micro-optic-theodolite.pdf

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SuzhouFOIFCo.,Ltd.
INSTRUCTIONMANUAL
J2-2
OpticalTheodolite

2. 2
DearCustomer:
Congratulations!We,FOIFareproudtopresentyouwithaJ2-2
opticaltheodolite.Yourtheodoliteisaruggedandreliable
instrumentwhoseperformanceanddesignarenotsurpassed.
Tofullyappreciateandprotectyourinvestment,wesuggest
thatyoutakethenecessarytimetoreadandfullyunderstand
thismanual.Wehaveadedicatedserviceorganization.Ifthe
needarises,pleasedon’thesitatetocallus.
Thankyouforyourtrustandconfidence.

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Productidentification
Themodelandtheserialnumberofyourproductareindicatedonthetypeplate.
Enterthemodelandtheserialnumberinyourmanualandalwaysrefertothis
informationwhenyouneedtocontactyouragencyorFOIFauthorizedservice
workshop.
Type:____________Serialno.:____________

4. 4
Contents
Applications 1
TechnicalData 1
Construction 3
Methodofoperation 8
TestingandAdjusting17
CareofInstruments 23
OptionalAccessories 24
Document 25

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Applications:
J2-2opticaltheodoliteisakindofprecisionangle-measuringinstrument.Itplaysa
veryimportantorleingeodesicsurveyandengineeringmeasurement,thereforeitis
widelyusedinthird-order,fourth-ordertrainglulation,building,roadwork,pipe
playing,trnnelling,mining,cadastralsurveyaswellasmachinetoolingand
installationetc.
Technicaldata:
Accuracy
Standarddeviationinhorizontaldirection
measured
atfaceleftandfaceright
±2″
Standarddeviationinverticalangles
measuredat
Faceleftandfaceright
±6″
Telescope erectimage
Clearobjectiveaperture 40mm
Magnification 30×

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Fieldofviewat1000m 24m
Shortestfocusingdistance 2m
Multiplicationfactor 100
Additiveconstant 0
GrassCircles 360°
Graduationdiameter:
HZcircle 90mm
Vcircle 70mm
GraduationintervalofHZandVcircles 20′
Smallestintervalofopticalmicrometer 1″
AutomaticVerticalIndex
Settingaccuracy ±0.3″
Workingrange ±0.3′
ReadingMicroscope
Magnification:
HZsystem 48×
Vsystem 62×
Bubblesensitivityper2mmrun

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Circularlevel 8′
Platelevel 20″
OpticalPlummet
Magnification 3×
Angularfieldofview 7°30
Focusingrange 0.3–6m
Weight
Netweight 6kg
Grossweight 9kg

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Nomenclature

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1.objective 15.verticalclamp
2.illuminationmirror 16.footscrew
3.pressbutton 17.illuminationmirror
4.cover 18.opticalplummet
5.opticalsight 19.cover
6.level 20.circularbubble
7.bayonetring 21.adjustmentscrew
8.adjustmentscrew 22.horizontaldrive
9.eyepieceofmicroscope 23.verticaldrive
10.eyepieceoftelescope 24.change-overknob
11.focusingsleeve 25.micrometerknob
12.adjustmentscrew 26.horizonatalclamp
13.platelevel 27.carryinghandle
14.Hzcircledrive
·5·

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Telescope:
Thetelescopegivesanerectimage.Theobjectiveisconstitutedbyacemented
doubletandaseparatelens.Theeyepiececonsistsofapairofsymmetricallenses.
Thiskindofconstructiongivesexcellentperformanceinimageformation,brightness
anddefinition.
Therearetwoopticalsightsonthetopandthebottomofthetelescoperespectively
sothattheyareusedfortheinitialpointingtoatargetinfaceleftaswellasface
rightobservations,whenusingelectricalilluminationfornightorundergroundwork,
thelightfromtheverticalcircleplug-inlampisthenreflectodoffamirrorinsidethe
telescopetowardsthereticle.
Onthesurfaceofthereticleistheprotectiveglass,shoulditbecontaiminated,itcan
stillbecleanedwithoutanyharmtothereticle.Afteraleftturnofthebayonetring,
theeyepiececanberemovedforexchangewithanothereyepiece.
StandingAxis
Thestandingaxissystemisofsemi-kinemictype.Thetopoftheaxisbushis
cone-shapedandcarriesaballbearings,theaxisstemfitsintothebushandis
centeredintheballbearingbytheweightofthealidade,sothattheplayhaslittle
effectontheverticalityofaxis.

