Mellss yr 4 forensic defence, hesitation, self inflicted and fabricated injuries

note about defence injury, hesitation injury, and fabricated injury consisting of self- injured and self-suffered

1. DEFENCE, HESITATION, SELF-INFLICTED AND FABRICATED INJURIES AMALINA AMINUDDIN BAKI 082012100067

2. Defence injury Wounds sustained by a victim while trying to defend himself from an attack by raising his hands, or attempting to wrest the weapon away from the assailant Importance?

3. 3 2 1

4. Defence injury Common sites? Type of injury ? More common in: 20-40 years old L eft side

5. Hesitation Injuries Multiple, shallow ,non- fatal G ather courage before the final fatal act Seen under clothing

6. Hesitation cuts Aka exploratory cuts, feeler strokes or tentative cuts Repeated horizontal, parallel, shallow, half-hearted cuts Merges with main wound Site?

7. Hesitation Stab Uncommon Mid chest Multiple minimal penetration Hesitation Shot Aka flinch shot Shots fired away from body or on non- fatal parts of body

8. Fabricated injury Fabricated, fictitious, forged or invented injury W ounds which may be: produced by a person on his own body (self inflicted), caused by another person with his consent (self-suffered).

9. Self- inflicted injury Injury done by a person to his own body

10. History Injury Superficial, no defence injury More than situation described Accessible parts

11. Fabricated injury Done to a person’s body with the consent of the person by another person Any type of injury possible

12. Reference VV Pillay, Textbook of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, 15 th edition M.I . Sheikh, P. Pranav, K. Vijay, Defense wounds in homicidal deaths , JIAFM , 31 (1) (2009 ) Mohanty M.K., Panigrahi M.K. et al- Self Defence Injuries in Homicidal Deaths; JFLM 2007: 14 (4): 213-215 Suicidal and homicidal sharp force injury: a 5‐year retrospective comparative study of hesitation marks and defense wounds. Forensic Sci Med Pathol 4:221-227 Anil Aggrawal , APC Textbook of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology https:// www.aerzteblatt.de/pdf/DI/103/40/a2627e.pdf Dr. R.K.Gorea ,Dr . J.Gargi , A.D.Aggarwal ,incidence and pattern of fabricated injuries, PAFMAT Volume 7(2), 2007