Maxillary Central Incisor

Centered in the maxilla, one on either side of median line, with mesial surface of each in contact with mesial surface of other
Two in number
Larger than the lateral incisor
These teeth supplement each other in function, and they are similar anatomically
Shearing or cutting teeth
Major function is to punch and cut food material during the process of mastication
These teeth have incisal ridges or edges rather than
cusps such as are found on canines & posterior teeth
First evidence of calcification
Crown completion
Eruption
Root completion
3-4 months
4-5 years
7-8 years
10-11 years

1. maxillary central incisor - Permanent Dr Amitha g, bds , mds Dept of oral and maxillofacial pathology

2. Introduction Centered in the maxilla, one on either side of median line, with mesial surface of each in contact with mesial surface of other Two in number Larger than the lateral incisor These teeth supplement each other in function, and they are similar anatomically

3. Shearing or cutting teeth Major function is to punch and cut food material during the process of mastication These teeth have incisal ridges or edges rather than cusps such as are found on canines & posterior teeth

4. Maxillary Central Incisor Name Position Function Number M ax i lla r y Central Incisors One tooth in each maxillary quadrant which are closest to midline Biting, cutting, incising & shearing 02

5. TOOTH NUMBERING UNIVERSAL SYSTEM - 8, 9 ZSIGMONDY PALMER - 1 1 FDI SYSTEM - 11, 21

6. Crown Length Root Length Mesiodistal Diameter of crown Mesiodistal Diameter at Cervical Line Labiolingual Diameter at Crest of Curvature Labiolingual Diameter at Cervical Line Curvature of Cervical Line M D 10.5 13.0 8.5 7.0 7.0 6.0 3.5 2.5 Average Dimensions (in mm) CHRONOLOGY First evidence of calcification Crown completion Eruption Root completion 3-4 months 4-5 years 7-8 years 10-11 years

7. Labial Aspect CROWN Labial surface of crown is usually convex, especially toward cervical 3rd, some central incisors are flat at middle & incisal portions Mesial outline of crown is only slightly convex, with crest of curvature (representing the contact area) approaching mesioincisal angle

8. Distal outline of the crown is more convex than mesial outline, with the crest of curvature higher toward the cervical line Mesial margin straight Distal margin shorter & rounded

9. Distoincisal angle is not as sharp as the mesio incisal angle Incisal outline is usually regular and straight in a mesiodistal direction Distoincisal angle more rounded Mesioincisal angle less rounded

10. Crown length is greater at center than at the two mesial angles Cervical outline of the crown follows a semicircular direction with the curvature root wise Widest anterior teeth Convexity in cervical third

11. Developmental depression – 2 straight, shallow depression, which extend from incisal edge towards gingival, and fade out in the middle 3 rd Mesio - labial developmental depressions, and they represent division of the 3 labial lobes . 3 2 1 Ml & Dl: Developmental depressions; 1,2 & 3: Lobes (4 th lobe not visible) Dl Ml d epr e ssions -

12. Imbrication line – faint, curved lines which is roughly parallel to the CEJ in the 3 rd of the surface and not always present Height of contour – The height of contour of the labial surface is located in the cervical 3 rd

13. Lingual Aspect CROWN Th e lin g ual outl ine i s the reve r se o f that found on labi a l aspect Lingual aspect has convexities and a concavity

14. Ou t line o f cervical line i s simila r , bu t im m edi a t e ly bel o w cervical line a smooth convexity is found – CINGULUM Cervical line convex Lingual aspect Labial aspect CINGULUM

15. Between marginal ridges, below cingulum, a shallow concavity is present - lingual fossa

16. Lingual fossa is bordered by : Mesially Incisally D i stally : Mesial marginal ridge , : Lingual portion of the incisal ridge, : Distal marginal ridge , Cervically : Cingulum. Developmental grooves extending from the cingulum into the lingual fossa

17. Mesial Aspect Crown is wedge-shaped, or triangular, with base of triangle at cervix and apex at incisal ridge Line drawn through crown and root from mesial aspect through center of tooth bisect apex of root & incisal ridge of crown

18. lingual outline Convex : crest of curvature at the cingulum Concave : at Middle portion Slightly convex : at linguo-incisal ridge & incisal edge

19. Cervical line mesially on maxillary central incisor curves incisally to a noticeable degree

20. Distal Aspect The distal surface closely resembles mesial surface, wit h following exceptions: Dist a l surf ace i s g en e r a lly sma l l e r than mesial su rface, because inciso-cervical dimension is shorter Distal surface is more convex inciso-gingivally

21. The cervical margin does not curve as far incisally because it contacts the lateral incisor, which is a smaller tooth, distal contact area is accordingly smaller in size. Curvature of cervical line outlining the CEJ is less in extent on the distal than on the mesial surfaces

22. Incisal Aspect A view of the crown from this aspect superimposes it over the root entirely so that root is not visible labial face of the crown is relatively broad & flat in comparison with lingual surface, especially toward incisal 3 rd C e r v ical portion o f cr o wn labially i s co n vex, a l though a rc described is broad

23. Outline of the lingual portion tapers lingually cingulum Cingulum of the crown makes up cervical portion of the lingual surface

24. Crown of this tooth shows more bulk from incisal aspect than from mesial or distal aspect Th e labio l ingu a l cal ib ration o f crown i s mor e than two thirds as great as mesio -distal calibration Th e crown confor m s to a tr i an g ular out line reflected by outline of the root cross section at the cervix

25. R oot The root is single, conical, relatively straight, and tapers to a rounded apex Horizontal cross section of root near cervical line shows a rounded triangular outline

26. Normally, the root is wider at labial, which is the base of the triangle, and narrower at lingual which is apex A mid root cross section usually reveals a somewhat ovoid outline, which is wider labiolingually than mesiodistally

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