Mission Indradhanush Initiative by Goverment

Mission Indradhanush is Govt initiative for vaccination

1. Strengthening india’s immunization program for a healthier future Mission indradhanush Dr Chhagan Charan, CTO, 2 ( Har ) Air Sqn Assistant Professor, ECE Department N ational Institute of Technology, Kurukshetra

2. Initiative of Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India on 25th December of 2014. It was launched by Union Health Minister J.P. Nadda. Immunization of all children below 2 years of age and pregnant women against vaccine preventable diseases. What is mission indradhanush?

3. Started to fully immunize either Unvaccinated (left out) or Partially Vaccinated (drop out) or those who have not been covered (missed out). Catch-up campaign mode is used to cover all the children who have been left out /missed out.

4. I ndradhanush depicting 7 colours of Rainbow for prevention against seven vaccine preventable childhood diseases Initially included 7 diseases: why the mission indradhanush Sr. No. Name of Diseases Name of Vaccine 1 Childhood TB BCG 2 Polio OPV/IPV 3 Hepatitis B Hepatitis B/ Pentavalent 4 Diphtheria DPT/ Pentavalent 5 Pertussis DPT/ Pentavalent 6 Tetanus DPT/ Pentavalent 7 Measles MR

5. Recently included 5 diseases: Sr. No. Name of Diseases Name of Vaccine 8 H - I nfluenza type B In Pentavalent 9 Rota Rota V 10 Pneumonia PCR 11 Rubella In MR 12 Japanese Encephalitis JE

6. VACCINE PREVENTABLE DISEASES Diphtheria Tetanus Tuberculosis

7. Intensified Mission Indradhanush (IMI) Encouraged by the success of Mission Indradhanush and to further intensify the immunization programme, Prime Minister Narendra Modi launched the “Intensified Mission Indradhanush (IMI)” on October 08, 2017 . Total 12 diseases are covered Aim was to cover all left outs & drop-outs with low routine immunization coverage till 2020. It aimed to achieve 90% Full Immunisation Coverage (FIC) with focus towards districts and urban areas with persistently low levels.

8. Focus on Children (up to 2 year age ) & Pregnant women who missed routine immunization dose (& with vaccination on demand for children < 5 years of age) 4 rounds (4 months) of immunization to be held for 7 days per month (i.e. 7 th to 13 th of each month) Areas identified for I.M.I . Areas with vacant sub-centres (no ANM posted or ANM absent from >3 months) Unserved/Low coverage pockets (Due to vaccine hesitancy & sub-centre/ ANM catering much higher population than normal Areas with > 3 consecutive missed routine immunization sessions.

9. New mobile app for IMI is launched viz.now merged with kilkari app Urban slums : with migratory population Nomadic sites : brick kilns/ construction sites Migrants' Settlements : fishermen/riverine areas with shifting population Underserved & hard to reach population : with forest, tribal &hilly areas Areas with low routine immunizations coverage : identified through Measles outbreak or case of Diphtheria or Neonatal tetanus in last 2 years High risk Areas:-

10. What is Herd Immunity? The term "herd immunity" refers to a means of protecting a whole community from disease by immunizing a critical mass of its populace . Vaccination protects more than just the vaccinated person. By breaking the chain of an infection's transmission, vaccination can also protect people who haven't been immunized.

11. Rationale for Mission Indradhanush HISTORY 1978 Immunization program ( Expanded programme of Immunization) 1985 Universal I immunization P rogramme (UIP)

12. HISTORY Full Immunization coverage 12-23 months Evaluation surveys

13. Phase V- All districts across the country Phase V - 190 low performing districts Phase IV - The fourth phase of Mission Indradhanush covered North- eastern states - Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, Sikkim and Tripura from 7th February 2017. It was rolled out in rest of the country in April 2017. Phase III - 216 districts Phase II - 352 districts Phase I - 201 districts Mission Indhradhanush - Districts covered

