Mitosis and meiosis

Mitosis and meiosis
# 2 types of cell division
# definition of meiosis
# phases of meiosis
# definition of mitosis
# stages of mitosis
# different between mitosis and meiosis
# similarities between mitosis and meiosis

1. Mitosis and Meiosis Presented By : Khushbu’s Microbiology

2. Mitosis in  cell biology mitosis ( maɪˈtoʊsɪs ) : a part of the cell cycle  in which replicated chromosomes are separated into two new nuclei. Cell division gives rise to genetically identical cells in which the total number of chromosomes is maintained.

3. Meiosis Greek word -meaning " lessening” special type of  cell division of germ cell  in  sexually- reproducing  organisms used to produce the  gametes such as  sperm or   egg cells. It involves two rounds of division that ultimately result in four cells with only one copy of each paternal and maternal c chromosome   -haploid.  

4. Meiotic phases

5. Me Meiosis Mitosis Type of Reproduction Sexual Asexual Occurs in Humans, animals, plants, fungi. All organisms. Genetically Different Identical Crossing Over Yes, mixing of chromosomes can occur. No, crossing over cannot occur. Definition A type of cellular reproduction in which the number of chromosomes are reduced by half through the separation of homologous chromosomes, producing two haploid cells. A process of asexual reproduction in which the cell divides in two producing a replica, with an equal number of chromosomes in each resulting diploid cell. Pairing of Homologs Yes No Function Genetic diversity through sexual reproduction. Cellular reproduction and general growth and repair of the body. Number of Divisions 2 1 Number of Daughter Cells produced 4 haploid cells 2 diploid cells Chromosome Number Reduced by half. Remains the same. Steps (Meiosis 1) Prophase I, Metaphase I, Anaphase I, Telophase I ; (Meiosis 2) Prophase II, Metaphase II, Anaphase II and Telophase II. Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase. Karyokinesis Occurs in Interphase I. Occurs in Interphase. Cytokinesis Occurs in Telophase I and in Telophase II. Occurs in Telophase. Centromeres Split The centromeres do not separate during anaphase I, but during anaphase II. The centromeres split during anaphase. Creates Sex cells only: female egg cells or male sperm cells. Makes everything other than sex cells. Discovered by Oscar Hertwig Walther Flemming

6. Similarities Mitosis and meiosis : two ways by which cells reproduce. Meiosis adds another division and a step that mixes the genetic material from the parent cells, but in both cases the cell must duplicate its DNA, pull it apart into two sets, place the sets on each end of itself, and then divide down the middle. Both mitosis and meiosis produce fresh new cells based on their parent cells' genes.

7. THANKS