MICRO PERSPECTIVE OF TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY.pptx

Micro

1. MICRO PERSPECTIVE OF TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY

2. Learning Outcomes: 1. Explain the relationship of tourism and hospitality 2. Compare tourism and hospitality with other industries; and 3. Appreciate the importance of tourism and hospitality

3. Tourism and hospitality is one of the world’s largest and fastest-growing industries. It contributes greatly to global economic development. The components of this large industry may be independent and competitive businesses; yet, they are interrelated and interdependent. The components of the tourism and hospitality network are: food and beverage services, lodging services, recreation and entertainment services, and travel and tourism services. Tourism and hospitality is an important human activity with economic, social, cultural, and educational significance. More importantly, it is important vehicle for attaining global peace.

4. The Relationship of Tourism and Hospitality The tourism and hospitality industries strongly affect one another. Several associations and industry leaders consider the combined industries of tourism and hospitality as one large industry – the tourism and hospitality industry. The components of this large industry include: 1. Food and Beverage Services, 2. Lodging Services, 3. Recreational Services and 4. Travel Related (Tourism) Services. The components constitute the tourism and hospitality networks. “Networks” means a complicated interconnection of parts or components.

5. The Tourism and Hospitality Network

6. The components of the tourism and hospitality network may be independent and competitive business; yet, they are interrelated and interdependent. The interdependence among the components is strong especially in those countries which rely on tourism and hospitality for their economic development. Although the components of the tourism and hospitality network are constantly changing in connection with labor, opportunity, and growth, the network will continue to dominate as a global industry.

7. 1. The Food and Beverage Component The public looks for food and beverage service everywhere – in hotels, motels, airlines, airports, cruise ships, trains and shopping malls. There are commercial restaurants that provide food and beverage services such as fast service restaurants, ethnic restaurants, and specialty restaurants. Aside from restaurants, taverns, bars, kiosks, vending machines, supermarkets, food stalls, food carts and food trucks now offer food and beverage services. These are found everywhere.

8. 2. The Lodging Components Lodging involves providing overnight or even long-term services to guests. For many people, lodging is a place to sleep. For others, lodging facilities not only provide beds but also entertainment and recreational facilities. Hence the lodging industry component has begun to accommodate several customer preferences – from budget motels to luxury hotels and expensive resorts. Lodging facilities such us inns, motor hotels, lodges. There lodging establishments that use different terms such as bed and breakfast, resort hotel, resort condominium, conference center and time-sharing. In other countries, there are lodging establishments such as paradors pensione, chateau, ryokan.

9. 3. Recreation and Entertainment Components Entertainment originated from the traditional duties of a host to entertain his or guests. Whether they are neighbors or travelers from other places. The host has always felt an obligation to attend to the needs of his or her guests not only for food and beverages and lodging, but also for entertainment. Nowadays, the concept of entertaining guests is broader. Guests are offered different kind of entertainment and recreational activities such as golf, tennis, hiking, boating, swimming, handball, casino gambling, and concerts.

10. 4. Travel and Tourism Components Travel and Tourism are used together as an umbrella term refers to those businesses that provide primary services to travelers. These may include not only food and beverage services, recreation and entertainment services, but also transportation services, and the services of travel agencies and tour operators.

11. 5. Transportation The main purpose of transportation is to make it possible for people to go from one place to another. There are many ways to do this, from the primitive and simple to the modern and complex. The common means of transportation are automobiles, recreational vehicles (RVs), buses, trains, ships, and airlines.

12. 6. Travel Agencies and Tour Operators Travel agencies and tour operators are modern addition to the travel and tourism world. Both have become important in the survival of many businesses in the tourism and hospitality industry.

13. Travel Agent one who sells travel services in a travel agency. He or she sells travel services that are assembled by others into packages. In the travel business, a package is a bundle of related travel services offered to a buyer at a single price.

14. Tour Operators are wholesalers who make the necessary contacts with hotels, airlines, and other providers of travel services and devise packages which will appeal to retail buyers.

15. Definition of Tourism

16. Professors Hunziker and Krapf of Berne University, Switzerland define tourism as the “sum of the phenomena and relationship arising from the travel and stay of nonresidents, insofar as they do not lead to permanent residence and are not connected to any earning activity.” This definition distinguishes tourism from migration, which involves taking up permanent residence. Since it necessarily both travel and stay, it excludes day tours.

17. Tourism in the pure sense is essentially pleasure activity in which money earned in one’s abode is spent in paces visited. In this sense, tourism represents a particular form of leisure and a particular form of recreation but does not include all uses of leisure and all forms of recreation. It includes much travel, but not all forms of travel. Tourism therefore, is distinguished from the concepts of leisure and recreation on one hand, and from travel and migration on the other hand.

18. Definition of Hospitality The definition of Hospitality is derived from the Latin word “ hospitare ”, which means to receive as a guest. This phrase implies that a host is prepared to meet a guest’s requirements while the guest is away from home. The of a guest in these circumstances are food, beverages, lodging, or shelter. Several related words come from Latin root, including hospital, hospice and hostel. In each of these words, the principal meaning is a host who receives , welcomes, and caters to the needs of people who are temporarily away from their homes.

