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1. Mental diseases Dr Gayatri A Panse Associate prof Depertment of Organon of Medicine and Hmoeopathic Philosophy

2. MENTAL DISEASES AND THEIR TREATMENT The mind and the body are two important fragments of the organism. They are functioning in harmony to maintain the state of health . They are inseparableand interdependent. Any amount of alteration in one fragment will immediately reflect on the other . During the process of drug proving also, the pathogenetic effect will be seen not only physically but also mentally and intellectually.

3. Mental Diseases Mental diseases are one-sided diseases of psoric origin, though they are of whole psychosomatic entity, the derangement of mental disposition increaseswhile of the corporeal symptoms decline (§ 215).

4. Classification of Mental Diseases Hahnemann classified mental diseases into 4 types : 1 . Mental diseases of  somato -psychic type (§ 216 ) 2 . Mental diseases because of  exciting cause  (§ 221 ) 3 . Mental diseases of doubtful  origin(§  224 ) 4 . Mental diseases of psycho-somatic type (§ 225)

5. 1. Mental diseases of somato -psychic type (§ 216) These are mental diseases arising from the corporeal diseases. In some diseases like suppuration of lungs or some deterioration of important organs or some fatal acute diseases, it has been observed that they rapidly change into insanity, a type of melancholia. Here, the corporeal symptoms will reduce and the existing mental symptoms will be increased in intensity. They rapidly develop into one-sided diseases of only mental symptoms. Only the accurately observing physician can observe the scarcely visible corporeal symptoms. As a result, the mental symptoms look like the presenting complaints.

6. the fatal disease with mild psychic symptoms and predominant corporealsymptoms has been transformed into a one-sided mental disease. These types of mental diseases can be called the somato - psychic variety

7. Treatment of somato -psychic disease (§ 217-220):  The whole disease phenomenon i.e., both the corporeal and mentalsymptoms have to be acquired. It includes the symptom collection of thecorporeal disease with which the patient suffered before the so called mentaldisease developed . In collecting this information, the patient’s attendents,relatives and friends will be of greater help . Once the symptoms of the previous disease has been collected, these can be mixed with the existing corporeal and mental symptoms.

8. Thus, the totality is formed. To this complete picture of the disease, the medicine capable of  producing strikingly similar (especially to the mental symptoms) have to be selected. The final remedy must be an anti- psoric one, which will complete the cure.

9. 2. Mental diseases because of exciting cause (§ 221) These can also be called as the mental diseases of acute origin. Some times the mental diseases like insanity and mania, can break out suddenly like an acute disease. Prior to this condition, the patient may have been in perfectly healthy state. Usually, when an exciting cause acts upon the latent psora such diseases may arise. Fright, vexation, abuse of spirituous liquors etc may act as exciting cause in these cases. 

10. Treatment of the mental diseases of acute origin (§ 221- 223): These diseases have to be treated with anti- psoric remedies. But the initial use of the well proven acute remedies like Aconite, Belladonna, Stramonium,Hyoscyamus etc prove beneficial. These medicines have to be administered according to the acute totality of the patient. They must be administered in minute highly dynamised form. Such prescription will reduce the severity of the problem by sending the  psora into its latent form.

11. Once the acute attack has subsided, the case again has to be treated with the anti- psoric remedies. They should never be regarded as completely cured because the latent  psora  is still present in the patient . The anti- psoric treatment has to be followed with the proper diet and regimen or else there is a chance of development of mental disease again after exposure to any type of exciting cause .

12. 3. Mental diseases of doubtful origin (§ 224) In these types of mental diseases, it is difficult to find out whether the mentaldisease is arising from a corporeal disease or from any psychologicaldisturbance like faulty education, bad practices, corrupt morals, neglect of mind,superstition or ignorance. So it can be dealt in 2 headings:  i . If mental diseases of doubtful origin are based on the psychogeniccause : This disease can be controlled by sensible, friendly exhortations, consolatoryarguments , serious representations and sensible advice. Treatment:  Such mental diseases can be controlled by psychotherapy,counseling , appropriate diet and regimen, but without fail followed by anti-  psoric treatment as psora will be the basic cause in such cases. 

13. ii. If mental diseases of doubtful origin are based on any corporealdisease : Hahnemann recommends one guideline to identify such diseases. In thesetypes of diseases the patient gets irritated when the physician tries to give psychotherapy and consolatory arguments. So, by psychotherapy alone such patients become more dejected, inconsolable and reserved.

14. Treatment:  Such mental diseases have to be considered as the one- sidedmental disease of corporeal causes (first variety). Hence, the treatment must also be given like the same. The whole disease phenomenon i.e., both the corporeal and mental symptoms have to be acquired. It includes the symptom collection of the corporeal disease with which the patient suffered before the so called mental disease has developed. In collecting this information, the patient’s attendents,relatives and friends will be of greater help. Once the symptoms of the previous disease have been collected, these can be mixed with the existing corporeal and mental symptoms.

15. Thus, the totality is formed . To this complete picture of the disease, the medicine capable of  producing strikingly similar (especially to the mental symptoms) has to  be selected . The final remedy must be an anti- psoric one, which will complete the cure .

16. 4. Mental diseases of psycho-somatic type (§ 225) These are the mental diseases that arise as a result of prolonged emotionaldisturbances . Different psychological depressions like continued anxiety, worry,vexation , wrongs and frequent occurrence of greater fear and fright. Suchdiseases may be of recent origin and may not have developed fully intocorporeal diseases. But, if left untreated they may damage the body. In § 226,Hahnemann comments “ While they are yet recent and  they are capable of making great inroads in the corporeal state ”. Thus the name psycho-somatic isgiven to this class of diseases.

17. Treatment (§ 226-267): Such mental diseases of psychic origin can be treated by means of  psychological remedies like confidence building, friendly exhortations, sensible advice and a well disguised deception. This has to be always supported by good diet and regimen. The fundamental cause in such diseases is always psora . Hence, radical anti- psoric treatment has to be given to avoid any type of recurrences

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