause of Buddhist literature in his empire. The universities of Nalanda and Taxila were set up by the Mauryans . Fine arts were cultivated and encouraged. Mauryan architecture is a standing testimony to the exemplary work done in this period. The stupas at Sanchi and Sarnath are among the best Buddhist architectural marvels of the world. The education is fairly wide spread. Teaching continued to be the main job of the Brahmans. But Buddhist monasteries also acted as educational institutions. Taxila , Ujjayini and Varanasi were famous centres of learning. The technical education was generally provided through guilds, where pupils learnt the crafts from the early age. About one and half century of Mauryan rule witnessed the growth of economy, art, architecture, and education.

3.   Bindusara Greatest Mauryan Emperor Grandson Of Chandragupta Maurya Concern In Invasion Kalinga Or Eastern India Converted To Buddhism From Hinduism Adopted The Idea Of Ahimsa Ashoka BINDUSARA ( 298 B.C-273 B.C ) Son of Chandra gupta mauriya Father of the GREAT ASHOKA Also called AMITRA KAADHAN- killer of enemies In his period A shoka became the governor of U jjaini He conquered till D eccan ..

4. CHANDRA GUPTA MAURYA ( 322 B.C-298 B.C ) Founder of maurya dynasty Origin from MAURYA TRIBE Assassinating the last king DHANA NANDHA, he conquered india . Capital:PADALIPUTRA ( patna )  90%of india came under him he is the only king TO COMBINE INDIAN SUB CONTINENT also won selecus nicator,the commamdo of alexander army,and brought aria,arakosia,kedrosia under him nicator also gifted him with 500 elephants After the death of his wife he didn’t marry till 40 years of age. Later he married greek princess helena

5. CHANAKYA Also called koutilya,Vishnu gupta Wrote ARTHA SHAASHTRA Greatly helped Chandra gupta maurya to build mauryan empire in India First chanakya belonged to nanda dynasty where he was illtreated and thrown out of the empire by dhana nandha ,in order to take revenge he trained Chandra gupta maurya to defeat nanda dynasty. He gave immunity creating medicines to Chandra gupta maurya along with food in order to stout and strengthen his body. Unfortunately ,,that overdosed food was shared between him and his wife DHURDHURA when she was pregnant.  Chanakya in order to safeguard the heir of mauryan dynasty tore dhudhura’s abdomen and safeguarded BINDHUSARA.  CHANAKYA Wrote ARTHA SAASHTRA It is of 3 parts 180 chapters , 15 books 1st part: king,queen,kngdom  2nd part: rights,crimis  3rd part: war,success in politics

6. CHANAKYA

7. ALEXANDER THE GREAT  Alexander's invasion of India paved the way for the Mauryan Empire. It helped Chandragupta Maurya to subtend his imperial power in the lands and areas that were previously invaded by the Greeks. After conquering the majority portion of the subcontinent.

8. ASHOKA ASHOKA THE GREAT ( 273 B.C – 232 B.C ) Also called DEVANAMPRIYA,PRIYADHARSHI  Spouse:devi Children:mahendran , sanga Mithrai They both were sent to SRI LANKA to spread BUDDHIDSM  ASHOKA THE GREAT With help of buddhist monk UBAGUPTA or MOGALIPUTTA DHISSA.He joined buddhism . CONDUCTED 3RD BUDDHACONFERENCEIN PATNA After his death ,,a brahmin commander PUSHYA MITRA SUNGAR killed the last mauryan king PRAKRUDHAN and hosted the sunga dynasty in india . All his edicts were in BRAHMI language which is a oldest writing. Won KALINGAWARin 261 B.C. In which, 1500 were killed , which changed his mind to buddhism

9. LITERATURE IN THIS TIME 1 . Artha saashtra - CHANAKYA 2 . Indica - MEGASTHENES 3 . Mudra raachasam -VISAAGA THATHTHAR 4 . Mahavamsam 5 . Deepavamsam . ARCHEOLOGICAL SAMPLES OF MAURYAN EMPIRE As  hoka edits in rocks: 14 BIG ROCKS 2 ROCKS in kalinga  Ashoka edicts in pillars: 7 BIG PILLARS  Ashoka edicts were found by JAMES PRINCEF from EAST INDIA COMPANY  He converted them into PAULI and PRAKRIT language.  edicts were in BRAHMI SCRIPT.  ASHOKA’S VICTORY OVER KALINGA:13 TH ROCK EDICT  ASHOKA’S DHARMA:7 TH PILLAR EDICT.

