MELCS-6-Howwwww-Society-is-Organized.pdf

Some Thing Some Thing

3. MELC:
•Analyzetheforms
andfunctionsof
socialorganizations

4. OBJECTIVES:
1.Understandanddiscussthe
compositionofsocietybasedon
thegroupsthatcomposeit;
2.Identifyanddefinethedifferent
typesofgroupsinsociety.

5. What makes up
society?
•Groups
•Can be as small as 2 people
•Can be as large as a nation

6. What makes a (social) group?
•4 things make a group
•2 or more people
•Interaction among members
•Members have shared
expectations
•Members must share a common
identity

7. Aggregate
•Same as a group, BUT
•Lack organization
•Do not plan interaction
•Can be considered a social category
•way of classifying people according to a
shared trait or status

8. Collective
•Temporarygroups
•Clustersofpeopleinteractingwitheach
otherbutinteractionsaretemporaryor
short-lived.
•Composedofclusterofpeoplewho
sharesomekindofbelief.
•Characterizedbytheunstructured
developmentofnormsandorganizations
whichopposetheexistingnormsand
organizationinasociety.

9. Size of Groups
•Dyad
•2 people who share power in group
•If 1 person leaves, group does not
exist anymore
•Triad
•3 people who share power in group
•More definite than 2 person group

10. How big can a small group be?
•Smallenough where
each individual can
talk to each other face
to face.
•Bigif they share an
identity

11. TYPES OF SOCIAL GROUPS
GEMEINSCHAFT
Close communal
relationships/community
•Example: tribal groups,
agricultural and fishing
villages
•rural neighborhoods,
families, tribes, garage
bands, sports teams
.
GESELLSCHAFT
•organized impersonal
relationships/
society
•Example:
urban-industrial
communities
(corporations, diverse
countries, social clubs,
universities.)

13. •Groups within Society: Primaryand
Secondary.

14. Groups
according to
ties

15. Types of Social Groups
•Primary Groups
•Small groups who interact
over a long period of time
on a direct and personal
basis
•Very intimate
•Very intense
•Examples
•Families
•Couples

16. Types of Social Groups
•Secondary Group
•Interaction is impersonal
•Interaction is temporary
•Very casual
•Individuals in group can be replaced
•Examples
•Classrooms
•Political party

17. PRIMARY GROUP SECONDARY GROUP
Intimate, personal&
informal relationships
Impersonal,formal,distant
relationships
Long term, sometimes life
long
Shorttermortemporary
We develop our self-identity
or who we are
Wemeetourlifelong
partnersthroughthese
Family members, close
friends
Work,school,associations,
etc

18. •Intermediategroup
A cross between
primary and secondary
groups
.

19. Intermediate group
It is a group that is
large scale yet applies
familial relationship
with members.

20. How television companies
package their TV stations.

21. •Intermediate group
Example:
Afamilywheremembers
areseparatedbecauseof
work,residence, and
circumstances.

22. According to
self-identification

23. In-Groups and Out-Groups
•In-groups
•A group that a person identifies with
and is part of
•In-groups separate themselves by
using symbols
•Clothing
•Language/slang
•drawings
•Out-group
•A group that a person does not identify
with

24. 1.IN-GROUP
-a socialgroup
to which an individual
feels he/shebelongs

25. 2.OUT-GROUP
-a social group
that an individualdoes
not identifywith

26. REFERENCE
GROUPS
-a socialgroup
to which an individual
comparehim/herself

27. REFERENCEGROUPS
Is a social group that we are use
as a standard of comparison for
ourselves regardless of whether
or not we are part of thatgroup.

28. NETWORKS
-a theoretical
construct useful in
the social sciences to
study relationships
between individuals,
groups,
organizations, or
even the entire
societies

29. NETWORKS
A social network is a series or web
ofweak social ties involving
people or groups of individuals
connected to each other, such as
through friendship, family,
business relationship, academic
institutions, religious
organizations and socio-political
clubs.

30. Social Networks
•Web of relationships that is formed by the
sum of a person’s interactions with other
people
•Have no clear boundaries
•Have no rules
•Have no sense of identity for the most part

33. Kinship by
blood

34. 1. Consanguineal kinship
This relationships
achieved by birth
or blood affinity.

35. 2. Descent
•biological
relationship
between parents
and offspring.

36. the line where one’s
descent is traced.
3. Lineage

37. tracing the affiliation of a
person through descent
of only one sex,
4.Unilineal
Descent

38. GROUPS:
CLANS:
A link by kin with members
tracing connection through one
another even if the supposedly
ancestral union is not clear .

