Milch cattle breeds in India

India ranks first in milk production in world. Milk acts a very essential socio economic commodity for the people. So, the demand of Milch cattle breeds is quiet obvious in India.

1. The milch breeds are ponderous in build with pendulous dewlap and sheath and have lateral and often curved horns. Gir , Sahiwal , Red Sindhi and Deoni are some of the outstanding breeds of this category INTRODUCTION

2. Synonym is Bhodali , Desan , Gujarati, Kathiawari , Sorthi , and Surati Originated from Gir forests of South Kathiawar in Saurashtra . Gir cows are good milk yielders being 3,175 kg in a lactation period of 325 days. Well maintained herds yield 1,675 kg. Daily milk yield varies from 4-7 kg/day. The bullocks are heavy, powerful but medium paced in movement . Horns have half-moon appearance. Girs are also one of the best beef cattle of India and are exported to tropical countries for grading purpose. Long and pendulous ears folded like a leaf. Ears hang all the time and their inside face forward . Gir is a world-renowned breed known for its tolerance to stress conditions. GIR

3. Gir cow with pendulous dewlap

4. Gir bullocks

5. Popularly known as Lambi Bar, Lola, Montgomery, Multani and Teli . Originated from Montgomery district of Pakistan. This breed is high milk yielder and thrives well in all parts of India. The average milk yield varies from 2,725 to 3175 kg in a lactation period of 325 days. Bullocks of this breed are lethargic and are used for slow work. Pedigree of this breed is also in great demand in other tropical countries. Pale red colour, short horns and loose skin . Because of its desirable traits, it is being utilised widely in many warm humid countries of the world for improvement of local stock  SAHIWAL

6. Sahiwal cow

7. Sahiwal bull

8. Otherwise called as Red Karachi or Mahi . Sindhi cows are the most economical milk producers and 2 nd to that of Sahiwal . Originated from kohistan , sindh province in present Pakistan. Average milk yield is 1,725 kg. Owing to small size, adaptability to varying climatic conditions and capacity to resist common diseases, Sindh cattle are largely used in India for grading up local stock in some parts of the Country. Red Sindhi

9. In Gauriakarma , in  Hazaribagh  in the Indian state of Jharkhand, a farm was established to maintain the  germplasm  of Red Sindhi cattle.

10. Red sindhi cow

11. It is found in western and north-western parts of Andhra Pradesh. It resembles Gir in size and spotted body. Cows of this breed are moderately good milkers . Average milk production is 1,580 kg. Deoni b ullocks are suitable for heavy work. Pure strain of this breed is available in the farms at Udgir . DEONI

12. Body colour is usually spotted black and white. This breed has three strains viz. 1- Complete white( Balankya ). 2.- Comlete white with partial black face ( Wannera ). 3-Black and white spotted( Waghyd or Shevera ). Black and white spotted body colour, drooping ears, prominent and slightly bulging forehead

13. Deoni cow

14. Deoni bulls

15. Breeds Age at first calving(days) Dry period(days) Service period (days) Gestation period (days) Calving interval(days) Gir 1401-1434 207-230 155-169 281 511-630 Sahiwal 1201-1250 148-160 150-160 286 439-580 Red Sindhi 1220-1260 145-152 142-154 283 425-540 Deoni 1380 173 170 277 477 Reproductive Performances of Milch breeds

16. http://210.212.93.85/agris/breed.aspx https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deoni_(cattle) Singh, G., Gaur, G. K., Nivsarkar , A. E., Patil, G. R., & Mitkari , K. R. (2002). Deoni cattle breed of India. A study on population dynamics and morphometric characteristics.  Animal Genetic Resources Information ,  32 , 35-43. Livestock Production Management by Thomas and Sashtry REFERENCES

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