METHODS OF FERMETATION.pptx

Fermey

1. METHODS OF FERMETATION BY G.ARJUN II M.Sc. Applied Microbiology Sacred Heart College (Autonomous) Tirupattur . TO Dr. P. SARANRAJ Head of Department of Microbiology Sacred Heart College (Autonomous) Tirupattur .

2. FERMENTATION Fermentation is a metabolic process that produces chemical changes in organic substrates through the action of enzymes. In biochemistry, it is narrowly defined as the extraction of energy from carbohydrates in the absence of oxygen

3. METHODS OF FERMENTATION Solid state fermentation (SSF) Submerged fermentation ( SmF ) 

4.   Solid state fermentation has been defined as “the fermentation process occurring in the absence or near absence of free water utilizing the solid substrate”.  It is a biomolecule manufacturing process used in the food, pharmaceutical, cosmetic, fuel and textile industries. These biomolecules are mostly metabolites generated by microorganisms grown on a solid support selected for this purpose.  This technology for the culture of microorganisms is an alternative to liquid or submerged fermentation, used predominantly for industrial purposes SOLID STATE FERMENTATION

5.   Simple and cost effective Less effluent release, reduce pollution aeration is easy Resembles the natural habitat of some fungi and bacteria SSF utilizs solid substrate, thus nutrient rich waste materials can be easily recycled as substrate  ADVANTAGES

6. SUBMERGED FERMENTATION Submerged fermentation is a method of cultivating microorganisms in liquid nutrient media. For industrial production, this implies growing the selected microorganism in closed vessels, called bioreactors, which contain nutrient broths.

7. ADVANTAGES OF SUBMERGED FERMENTATION Better heat and mass transfer can be achieved Better diffusion of microorganisms Commercially available in large scale Complex in operation, low yeild

8. DISADVANTAGES OF SUBMERGED FERMENTATION Expensive due to high cost of required media. Low volumetric productivity. More efflux is generated. Oxygen circulation is not so effective.

9. SOliD STATE FERMENTATION SUBMERGED FERMENATION Cultivation of microorganisms on soild state Cultivation of microorganisms on liquid state. Inoculum ratio is high Inoculum ratio is low Nutrient distribution is not even Nutrient distribution is evenly distributed Water content of the medium 40-80% Water content of the medium more than 95% Substrate is insoluble Substrate is soluble High volume effluent Almost nil effluent DIFFERENCE  BETWEEN SUBMERGED AND  SOLID STATE   FERMENTATION