MENDOZA.PPT.FACTORS-AFFECTING-DEVELOPMENT.Parenting-Style......_022725.pptx

Child psychology

1. FACTORS AFFECTING DEVELOPMENT

2. PARENTING Parenting includes everything that one does while waiting for something else to happen. It is going out of one’s way to assist, help, listen, do something for a child. Parenting is learned and picked up from how individuals are parented. Cobb (2001) stresses that parenting is more a matter of who one is than what one does, passed on from one generation to the next.

3. What is parenting style? PARENTING STYLE refers to the way parents raise their children and impact it has on the child’s development. It is a concept that emerged from the study of attachment theory, which suggests that the equality of the parent-child relationship is crucial for healthy psychological development. There are several parenting styles.

4. Diana Baumrind (1996 as cited by Cobb, 2001) has distinguished four styles of parenting in terms of differences in parental responsiveness and demandingness. Responsiveness refers to how sensitive, supportive, and involved parents are. Demandingness is the degree to which parents hold high expectations for their children’s behavior and supervise their activities.

5. Parenting Style Behavior Characteristics Resulting Social 1. Authoritative Demanding, encourages independence; responsive, warm, and nurturing; disciplines with explanation; maintains open dialogue Social competence and responsibility. 2. Authoritarian Demanding, consistent in enforcing standards; restrictive; controlling Ineffective social interaction; interactive 3. Indulgent Responsive, warm and nurturing; undemanding; uses punishment inconsistently and infrequently; exercises little control Social competence, well-adjusted; peer oriented; misconduct 4. Neglectful Unresponsive, little warmth or nurturance; undemand- ing , sets few limits and provides little supervision Poor orientation to work and school; behavior problems

6. STYLES OF PARENTING Authoritative parenting is a style of parenting that stresses self-reliance and independence. Parents are maintain open communication lines with children and give reasons when instilling discipline. Authoritarian parenting is a style of parenting that stresses obedience, respect for authority, and traditional values.

7. Indulgent parenting is a style of parenting characterized by little warmth, and nurturance but with little supervision. Neglectful parenting is a style of parenting characterized by little warmth, nurturing, and supervision.

8. ROLE MODELS A role model is a person who serves as an example by influencing others. For many children, the most important role models are their parents and caregivers. Children look up to a variety of role models to helps shape how they behave in school, relationships, or when making difficult decisions.

9. -In child psychology, a role model is a person who serves as an example for a child to emulate or aspire to be like. -Role models can be positive or negative influences on a child’s development and behavior. They can include parents, teachers, coaches, siblings, peers, celebrities, and other significant adults in a child’s life

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