39. GROUPS:
LINAGES:
Thetypeoflinkisthrough
common ancestry usingboth
motherandfather’ssideofthe
family.

40. GROUPS:
MOIETIES:
Arebasedontheassociationby
choicewithanancestrallinebut
thememberscouldn’texplainthe
reasonforthelink.

41. GROUPS:
PHRATRIES:
groupofpeoplewithina
tribewhohavea
commonancestor

42. 5. Bilateral Descent
•somesocietiestracetheir
descentthroughthestudyof
bothparentsancestors.Ina
biliteraldescent,kinshipis
tracedthroughbothancestral
linesofthemotherandfather.

43. 6. PATRILINEAL
•Descentisidentifiedby
tracingtheancestryofan
individualbyhisorher
relativesfromthemen,sons
orfathersofthefamiliesin
theancestryline.

44. 7. MATRILINEAL
•Descentisidentifiedby
tracingtheaffiliationofan
individualbyhisorher
relativesfromthewomen,
daughtersormothersofthe
familiesintheancestryline.

45. RELATIONSHIP OF
CONSANGUINITY

46. 1
ST
DEGREE
2
ND
DEGREE
3
RD
DEGREE
4
TH
DEGREE
PERSON
-Child
-parent-Grandchildren
-Sister
-Brother
-Grandparent
-Great grand
children
-Nephew
-Aunt
-Uncle
-
Great grand
parent
-Great-great-
grandchildren
-Grandniece
-Grandnephew
-First cousin
-Greataunt
-Great-great-
grand parents

47. Kinship by
MARRIAGE

48. MARRIAGE
Theunionofacouplethroughlegaland
sociallyacceptablemeans.Kinshipby
marriageisaunionoftwofamilieswhere
thefamilyandrelativesfrombothsidesare
relatedbyaffinity.

49. MARRIAGE
•Itisasocio- sexualinstitution,apartof
thewiderinstitutionalcomplexofthe
family.
•Itisthecenterofthe kinshipsystem.

50. AffinalKinship
referstotypeofrelations
developed when marriage
occurs.Whenmarriagetakes
placenewformsofsocial
relationsaredeveloped.(in-laws)

51. RELATIONSHIP OF
AFFINITY

52. 1
ST
DEGREE 2
ND
DEGREE
PERSON-spouse
-mother-in-law
-father-in-law
-son-in-law
-daughter-in-law
-stepson
-stepdaughter
-Stepmother
-stepfather -brother-in-law
-sister-in-law
-spouse’s
grandparent
-spouse’s grandchild
-grandchild’s spouse
-spouseof
grandparent

53. ENDOGAMY
Thepracticeofmarryingwithinaspecific
ethnicgroup,classorsocialgroup,
rejectingothersonsuchabasisasbeing
unsuitableformarriageorfortheother
closerelationships.

54. EXOGAMOUS
The practice of marrying
outside group, class or
social group, which is
very common in modern
societies.
Means of maintaining
boundaries and creates
links.

55. MONOGAMY
Themarriageofsexualpartnering
practicewheretheindividualhas
onlyonemaleoffemalepartner
ormate.

56. POLYGAMY
Thepracticeofhaving
morethanonepartneror
sexualmate.

57. polygyny
(amanhasmultiplepartner)
(a woman has multiple mate)
POLYANDRY

58. A man marries several
sisters
SORORAL
POLYGYNY

59. KINSHIP BY BLOOD
1.CONSANGUINEAL
2.DESCENT
3.LINAGE
4.UNILINEAL
5. GROUPS: CLANS,LINAGE,MOIETIES,
PHRATRIES
6. BILATERAL DESCENT
7. PATRILINEAL
8.MATRILINEAL

60. KINSHIP BY
MARRIAGE
1.AFFINEAL KINSHIP
A. ENDOGAMY
B. EXOGAMY
C. MONOGAMY
D. POLYGAMY
(POLYGYNY & POLYANDRY)

61. ACTIVITY: TRACE IT
DOWN!!!
Trace the kinship by blood and
marriage of your own family
(PATRILINEAL OR
MATRILINEAL). Give the complete
name/information of each member of
the family.

62. ANSWER THE FOLLOWING
QUESTIONS:
1.WHAT TYPE OF FAMILY DO YOU
THINK MOST OF THE FILIPINO HAS?
WHY?
2.HOW IMPORTANT IS MARRIAGE TO
YOU?
3.WHAT IS YOUR IDEA OF A MARRIED
PERSON?

63. ANSWER THE FOLLOWING
QUESTIONS:
4.HOWWOULDYOUCATEGORIZEYOUR
FAMILY?WHY?
5.IFYOUBELONGTOAFAMILYTHAT
HASABADREPUTATION INTHE
PAST,HOWWOULDYOUPROCEEDTO
LIVEBYITINTHEPRESENT?