migratiojgggjgjgjggjjgjgjn - for std.pptx

hfh

1. MIGRATION Chapter:2

2. Learning objectives We will able to know about Immigration and emigration Push and pull factors of migration The types of migration Challenges a country might face due to the influx of refugees. Possible benefits to the country that receives immigrants. Benefits migrant workers bring to the country of origin. Brain drain and its adverse effects on the country of origin.

3. What is migration? Migration is the permanent movement of persons from one geographical location or region to another.

4. These coins have two sides, heads and tails. Together they make up the whole coin. So is it with MIGRATION . There are two sides : EMIGRATION and IMMIGRATION . Together they make up migration.

5. Immigration and E migration This is when persons move from one country to another country permanently for example if people from Bangladesh move to the USA then For USA , it is termed as immigration, whereas for Bangladesh it is termed as emigration. Good bye Jamaica I E

6. Factors affecting migration Push factors – things that cause persons to leave their residences. Pull factors – things that cause persons to come into new areas.

7. Push Factors What are some of the reasons that “push” people away from home ….??

8. War Crime and violence Poor educational opportunities Limited or no jobs

9. Lack of basic infrastructure – housing, water, light, roads etc. Low wages/salaries. Limited or no recreational facilities. Lack of technologies.

10. Pull Factors What are some of the reasons that “pull” people to other countries….??

11. Availability of jobs. Technological advancements Availability of recreational facilities High wages

12. Political stability Low crime rate Proper infrastructure – roads, telephone/internet, housing, electricity etc.

13. Net Migration - R efers to the difference between the number of immigrants and emigrants in a country in a particular year.

14. Calculating net migration

15. Activity: It was reported that about 12,000 persons emigrated from Bangladesh to settle in Canada during the course of last year. During that same year, the country of Bangladesh accommodated 7,200 persons who came to settle. Calculate the net migration.

16. Calculation : What can we say about the net migration of this country?

17. Types of migration

18. When some one leaves his country to go to another we call that overseas or international migration.

19. International migration International migration can be divided into two types- voluntary and forced migration. voluntary migration is the free movement of migrants looking for an improved quality of life and personal freedom. To be with friends and relatives Better climate To earn a higher salary. Forced migration : When the migrant has no personal choice but has to move due to natural disaster or to economic or social imposition. Religious /political persecution Lack of food due to famine Natural disaster such as: flood, drought

20. When people move from place to place within a country, we call that internal migration

21. When people leave rural areas (country-sides) to go to urban areas (towns and cities), we call that rural to urban migration.

22. Feedback questions Define the following key words. Try to give one example for each type of migration with your explanation Forced Voluntary Internal International It was reported that about 9,800 persons emigrated from India to settle in USA during the course of last year. During that same year, the country of India accommodated 10 ,200 persons who came to settle. Calculate the net migration.

23. Refugee A refugee is a displaced person who has been forced to cross national boundaries and who cannot return home safely. A person who has been forced to leave their country because of escape war, persecution , violence or natural disaster. Two-thirds of all refugees worldwide come from just five countries: Syria, Afghanistan, South Sudan, Myanmar and Somalia.

24. Asylum seekers An asylum seeker is a person who flees their home country, enters another country and applies for asylum whose claim has not yet been finally decided on by the country in which he or she has submitted it. An  asylum seeker  is seeking international protection. Example: The asylum seekers of Syria, Myanmar

25. Economic Migrant An economic migrant is someone who emigrates from one region to another, including crossing international borders, seeking an improved standard of living, because the conditions or job opportunities in the migrant's own region are insufficient. Economic migrants  include those who come with the required visas and documentation as well as those whose status is undocumented.

26. Brain drain Brain drain is a problem described as the large scale migration of highly educated, skilled and talented people of less economically advanced countries to highly rich and developed countries of the world. As a result, the following problems are faced by the countries of origin: Doctors, Engineers, scientists & students leave for the industrialized world. The country loses the best brains it needs for its trade and industrial development.  Loss of tax revenues by the home country