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Theoutstandingadvantagesofthistypeofaxissystemaresmallfrictiontorque,
goodabradability.Ifthebushhasbeenweared,itwillstillremainserviceableafter
renewalofballbearing,andthechangeoftemperaturehaslittleeffectonthe
standingaxis.
ReadingSystem:
Inordertoeliminatetheerroneousinfluenceofaneccentricityofthecircle,itisread
attwodiametricallyopposedgraduationlinesbymeansoftwoprismscemented
intothealidade.Theopticalwedgeisemployedasthemicrometer
Theprincipleoftheopticalwedgemicrometeristhatwhenasingleraytraversesthe
opticalwedge,itemergesinanangletoitsoriginaldirection,butwithalateral
displacementoftheopticalwedge,thisangleofdeviationremainsunchanged,
thereforethepurposeofmicrometercanberealized.
AutomaticVerticalIndex
Theeffectontheverticalcirclereadingofanyresidualerrorinlevellingupis
eliminatedbytheautomaticindex.Theprincipleisthatwhenthestandingaxis
Inclinesslightly,thependulumwillswingthroughanangleintheoppositedirection
correspondingly,thereforethelightraysemergingfrompendulumdeviatesothat

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theeffectofinclinationofstandingaxisonthecirclereadingiseliminated.Thepress
buttonontheleftstandardchecksthefunctioningoftheautomaticindex.On
pressingthebutton,thegraduationlinesswingawayfromeachotherandthen
settlebacksmoothlytotheiroriginalposition.Theobserveristhencertainthatthe
automaticindexisfunctioning.Ifthegraduationlinesdonotsettlesmoothlytotheir
originalposition,butjerktoastop,theinstrumentisnotleveledupcorrectly.
MethodofOperation
Thisinstrumentcanbeusedwithathree-groovetribrach
1.Centring
1.1Centringwiththeplumbbob
Extendtripodlegssothatinstrumentwillbeatcomfortableheight.Pushbayonet
plugofplumbbobintofixingscrewandsecurebyturningtoright.Setuptripodso
thatplumbbobisovergroundpoint.Treadtripodshoesfirmlyintoground.
Openthecontainer.Liftoutinstrument,placeontripodandwithonehandstill
holdingtheinstrument,attachbymeansoftripodfixingscrew.Rotatethe
footscrews(16)tocentrethecirclebubble,slackencentralfixingscrewandmove
overtripodplateuntilplumbbobisexactlyovergroundmark.Retightenfixingscrew.

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Theinstrumentcanbecentredunderaplumbbobsuspendedfromarooforceiling
point,byliningupthetipoftheplumbbobwiththesmallpointanthecentreofthe
opticalsight.Beforedoingthistheinstrumentmustbeleveled-upandthetelescope
sethorizontal.
1.2Centringwithopticalplummet
Forprecisioncentring,theopticalplummetisused.Turneyepiece(18)ofoptical
plummetuntilcrosshairsareinfocus.Pullputtheopticalplummetuntilgroundpoint
isinfocus.Slackentripodfixingscrewandmoveinstrumentovertripodplateuntil
crosshairscoincidewithgroundmark.Turnthealidadethrough180°andcheck
centring.Centringagainandlevellingagainifnecessary.
2.Levellingup
2.1Levellingupwithplatelevel
Withhorizontalclampopen,turnalidadesothatplatelevel(13)isparalleltotheline
joininganytwofootscrewsAandBbyequalandoppositerotations.Turnthealidade
through90°inclockwisedirectionandcentrethebubblewithfootscrewC.Repeat
theprocedureuntilthebubbleremainsinthesame,throughnotnecessarilycentral
position,foralldirectionsofthealidade.Theplatelevelshouldbeprotectedfrom