14. Journey of Mission Indradhanush PHASE 1 PHASE 2 PHASE 3 PHASE 4 April- July 2015 201 districts October 2015- January 2016 352 districts 73 districts repeated from Phase- 1 279 districts April- July 2016 4 intensified immunization rounds 216 districts 199. Districts repeated from phase 1/2 Feb - May 2017 in NE states ,68 districts, 60 districts repeated from phase 1,2,3 April to July 2017 in 19 other state , 186 districts, 163 districts repeated from phase 1,2,3 The country was categorized into high, medium and low focus districts A total of 528 districts covered during the various 4 phases of Mission Indradhanush from 2015-2017

15. On February 19, 2020, the Central Government launched IMI 3.0 to further extend the coverage of the national immunization programme. Intensified Mission Indradhanush (IMI) 3.0

16. Focused on the children and pregnant women who have missed their vaccine doses during the COVID- 19 pandemic. It consisted of two rounds from February, 2021 and March 2021. Each round was conducted for 15 days. Under IMI 3.0, 250 districts across 29 states/UTs were covered. During Intensified Mission Indradhanush (IMI) 3.0, around 9.58 lakh children and 2.24 lakh pregnant women were vaccinated.

17. The COVID- 19 pandemic had disrupted essential immunization services due to multiple reasons. Thus, to catch up on gaps that might have emerged due to the pandemic, “Intensified Mission Indradhanush 4.0” was launched by the Government of India on February 07, 2022. Under IMI 4.0, the immunization drives were conducted in 416 districts ( including 75 districts identified for Azadi ka Amrit Mahotsav ) across 33 States/UTs in the country. Intensified Mission Indradhanush (IMI) 4.0

18. Under IMI 4.0, three vaccination programmes were conducted in three rounds from February 2022 to May 2022. Total 59.99 lakh children and 15.31 lakh pregnant women were vaccinated under IMI 4.0.

19. IMI 5.0 campaign with special focus on improvement of Measles and Rubella vaccination coverage, was conclude d all three rounds on 14 October 2023. IMI 5.0 is being conducted across all the districts in the country and includes children up to 5 years of age Intensified Mission Indradhanush 5.0

20. As on 30th september 2023 , over 34 lakh children and 6 lakh pregnant women were administered vaccine doses during the first 2 rounds of IMI 5.0 campaign across the country.

21. Strategy for Mission Indradhanush 4 Basic elements, Meticulous planning of campaigns/sessions at all levels Effective communication and social mobilization efforts Intensive training of the health officials and frontline workers Establish accountability framework through task forces

22. Mission indradhanush is a drive spread over 7 days. Did not include the routine immunization days planned in that week Improved microplanning, monitoring, social mobilization and strengthened vaccination systems (especially in areas with inadequate staff numbers) Period and programme approach

23. Reach out all identified areas which have no/infrequent routine immunization sessions. Deploying of ANMs Coordination between District immunization officer, urban nodal officer with block medical officers Mission Indradhanush sessions in district

24. Head count survey House to house visits Conducted by ASHA/AWW/mobilizer Utilized for preparation of name- based due lists for tracking and mobilization of beneficiaries Due lists for subsequent Mission Indradhanush rounds were updated

25. Sites for vaccination Availability of human resources Timings: 9:00 am to 4:00 pm. Team: One vaccinator and two mobilizers Fixed and outreach sessions

26. Peri- urban areas Scattered slums Brick kilns Construction sites etc . Mobile sessions

27. A need based communication and social mobilization activities were planned to achieve the following objectives: Demand generation through increased visibility advocacy through media professional bodies and political leadership Communication planning

28. Capacity building of immunization workforce on communication Social mobilization through interpersonal communication, school and youth networks and corporates Concurrent monitoring of communication interventions

29. Results

30. In spite of repeated phases of Mission Indradhanush Full Immunisation coverage in selected districts/cities showed slow progress Sluggish increase in urban areas as compared to rural areas

31. Thank You