MEDICAL TERMINATION OF PREGNANCY ACT 1971.pptx

III B.PHARMACY (V- SEMESTER).
PHARMACEUTICAL JURISPRUDENCE.

1. Medical Termination Of Pregnancy Act 1971 BALASUNDARESAN M

2. HIS T O R Y MTP enacted on 1st April, 1971 Amendments 1975, 2003, 2014, 2020 Before these act the pregnancies terminated as per Indian Penal Code and Indian Penal Code is drafted in 1860 during British rule (IPC) Indian Penal Code -> Induced Abortion-> Illegal Induced Abortion means purposely miscarriage. As per IPC penalties abortion practitioner- 3 years imprisonment or fine or both women- 7 years imprisonment or fine or both The fetus has the right to live as per MTP ACT 1971.

3. OBJECTIVE Aims to improve the maternal health scenario by preventing large number of unsafe abortions Legalizes abortion services. Promote access to safe abortion services to Women. Offers protection to medical practitioners who otherwise would be penalized under the Indian Penal code (Section 315-316).

4. DEFINITIONS GUARDIAN:- is a person taking care of a minor or mentally ill person LUNATIC:- a person who is mentally ill. MINOR:- a person who is below the legal age of majority. Registered Medical Practitioner:- A person who possesses any recognized medical qualification as defined under the Indian Medical Council Act and whose name has been entered in a state Medical register and who has such experience or training in gynecology and obstetrics as may be prescribed by rules made under this Act.

5. TERMINATION OF PREGNANCIES When the pregnancy is less than 12 weeks; When the pregnancy is exceeds12 weeks but not more than 20 weeks the opinion of two registered medical practitioners sought that the:- The continuation of the pregnancy would have a serious risk to the pregnant women along with a grave injury to her physical or mental health; or There is a grave risk to the child to be born with certain abnormalities or seriously handicapped. The provision relating to the opinion of two RPMs shall not apply in case the termination of pregnancy becomes absolutely necessary to save the life of pregnant women whose pregnancy exceeds 12 weeks.

6. The Registered Medical Practitioners may terminate a pregnancy of a woman who is less than 18 years of age or lunatic , with written consent of her guardian. T h e RMP may ter m i n ate p r egnancy after judgme nt of court Termination of pregnancy shall not be made at any place other than: Hospital established and run by Government; or A place approved for this purpose of this act by government. Every RMP who terminates any pregnancy should certify the termination in the prescribed Form 1 within 3Hrs. of the termination.

7. Who Can Terminate Pregnancy A MTP rules 1975 prescribe the experience or training in gynecology and obstetrics that a Registered Medical Practitioners (RMP)should have to terminate any pregnancy. A Medical Practitioner Registered in a state Medical Register immediately before the commencement of the act, should have not less than 3 years experience in the practice of gynecology and obstetrics. Medical Practitioner Registered in state medical register on after the date of the commencement can terminate the pregnancy. In case of Registered Medical Practitioner who holds a post graduate degree or diploma in gynecology and obstetrics, the experience or training joined during the course of such degree or diploma is considered.

8. Approval of a Place The CMO of the district shall verify or inspect the place to ascertain himself that proper facilities and conditions are maintained for medical termination of pregnancy. The Government is satisfied that termination of pregnancy may be done therein under safe and hygienic conditions. The following facilities are provided therein namely: An operation table and instruments for performing abdominal gynecological surgery Anesthetic equipment, resuscitation equipment and sterilization equipment Drugs and parental fluids for emergency use. Qualified medical personnel.

9. Maintenance of Records Records to the admissions of women for termination of pregnancy shall be maintained by the head of the hospital or the owner of the approved place. The admission register shall be a secret document and the information contained there in shall not be disclosed to any person expect as provide under the Act. Every admission register shall be destroyed on the laps of 5 years from the date of entry in register . The consent given by the pregnant women regarding the termination of her pregnancy together with the certified opinion of the RMP shall be sealed in an envelope by the RMP. The envelope shall bear the serial no. assigned to the women, the name shall be marked SECRET. The envelope shall be kept in safe custody by the head of the Hospital or the owner of the approved place.

10. Offences & Penalties Anyone who fails to comply with rules made under the Act or contravenes them may be fined up to Rs. 1000/- The provision by implication recognizes that the fetus has the right to life. When the termination of pregnancy is caused without the consent of the women, punishment may extend to imprisonment for life or imprisonment of either description for a term, which may extend to 10 years or fine.

11.  Miscellaneous Provisions: The Central govt. may make rules to give effect to the provision of this Act to provide for: Experience and /or training of a Registered Medical Practitioner who intends to terminate pregnancies. Such other matters which may be required to be provided by rules made under this Act. State govt. may make regulation to provide for: Certification of opinion of Registered Medical Practitioner and preservation or disposal of such certificate. Furnishing of intimation or any such information about termination of pregnancies as may be specified.