10. ARCHEOLOGICAL SAMPLES OF MAURYAN EMPIRE Ashoka edits in rocks: 14 BIG ROCKS 2 ROCKS in kalinga Ashoka edicts in pillars: 7 BIG PILLARS Ashoka edicts were found by JAMES PRINCEF from EAST INDIA COMPANY He converted them into PAULI and PRAKRIT language. edicts were in BRAHMI SCRIPT.

11. Taxila  or  Takshashila   Is a city in  Punjab , Pakistan. Located in the  Taxila Tehsil  of Rawalpindi District it lies approximately 25 kilometres (16 mi) northwest of the  Islamabad–Rawalpindi metropolitan area and is just south of  Haripur District in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa , Old Taxila was an important city of ancient India, situated on the eastern shore of the Indus River the pivotal junction of the Indian subcontinent and Central Asia .  it was founded around 1000 BCE. Some ruins at Taxila date to the time of the  Achaemenid Persian Empire in the 6th century BCE, followed successively by the  Maurya Empire, the Indo-Greek Kingdom, the Indo-Scythians, and the  Kushan Empire. Owing to its strategic location, Taxila has changed hands many times over the centuries, with many polities vying for its control. When the great ancient trade routes connecting these regions ceased to be important, the city sank into insignificance and was finally destroyed by the nomadic Central Asian  Hunas  in the 5th century . In the mid-19th century, British archaeologist Alexander Cunningham rediscovered the ancient city's ruins. In 1980, Taxila was declared a World Heritage Site by UNESCO.

12. TAXILA

13. Ujjain I s a city in Ujjain district of the Indian state of Madhya Pradesh It is the fifth-largest city in Madhya Pradesh by population and is the administrative centre of Ujjain district and Ujjain division. It is one of the Hindu pilgrimage centres of  Sapta Puri  famous for the  Kumbh Mela  held there every 12 years  The famous temple of  Mahakaleshwar Jyotirl ingais located in the center of the city. An ancient city situated on the eastern bank of the  Shipra River, Ujjain was the most prominent city on the  Malwa  plateau of central India for much of its history . It emerged as the political centre of central India around 600 BCE . It was the capital of the ancient  Avanti  kingdom, one of the sixteen  mahajanapadas . It remained an important political, commercial and cultural centre of central India until the early 19th century, when the  British  administrators decided to develop  Indore  as an alternative to it . Ujjain continues to be an important place of pilgrimage for  Shaivites ,  Vaishnavitesand followers of  Shakta Ujjain has been selected as one of the hundred Indian cities to be developed as a  smart cityunder Prime Minister  Narendra ModijI ‘s flagship Smart Cities Mission

14. UJJAIN

15. The masterfully sculpted Ashoka pillars, tower over the municipal garden in Panjim , Goa, India.  These are one of the last remaining relics from the Mauryan Empire.

16. Buddhism - religion based on the teachings of Siddhartha Gautama (Buddha). Dynasty - series of rulers from one family or group. Edict - an official ruling, given out by a someone who holds power Empire - group of nations, territories or other groups of people controlled by a single, more powerful authority. Legacy - material, ideas, or history passed down or communicated by a person or community from the past. Mauryan Empire - first pan-Indian empire (321–185 B.C.E.) Pragmatics - relation between signs or linguistic expressions and their users. Reign - to rule as a monarch. Treatise - argument in writing that includes a methodical discussion of facts involved in the conclusions reached

17. END OF MAURYA The Maurya empire was finally destroyed by  Pushyamitra Shunga  in 185 BC. Although a brahmana , he was a general of the last Maurya ruler called Brihadratha . He is said to have killed Brihadratha in public and forcibly usurped the throne of Pataliputra . The Shungas ruled in Pataliputra and central India.