Micropropagation or plant tissue culture and types

Micropropagation refers to the in vitro multiplication and/or regeneration of plant material under aseptic and controlled environmental conditions to produce thousands or millions of plants for transfer to the field.

1. MICROPROPAGATION
B.sc. (Hons) Biotechnology
1st year
Presented by Ramneet kaur
246088

2. 1 Micropropagation
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Stages or steps of
Micropropagation
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Types of Micropropagation
Callus culture
Somatic Embryogenesis
Protoplast culture
Suspension culture
Meristem culture
Topics!

3. MICROPROPAGATION
#What is Micropropagation ?
•Micropropagation is a
technique that involves
growing new plants from small
pieces of plant tissue
(explants) in a laboratory
setting
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4. Key points
Let's learn!!
Micropropagation is also
known as Clonal
propagation
Multiple copies of plants
can be produced
Disease free plants can be
produced
Micropropagation is
used for germplasm
storage and the
protection of
endangered species.
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5. Stages of
Micropropaga
tion
Stage 0
Selection of an explant
Stage I
Culture initiation and establishment
Stage II
Shoot multiplication
Stage III
Rooting of shoots
Stage IV
Acclimatisation of Tissue culture
Plantlets
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2
3
4
5
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7. Types of
Micropropagation
T Y P E S
Callus culture
Somatic
embryogenesis
Protoplast
culture
Suspension
culture
Meristem
culture
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8. •An undifferentiated mass produced from an explant of a
plant in a nutrient medium under aseptic conditions is
called as Callus Culture
Callus Culture!
•Gottlieb Haberlandt established the first
callus root or embryo cultures at the
beginning of the 20th century.

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9. • Callus culture can be used to generate
pathogen free plants
• Callus cultures can be used to study cell
types cellular selection, and somatic
embryogenesis
• Callus cultures can be used as a source of
cells for genetically manipulating
plant genomes.
Applications
Of Callus Culture
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10. The formation of embryo from somatic cell under
aseptic conditions or invitro is called Somatic
Embryogenesis
Applications
Somatic Embryogenesis!
Plant propagation
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2
3
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Germplasm conservation
Virus elimination
Synthetic seeds
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11. ~Types~
DIRECT INDIRECT
No Callus stage
Auxin+Cytokinin
• Callusing occurs
• Auxin
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13. Protoplast culture!
Protoplast culture is a
plant tissue culture
technique that involves
growing whole plants from
plant cells that have had
their cell walls removed
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14. Applications
Protoplasts can be
used for gene
editing techniques
Regeneration of
entire plant or
plant improvement
through protoplast
culture
Single cell cloning
can be easily
performed with
protoplast culture
To develop Novel
hybrid plant
through
protoplast fusion
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15. A type of cell
culture in which
multiplication of
cells take place in
liquid agitated
medium
Suspension Culture!
~Applications~
•Suspension cultures are used to produce large
quantities of biologics, vaccines, and viral
vectors.
For example, they can be used to produce
monoclonal antibodies for Cancer treatment,
Insulin for diabetes etc. .
•Plant cell suspensions are used to produce
secondary metabolites that are bioactive and
can be used in drugs.
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16. Meristem culture!
Meristem culture is a type of tissue culture
technique used in labs to eliminate viruses and
other parasites while growing plants in vitro.
This technique was first reported
by Morel and Martin in 1952.
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18. Applications
By isolating meristematic
cells from a healthy
plant and growing them
in a culture medium.
1. Disease free
plants
It has applications in
germplasm conservation
of endangered plants
2. Germplasm
conservation
3. Virus-free plants
This technique is
useful in producing
virus-free plants
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19. Thank You