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directsunraysasthesemaycausethebubbletorunoff.
2.2Levellingupwiththeautomaticindex
Provededtheinstrumentset-upisverystable,itispossibletolevelupwiththe
assistanceoftheautomaticindex.Withthismethod,levellinguptoabout±1″to
±2″ispossible,itisespeciallyusefulforhorizontalanglemeasurementwithsteep
sightsandforplumbing.
Levelupwithplatelevelthenproceedasfollows:
a.Withalidadeinanyposition,tightenverticalclampandthenreadverticalcircle.
Verticalclampanddrivemustnotbetouched.
b.Turnalidadethrough180°.Readverticalcircle.Computethemeanofthevertical
circlereadingstakeninstepsaandb.Now,setmicrometertogivetheminutesand
secondsofthismeanreading.
c.TurnalidadeuntiltelescopeisparalleltothelinejoininganytwofootscrewsAand
B.TurnAandBverycarefully,byequalandoppositerotations,untilthecircle
graduationlinesintopwindowofreadingmicroscopecoincide.Thatisuntilmean
verticalcirclereadingcalculatedinstepbisset.
d.Turnalidadethrough90°.TurnfootscrewCuntilcirclegraduationlinescoincide.
e.Repearuntilgraduationlinesareincoincidenceforallpositionsofthealidade,i.e.

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untilverticalcirclereadingremainsconstant.
3.Sighting
3.1Focusing
Pointtelescopetoskyoranuniformlylightsurface.Turneyepiece(10)untilcross
hairsaresharpandblack.Thedioptricscalenowindicatesthecorrectsettingforthe
observer’seye.Notereadingforfuturesetting.Slackenhorizontalandvertical
clamps.Pointtelescopetotargetbymeansofopticalsight.Tightenclamps.Look
throughtelescopeeyepieceandturnfocusingsleeve(11)untiltargetisseen.Set
crosshairsclosetotargetbyturningsleeveuntiltargetimageissharpandfreefrom
parallax.Ifthereisparallaxremovebyadjustingthefocusingslightly.During
observation,nofurtherfocusingisallowed.
4.Circlereading
Boththehorizontalcircleandverticalcirclearereadinthemicroscope.The
change-overknobisusedtoselecttherequiredcircle.Turnthechange-overknob
(24)clockwisetoitsstop,thehorizontalcircleisread,anticlockwise,thevertical
circle.Intheleftwindowisthemicrometerscale.Turntheeyepiece(9)of
microscopeuntilthereadingissharpandblack.

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4.1Horizontalcirclereading
Slackenhorizontalandverticalclamps(26,15),turnthealidade.Pointtelescopeto
targetmeansofopticalsight(5)tightenclamps.Setcrosshairsclosetotargetby
turninghorizontalandverticaldrives(22,23).Usedoublehairstraddlesthetargetif
thetargetissmallenough,otherwiseusesingleverticalhairsplitsthetaget.
Turnthechange-overknobtoitsstop,sothatthewhitelineontheknobis
horizontal.Openandturnthemirrorstowardsthelightsothatthefieldofviewof
readingmicroscopeisevenlyilluminated.
Theeyepieceofthereadingmicroscopeisturneduntilthecirclegraduationlinesare
infocus.Thecoveristhenopenedandthecircledrive(14)ispressedandturned
untiltherequiredreadingappears.Thecircledriveispulledout.Thecoverisnow

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closedtopreventanyaccidentaldisplacementofthecircle.
Themicrometerknob(25)mustnowbeturneduntilthegraduationlinescoincide
exactlywhenthemicrometerscaleisshowntoitsend,nofurtherturningisallowed
inordertoavoiddamagetothescale.
Note:Thelastturnoftheknobshouldbeclockwise.Intheleftorcentralpartofthe
topwindowareseenthewholedegreenumbers.Belowthisisthenumberfortens
ofminutes.Intheleftpartofthescaleseenthenumbersforminutes.Intheleftpart
ofthescaleseenthenumbersforminutesandright,tensofseconds.Thevalueof
onescaleintervalis1″.
Readinginthetopwindow150°00′Readinginthetopwindow74°40′
Readingintheleftwindow150°01′54″
Readingintheleftwindow74°47′16″
4.2Verticalcirclereading

