MEANING AND NATURE OF GEOGRAPHY

BEED-CE SUMMER Presentation

1. MEANING AND NATURE OF GEOGRAPHY Photo from google . No copyright intended. For educational use only.

2. What would happen if maps were undiscovered?

3. INTRODUCTION: In Earth man lives on the surface where conditions or the growth of life are favorable. This is called the human habitat.

4. It is composed of four spheres

5. 1. ATMOSPHERE

6. 2.Lithosphere - is the solid portion of the Earth. It is made up of thin crust of soil, rocks and minerals that has penetrated.

7. Hydrosphere 3.It is the water portion which covers about 71% of the Earth’s surface.

8. 4.Biosphere is the life sphere which is composed of plants and animals.

9. These four spheres interact with one another producing diverse environment which form the bases for geographical study.

10. What is geography? It is from   Greek  word,  geographia , literally "earth description" is a field of  science  devoted to the study of the lands, the features, the inhabitants, and the phenomena of  Earth . Geography is a broad division of human knowledge which is concerned with the study of the Earth’s surface and its relation to the activities of man.

11. Herodotus (484-425 B.C) was not only the “father of history” but also of geography.

12. Man is the architect of the earth’s surface. He fashions and modifies it according to his needs. The man – made features which includes the different types of settlements

13. All in all, geography is the study of the earth as the home of man .

14. Nature of geographic study

15. What portion of the earth’s surface the geographer directs his study? The field of the geographer is limited to a thin shell of the earth extending about thirty (30) miles into the atmosphere and about three (3) miles below the earth. Only within this zone, some thirty-three (33) miles in thickness are found the physical conditions that make ordinary life possible. This referred to as the human habitat .

16. The systematic study of the origin, distribution, and significance of the major physical features of the earth, such as landforms, climates, oceans and natural resources. Physical Geography

17. It gives emphasis to the study of man’s imprints upon the earth

18. This unique position of geography in the richness of its contents provide a common territory for the sciences and the humanities to meet it integrates and provides the connecting links between and among the various disciplines that have something to do with the earth’s surface.

19. Sir Patrick Geddes He called geography the “synthesis and mother of all sciences.”

20. He called geography as, “ the basis of history.” Immanuel Kant

21. Professor Houston outlines the periphery of his conception of geography as a study of the earth and its relation to the solar system, government, society and nature. Moreover, geography is the core in the unity of knowledge and the queen of the sciences.

22. Geography as Natural Science Natural science embraces both the biological and physical sciences. It deals with the study of nature-plants, animals, rocks, minerals, matter and energy. Geography belongs to the field of natural science because the physical earth is its central theme.

23. Geography as Social Science Social science deals with the organization and the development of human society and man as a member of social groups. Geography takes up the study of man as the architect of the earth’s surface.

24. Geography as Humanities The cultural elements of geography include the study of man’s institutions, such as language, religion, and fine arts, which are the domain of the humanities. Man’s ways of thinking and reacting to natural and social environment must take account of his language by which he communicates, and his religion by which his code of moral conducts is directed.

25. Concept of Natural Resources

26. The physical elements of the earth which are within the domain of geography are whether and climate, landforms, the oceans, and the resources . Natural resources are the material things of economic value which man did not bring into existence such as water, soils, forest, fisheries, and minerals including coal and oil. Climate, topography, and geographic location relative to world market should also be included.

27. Norton Ginsburg defines “ Natural resources in their broadest sense to include all the freely given material phenomena of nature within the zone of man’s activities, plus the additional non-material quality of situation or location. The association of these elements of land, air, sea, and situation in a single area is called its “ resource base” or “ resource endowment”.

28. LAND

29. Natural resources embrace the whole physical base in geographic study. Geography is concerned with the use of space and land . Natural resources are the foundation of our wealth and this field of geography is essentially a study of the influence and the use of these resources for social, economic, and political development.

30. Methods of geography As in many other sciences, in geography, a systematic and direct observations and descriptions are preliminary and necessary to the interpretation of the relation between the physical environment and man’s activities.

31. The results of these observations are then are then synthesized and analyzed and recorded in a map, graph, or chart.

32. In the topical or systematic way, the various aspects of the natural and human environments are analyzed and studied separately . In a regional approach, the Philippines is chosen as a region for geographic study .

33. The exact nature of the relationship between man and land is viewed in two ways. First, the physical environment is but the stage where the play is being enacted. The physical environment may set the limit but it is not the determining factor in man’s progress. Second, the physical environment is the determinant that sets the progress of nations.

34. The better view is that the progress of a country is determined by the industry, character, and ingenuity of its people.

35. References: Geography and Natural Resources of the Philippines Google

36. Prepared by: Jona Jean Nudalo Fatima Mae Suralta Jewel Ann Miranda