mch services las for community health t.pptx

Community health nursing

1. GOOD AFTERNOON

2. MATERNAL AND CHILD HEALTH SERVICES

3. DEFINITION Maternal and child health refers to a package of comprehensive health care services which are developed to meet promotive , preventive, curative, rehabilitative health care of mothers and child.

4. OBJECTIVES To reduce maternal, infant, childhood mortality and morbidity. To reduce perinatal, neonatal mortality and morbidity. Promoting satisfactory and safe sexual life. Regulate fertility so as to have wanted and healthy children when desired. Provide basic maternal and child health care to all mothers and children. Promote and protect health of mothers.

5. To promote reproductive health. To promote physical and psychological development of children and adolescents within the family.

6. GOALS OF MCH SERVICES To ensure the birth of a healthy infant to every expectant mother. To provide services to promote the healthy growth and development of children up to the age of five years. To prevent malnutrition in mothers and children. To promote family planning services to improve the health of mothers and children.

7. To prevent communicable and non-communicable diseases in mother and children. To educate the mothers on improvement of their own their children’s health.

8. MATERNAL AND CHILD DEVELOPMENTAL STAGES Maternal Developmental Stages:- Pre-pregnant stage. Pregnancy period. Natal period. Puerperium period. Inter conception stage.

9. Child Developmental Stage:- Early fetal period. Late fetal period.

10. MATERNAL HEALTH PROBLEMS Nutritional Problems Malnutrition. Nutritional Anemia . Infectional Anemia Reproductive Tract Infections / STl . General Infections. Puerperal sepsiss .

11. Disturbances in menstruation. Adolescent gravida (Teenage pregnancy). Adolescent parents problems. Unregulated fertility. Abortions. Delivery complications. Infertility. Uterine prilapse . Cancer of the cervix.

12. CHILD HEALTH PROBLEMS Nutritional deficiency problems Malnutrition. Vitamin deficiency. Iron deficiency. Low birth weight. Infectious disease Tuberculosis. Diphtheria. Pertussis (whooping cough). Tetanus. Poliomyelitis. Measles. ARI. Diarrhoea.

13. Problems of neonates Hyperbilirubinemia . Hypothermia. Neo-natal tetanus. Birth asphyxia. Oral thrush. Sepsis.

14. MATERNAL AND CHILD HEALTH CARE SERVICES Antenatal Care. Intranatal Care. Postnatal Care. New Born Care. Care of under fives.

15. Antenatal care Antenatal care is the care of women during pregnancy. The primary aim of antenatal care to achieve at the end of pregnancy a healthy mother and a healthy baby. Ideally this care should begin soon after conception and continue through out pregnancy. OBJECTIVES:- To promote, protect and maintain the health of the mother during pregnancy. To forsee complications and prevent them.

16. To attend to the under five accompanying the mother. Identifying high risk mothers and treating them. Ensure safe delivery and child birth of healthy child. Reducing the maternal mortality rate and infant mortality rate. Essential Antenatal Care:- Early identification of pregnancy. Early registration. Antenatal checkups .

17. Activities of Antenatal Clinic:- Collection of facts. Antenatal examination. Identifying the high risk women and treating them. Prenatal counseling . Immunization and health protection. Manually, preparing the mother for pregnancy and motivating her for family planning.

18. Functions of Community Health Nurse in Antenatal Clinic Selection of place for clinic. Fixing clinic days Ensuring presence of specialists and helping them. Contacting pregnant mothers and motivating them for consultation at clinics. Preparing antenatal cards.

19. Taking history and conducting general examinations. Identifying the high risk group and counselling them accordingly. Educating about food, child care or motherhood, family planning and vaccination. Visiting homes. Maintaining the records. Informing the pregnant mother about the days and timing of antenatal clinic.

20. Intranatal Care Care required at the time of delivery is called intranatal care. Delivery may be arranged at home or at hospital. Instrumental delivery is considered safe and better these days. Skilled birth attendent is essential during child birth. Aims Maximum possible care to mother during delivery. Minimum harm to mother and child. Prevention of complications likely to arise during delivery as haemorrhage, malpresentation , cord-prolapse, etc.

21. Neonatal care can be provided immediately after birth. This include care of respiration, resuscitation, taking care of cord and check up of eyes, etc. Responsibilities of community health nurse Maintenance of delivery room for institutional delivery. Preparing for emergencies. Maintaining highest standards of cleanliness and asepsis during delivery. Providing appropriate care during the all stages of delivery.

22. Providing all maternal health interventions including antibiotics and uterotonic for safe delivery. Keeping in mind warning or alert signals, complications and situations requiring help from specialist. Preparing for neonatal care. Providing mental support to mother during delivery. Keeping delivery kit ready for home delivery. Acquiring the services of specialists as and when required or referring the high risk mother from rural areas to referral units.

23. Postnatal Care Postnatal care refers to the care given to mother after delivery. Both mother and infant care are a part of it and together it is called perinatology. Aims Taking care of the mother and re-establishing the optimum health, as early as possible. Protecting the mother from complications during the postnatal period. Encouraging the breast feeding at the earliest and taking care of the breasts

24. Providing health education to mother and family. Providing family planning services. Responsibilities of community health nurse Prevention against complications. Postnatal examination. Preparing parents mentally and socially for child bearing.

25. Providing basic health education. Preparing mother for breast feeding. Family planning. Postnatal home visit.

26. Newborn Care Goals To establish, maintain and support respiration. To provide warmth and prevent hypothermia. To ensure safety, prevent injury and infection. To identify actual or potential problems that may require immediate attention.

27. Immediate new born care Delivery the baby on a warm and clean towel. Establish and maintain a patent airway. Ensure warmth. Assessment and documentation of baby’s condition. Clamp and cut the cord. Care of skin. Administration of vitamin K. Identification of baby.

28. Transfer of baby according to level of care required. Responsibilities of community health nurse Observing the respiration newborn , immediately after birth and if necessary providing resuscitation. Take care of the umbilical cord and cutting the cord and tying it using proper technique. Assessing the physical condition of the newborn by his Apgar score.

29. Cleaning the newborn child. Taking care of the newborn’s skin and eyes. Keeping the newborn child on safe bed and providing breastfeeding to baby at the earliest. Maintaining normal body temperature of the newborn . Observe the crying, intestinal activity, urination, sleep and feeding pattern of newborn child and accordingly giving the treatment or nursing care.

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