Meningitis, Types , causes ,symptoms and Diagnosis of Meningitis.pptx

This presentation gives us basic approach about the diagnosis of meningitis.
what is meningitis?
types, causes, symptoms,

1. Lab Diagnosis of Meningitis BY: KISMAT ALI, TUTOR AT IUL LKO. BMLT GOLD MEDALIST, MMLT PATHOLOGY

2. Layers of meninges.

3. NORMAL MENINGES VS MENINGITIS

4. WHAT IS MENINGES ? Meninges are the covering of brain and spinal cord. There are three layers of meninges Dura mater Arachnoid Pia mater

5. ACUTE LYMPHOCYTIC (VIRAL ,ASEPTIC ) MENINGITIS

6. FUNCTION OF MENINGES Protect your CNS (central nervous system) from trauma injury to your brain. Acting as a shock absorber. Meninges support, enclosed your CNS and keep your brain from moving around within your skull.

7. WHAT IS MENINGITIS? Meningitis is the medical condition , in which meninges are inflamed due to any microbial infection , that may be bacterial Fungal viral.

8. TYPES OF MENINGITIS There are three types of meningitis Acute pyogenic (bacterial) meningitis. Acute lymphocytic (viral ,aseptic meningitis) Chronic tuberculous , cryptococcal meningitis.

9. Causes of meningitis Bacteria cause meningitis:- streptococcus agalactiae, Streptococcus pneumoniae Neisseria meningitidis H.influenzae Listeria Virus cause meningitis:- most commonly enterovirus, and other like EBV,HSV Fungus cause meningitis:- cryptococcus neoformans.

10. ROUTE OF INFEECTION Through blood stream Iatrogenic – during lumbar puncture process Adjacent focus infection.:- through ear , nose , eye infection

11. CLINICAL FEATURES

12. CLINICAL FEATURES Fever Vomiting Drowsiness :- feeling more sleepy than normal during the day. Coma Occasionally convulsion. Neck stiffness. confusion

13. Importance of Early Diagnosis Determines the cause of meningitis (bacterial vs viral). Guides treatment (antibiotics, antivirals, etc.). Helps in preventing complications and death.

14. KEY STEPS TO DIAGNOSE MENINGITIS. SPECIMEN COLLECTION CULTURE OF CSF AND BLOOD MICROSCOPY:- ZN staining , Gram staining. PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL EXAMINATION OF CSF. MOLECULAR TESTS. SEROLOGICAL TESTS FOR ANTIGEN DETETCION

15. LAB DIAGNOSIS OF MENINGITIS SPECIMEN COLLECION – BY LUMBAR PUNCTURE CULTURE MICROSCOPY:- 1- SMEAR PREPARATION DRY SMEAR , WET SMEAR GRAM STAINING ZN STAINING

16. Zn stain and Indian ink stain

17. Comparison b/w normal CSF vs Abnormal finding.