Medical-Implants-and-Prosthetics..........

medical

1. Medical Implants and Prosthetics Jenie May Arungayan , Julie Pearl Barnego Angel Villanueva

2. Medical Implants Medical implants are devices or tissues that are placed inside or on the surface of the body. Many implants are prosthetics, intended to replace missing body parts.

3. Prosthetics Referring to a prosthesis, an artificial substitute or replacement of a part of the body such as a tooth, eye, a facial bone, the palate, a hip, a knee or another joint, the leg, an arm, etc. A prosthesis is designed for functional or cosmetic reasons or both.

4. Biomaterials Any substance that has been engineered to interact with biological systems for a medical purposes. They are the building materials for many medical implants and prosthetics.

5. Three General Classifications of Biomaterials

6. Metals Engineered systems designed to provide internal support to biological tissues and they are being used largely in joint replacements, dental implants, orthopaedic fixations and stents.

7. Examples Properties Description Aluminum Oxide Zirconia Calcium Phosphates Compressive strength Bioceramics display high resistance to wear, tear and deformation Malleability They can be hammered into thin sheets. (Cobalt-chromium-nickel-aluminum) Ductility Metals can drawn into thin wires. Conductivity Copper and aluminum are good conductors of electricity, they are useful for medical implants that require electricity ( eg ., pacemaker & cochlear implants)

8. Examples:

9. High Tensil Strength Makes metals durable and tough, they make ideal materials from which artificial limbs can be made.They have a high resistance to wear and tear.

10. Bioceramics Ceramic materials specially developed for use as medical and dental implants. They are usually used to replace hard tissue in the body like bone and teeth.

11. Examples Properties Description Aluminum Oxide Zirconia Calcium phosphates Compressive strength Bioceramics display high resistance to wear, tear and deformation Highly biocompatible with the human tissue, especially with human bones. They are similar to the mineral phase of the human bone in structure and chemical composition. Inert in the human body. It does not react chemically with the substances composing the tissues of the human body.

12. Examples:

13. Polymers a substance that has a molecular structure consisting chiefly or entirely of a large number of similar units bonded together, e.g., many synthetic organic materials used as plastics and resins.

14. Examples Properties Description Polyethylene Polypropylene Polyamides PVC Polyurethane Polyesters Silicones High tensile strength Polymers have a high capacity to withstand stresses before failing. High elastic modulus Polymers are stiff, they are not easily deformed, they return to their original shape after stresses have been removed.

15. Thank you!!!

16. References https://www.google.com/search?q=what+is+metals+as+biomaterials&oq=what+is+metals+as+biomaterials&aqs=chrome..69i57.5789j0j4&client=ms-android-oppo-rev1&sourceid=chrome-mobile&ie=UTF-8 https://www.google.com/search?q=nuno+nogueira+bioceramic&tbm=isch&ved=2ahUKEwjT4_mxtqbnAhVHXJQKHRHaCssQ2-cCegQIABAC&oq=nuno+nogueira+bioceramic&gs_l=mobile-gws-wiz-img.3..30i10.38762.43781..43991...1.0..0.263.2442.0j1j10......0....1.........0i30j0i8i30.G5XYv7QbVIA&ei=VzowXpPcMce40QSRtKvYDA&bih=628&biw=360&prmd=inv#isa=y