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Turnthechange-overknobanticlockwisetoitsstopuntilthewhitelineisvertical,
openandturntheilluminationmirrorstowardsthelightsothatthefieldofviewof
readingmicroscopeisevenlyilluminated.Theverticalcircleisreadinexactlythe
samewayasthehorizontalcircle.
Theverticalangleaandtheindexerroriarecalculatedfrom:
a=(R–L–180°)/2 i=(R+L–360°)/2
R:ReadingatfacerightL:Readingatfaceleft
5.StadiaSurvey
Thereticalplatehasasetofstadiahairswithmultiplicationfactorof100.When
usedwitharod,thedistanceDfromstationtotargetcanbedecidedasfollows:
D=KL+C=100L

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L---rodsectionreadonbothstadiahairs
K---multiplicationfactorK=100
C---additativeconstantC=0
6.ElectricIllumination
Wherenaturallightconditionsareinadequateforreadingthecircles,plug-inlamps
areusedtoilluminatethedisplay.Whenusingelectricillumination,theillumination
mirrormustbereplacedbyaplug-inlamp,andtheleverundertheopticalsightmust
bepushedtowardsthetelescopeobjectiveuntilitreachesitsstop.Thelightfrom
theverticalcircleplug-inlampisthenreflectedoffamirrorinsidethetelescope
towardsthereticle.
Topreventunduebatterydischargewhennotinuse,switchoffthepowersupplyat
thebatterybox.
TestingandAdjusting
1.Platelevel
Levelupasdescribedbefore.Ifthebubblewillnotremaincenteredwithinone
divisionforallpositionsofthealidade,adjustasfollows:
1.1Withhorizontalclampopen,turnalidadesothatplatelevelisparalleltotheline
joininganytwofootscrewsAandB.CentrebubblebyturningAandBbyequaland

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oppositerotations.
1.2Turnthealidadethrough90°inaclockwisedirectionandcentrethebubblewith
footscrewC.
1.3Turnthealidadeclockwisethrough180°.Notethepositionofthebubble.Bring
thebubbletoapointhalfwaybetweenthispositionandthecentralpositionby
turningfootscrewC.Now,withanadjustingpin,carefullyturntheadjustmentscrew
(12)untilthebubbleiscentred.
1.4Repeatuntilbubbleremainscentredwithinonedivisionforpositiorofthe
alidade.

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2.HorizontalCollimationError
Ideallythelineofsightshouldbeperpendiculartothetiltingaxis.Anydeviation
fromtherightangleisknownasthehorizontalcollimationerrorC.
Todeterminehorizontalcollimationerror:
Leveluptheinstrument.Putinstrumentinfaceleftwithverticalhairsightawell
definedtarget.ReadthehorizontalcircleL,transittofaceright,sighttargetwith
verticalhair.TakethereadingR.Takethemeanasthecorrectvaluewithoutthe
influenceofhorizontalcollimationerror,thusL–R–180°=2C.Forangle
measurementwithJ2-2theodolite,2Cofless12″isusuallyacceptable.
Toadjust:
Theverticalhairisstillonthetargetwiththeinstrumentinfaceleft.Turnthe
micrometerknobandsetthecorrectvalueagainsttheindexofthemicrometerscale.
Nowturnthehorizontaldriveuntilthegraduationlinesgivingthefullcorrectvalue
areinexactcoincidence,thereadingisnowcorrectbuttheverticalhairwillbeno
longeronthetarget.Therearefourscrewsbytheeyepiece,theadjustmentis
carriedoutbymeansofthetwohorizontalscrews.Iftheverticalhairisleftofthe
target,unscrewtheadjustmentscrewontheleftsideoftheeyepiecebyasmall
amountandimmediatelyscrewintherightonbythesameamount(ifthehairsisof

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thereversewillapply)Turnthescrewsinthiswaybysmallandequalamounts,until
theverticalhaircoincideswiththetarget.