19. Meaning of Tourist In 1937, the League of Nations defines “tourist’ as follows: “A tourist is a person who visits a country other than in which he or she usually resides for a period of at least 24 hours.” This was held to include persons travelling for pleasure, domestic reasons or health, person travelling to meetings or on business, and persons visiting a country on a cruise vessel even if for less than 24 hours.

20. In 1963, a United Nations Conference on International Travel and Tourism recommended a new definition of a “visitor” as “any person visiting a country other than that of earning money.” This definition covers two classes of visitors:

21. 1. Tourists Temporary visitors stayings at least 24 hours, whose purpose could be classified as leisure, such as recreation, holiday health, study, religion, or sport, business, family, mission and meeting .

22. 2. Excursionists Temporary visitors staying less than 24 hours in the destination visited and not making an overnight stay, including cruise travelers, but excluding travelers in transit.

23. Characteristics of Tourism and Hospitality

24. 1. In tourism and hospitality, the product is not brought to the consumer; rather the consumer has to travel and go to the product to purchase it. In other industries, an item manufactured in a factory is brought to the wholesaler and retailer and ultimately to the consumer. 2. The products of tourism and hospitality are not used up; thus they do not exhaust the country’s resources. The products of other industries have a limited life and at the end of it are either junked or replaced with new ones. 3. Tourism and hospitality industry is a labor-intensive industry. It requires more manpower than other industries. 4. Tourism and hospitality is a people-oriented. It is primarily concerned with people. One of the most important motivations of tourists is to meet other people and see how other people live

25. 5. Tourism and hospitality is a multidimensional phenomenon. It is dependent on many and varied activities which are separated but interdependent. 6. The tourism and hospitality industry is seasonal. During vacation seasons, millions of tourists travel, which result in increased revenues for several tourism agencies; but when vacations are over, these companies experience a big decline in revenues. 7. The industry is dynamic. It is characterized by the changing ideas and attitudes of its customers and therefore must be always prepared and willing to adjust to these changes.

26. Importance of Tourism and Hospitality

27. 1. Contribution to the balance of payments . Tourism and Hospitality can help correct the balance of payments and deficits of many countries by earning the much-needed foreign currency in international trade.

28. 2. Dispersion of development. International tourism and hospitality is best means to spread wealth among countries; thus, bridging the economic gap between the rich and the poor nations.

29. 3. Effect on general economic development Expenditures by tourist can have beneficial effect on all economic sector and can lead to the development of different industries and other economic activities.

30. 4. Employment opportunities Tourism and Hospitality is a source of employment. It is a service industry, which could have a significant effect on those countries with surplus labor such as the Philippines. For countries where there is a high rate of unemployment and underemployment, tourism and hospitality can provide a ready solution.

31. 5. Social benefits Social exchange takes place when tourist come in contact with the inhabitants of the places they visit. Their social background and their presence affect the social structure and way of life of the local residents. In the same ways, tourists are also affected by the experience so they often carry them new habits and a new outlook on life when they return home.

32. 6. Cultural enrichment Tourism and Hospitality emphasizes a sharing and appreciation of cultures rather that the lack of trust brought about by isolation. Through tourism and hospitality, we can appreciate the rich human and cultural diversity that the world offers and evolve mutual trust and respect for one another and the dignity of life on earth.

33. 7. Educational significance Tourism and Hospitality enhances one’s education. International conferences and seminars and study trips held each year enable people of all nations to exchange ideas, propose solution to problems and share their concerns

34. 8. A vital force for peace A properly designed and developed tourism and hospitality can help bridge that psychological and cultural distances that separate people of different races, colors, religions, and stages of social and economic development.

35. Factors affecting the Industry

36. Tourism

37. Environment at Destination Tourism is in its best form when the destination boasts of conducive climate. In contrast, any undesired changes in the environment such as high winds, flash floods, drought, and extreme climate can affect tourism adversely.

38. Economy of the Country When a country is undergoing economic turbulence and when people are facing unemployment issues, tourism is affected adversely. On the contrary, when a country’s economy is doing well and people can afford to spend money on leisure, tourism progresses.

39. Historical or Cultural Importance of Destination The place or destination of travel affects the tourism business to a great extent. If the destination is of great historical or cultural significance then tourists will certainly like to visit the place for seeing monuments, castles, forts, ancient architecture, sculptures, caves, antic paintings and utensils, clothes, weapons, ornaments, and other allied heritage.

40. Research Importance of Destination There are tourists who visit places with the objective of studies and exploration. Need for research promotes tourism. Archeologists, Geologists, Oceanographers, Biologists and Zoologists, Architects, and People researching Arts and Cultures seek places that have great significance in the field of research.

41. Religious Importance of Destination The places of religious importance or worship are always flooded with tourists. At these places, tourism is at its peak at particular time periods in a year. The tourists often go on pilgrimage to find inner peace and invoke blessings of the deities they worship and to cleanse their sins before death.

42. Technology Internet has penetrated to almost every corner of the world. Tourists are enjoying the benefits of Internet. While planning a tour, the tourists try to get the idea about the places they are going to visit, the quality of amenities and services, and the attractions at the destination. After visiting a destination, the experienced tourists share their opinions on various platforms of the Internet. Thus, the reviews of experienced tourists shared on the internet work as guidelines for the following tourists. Hence, just like a double-edged sword, the Internet can boost as well as bring down the tourism business.