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3.IndexError
Withtheinstrumentinfaceleft,theverticalcircleshouldread90°00′00″or
270°00′00″whenthelineofsightishorizontal.Ifitdosenot,thedeviationisknown
astheindexerror.
Todeterminetheindexerror:
Levelupinstrument.Withinstrumentinfacerightbringhorizontalhairontoawell
definedtarget.TakeRreading,repeatinfaceleftandtakeLreading,thentheindex
errorisdeterminedas:
Forexample:L=86°14′35″R=273°43′57″
Theni=44″
CorrectvalueL=86°15′19″R=273°44′41″
ForanglemeasrementswithJ2-2theodolite,iofless15″isusuallyacceptable.
Toadjust:
Opencover(4)theadjustmentscrewfortheverticalindexisnowseen.The

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theodoliteisstillinfaceleftwithhorizontalhaironthetarget.Turnthemicrometer
knobandsetthecorrectvalue15′19″inexample,againsttheindexofthe
micrometerscale.Thenturntheadjustmentscrewuntilthecirclegraduations
coincidetogivethefullcorrectvalue86°15′19″intheexample.Closecover.Repeat
observationsandifnecessarytheadjustment.
4.Adjustmentoffootscrewsandhorizontalandverticaldrivescrews
Slackenthescrewwithascrewdriver.Theadjustmentiscarriedoutbymeansofthe
capstan-headedscrewwithanadjustingpin.
5.Adjustmentofopticalplummet
Leveluptheinstrument.Lookthroughplummet,focusandmovetheinstrumenton
theinstrumentonthetripoduntilthegroundmarkiswithinthecircleonthereticle.
Turnthealidadethrough180°.Ifthemarkrunsoutofthecircle,itneedsadjusting.
Toadjust:
Slackenthescrewabovetheopticalplummet,removethecover,tworoundheaded
screwsandagrubscrewareseen,slackenthetworoundheadedscrewsslightly.
Movetheprismcarrierbymeansoftworoundheadedscrews,andtilttheprism

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carrierbymeansofgrubscrewrespectivelyuntilthegroundmarkiswithinthesmall
circleonthereticlewiththealidadeatanyposition.Tightenthescrews.This
adjustmentshouldbecarriedouttothetargetsat1.5and0.8meters.
CareofInstruments
J2-2theodoliteisakindofprecisionopticalinstrument.Itisvitallyimportanttouse
theinstrumentproperly.Thefollowingisadvisable.
1.Openthecontainer.Liftoutinstrument,placeontripodandwithonehandstill
holdingtheinstrument,attachbymeansoftripodfixingscrew.Thefixingscrew
shouldnotbecovertighten.Closethecontainer.
2.Whennotinuse,theinstrumentshouldbekeptinthecontainer.Thestoreshould
bedustproof,havegoodaircirculationandlowhumidity.Thereisabagofsilicagel
inthecontainer.
3.IftheJ2-2istobeusedtothelimitofitsprecision,theplatelevelshouldbe
protectedfromdirectsunrays.
4.Blowdustofflensesthenwipeverycarefullywithcleancottonwooltoremove
moistureoroil.
5.Inextremecold,wheninstrumentistakenindoorsoroutdoors,don’tliftitout
immediately,butleaveitinthecontainerforawhile.

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6.Wipeawetinstrumentcarefully.Removeitfromcontainerandallowittodryout
completely.Neverkeepawetinstrumentinthecontainer.Thishelpstoprevent
mildew.
Optionalaccessories:
Plumbbob Opticalplummet
Adjustingpin Opticalupwardplumet
Tripod Targetplate
Brush Pillarplate
Screwdriver Opticaldownwardplummet
Objectivecover Eyepieceprism
Cottonwool Diagonaleyepiece
Plug-inlamp Penta-prism
Bulbs
Document:
InstructionsforUse
Certificate
PackingList

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Modificationsresultingfromtechnicaldevelopmentsmaybemadeinthe
interestofourcustomers.Thusillustrations,specificationsand
cataloguereferencesarenothintingandaresubjecttochangewithout
notice.

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SuzhouFOIFCo.,Ltd.
TEL:[phone]
FAX:[phone]
http://www.foif.com.cnorhttp://www.foif.cn
E-mail:[email protected]
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CERTIFICATEDFIRM
CertificateNo.QSC-5112