Mobile Application Development-Lecture 01 & 02.pdf

Bscs Course

1. Mobile Application Development
(ITEC-303)
Fahim Abid
[email protected]
[email protected]

2. Credits Hours 3(3,0)
Recommended Books
1.ProfessionalAndroidapplicationdevelopment,RetoMeier,WroxProgrammerto
Programmer,2015.
2.AndroidProgramming:TheBigNerdRanchGuides,Phillips,B.&Hardy,B.,2nd
Edition,2014.
3.iOSProgramming:TheBigNerdRanchGuide,Conway,J.,Hillegass,A.,&Keur,C.,
5thEdition,2014.

3. Mobile Application Development Platform (MADP)
Amobileapplicationdevelopmentplatform(MADP)isatypeof
softwarethatallowsaindividualorcompaniestorapidlybuild,test
anddeploymobileappsforsmartphones.
MADPprovidersincludeAppleXcode,AndroidStudio,Kinveyetc.
Kinveyofferscross-platformdevelopmentforbothiOSandAndroid,
whileAppleXcodeandAndroidStudioonlybuildappsintheir
respectiveenvironments.

4. Operating Systems for Smartphones (Mobile)
•Android
•iOS
•Symbian
•Windows Mobile
•Blackberry OS

5. Android
AndroidisanoperatingsystembasedontheLinuxkernel,anddesignedprimarilyfor
touchscreenmobiledevicessuchassmartphonesandtabletcomputers.
Androidisanopensourcesoftwarestackformobiledevicesthatincludesanoperating
system,middlewareandapplications.
InitiallydevelopedbyAndroid,Inc.,whichGooglebackedfinanciallyandlaterboughtin
2005.
TheprojectresponsiblefordevelopingtheAndroidsystemiscalledtheAndroidOpen
SourceProject(AOSP)andisprimarilyleadbyGooglewithOpenHandheldAlliance
(OHA).
Androidwasunveiledin2007.ThefirstpubliclyavailablesmartphonerunningAndroid,
theHTCDream,wasreleasedonOctober22,2008.

6. Androidisthemostpopularoperatingsystemintheworld,withover2.5billionactive
usersspanningover190countries.
Inendof2021,thenumberofmobileappsavailabletoAndroidusersviatheGooglePlay
Storeexperiencedaconstantincrease,reaching4.67millionappsduringthelastquarter
of2021.
Open Handset Alliance (OHA)
Android is developed by a partnership of developers known as the Open Handset Alliance
and commercially sponsored by Google. It was disclosed in November 2007, with the first
commercial Android device, the HTC Dream, launched in September 2008.

7. Features/Characteristics of Android
The important features/characteristics of android are given below:
1) It is open-source.
2) Anyone can customize the Android Platform.
3) There are a lot of mobile applications that can be chosen by the consumer.
4) It provides many interesting features like weather details, opening screen, live RSS
(Really Simple Syndication) feeds etc.
5) It provides support for messaging services(SMS and MMS), web browser, storage
(SQLite), connectivity (GSM, CDMA, Blue Tooth, Wi-Fi etc.), media, handset layout etc.

8. Android Versions
ThedevelopmentoftheAndroidoperatingsystemwasstartedin2003by
Android,Inc.Lateron,itwaspurchasedbyGooglein2005.Thebetaversion
ofAndroidOSwasreleasedonNovember5,2007,whilethesoftware
developmentkit(SDK)wasreleasedonNovember12,2007.
Asoftwaredevelopmentkitisacollectionofsoftwaredevelopmenttoolsin
oneinstallablepackage.Theyfacilitatethecreationofapplicationsbyhaving
acompiler,debuggerandsometimesasoftwareframework.Theyare
normallyspecifictoahardwareplatformandoperatingsystemcombination.

10. Android 12 12 31 October 4, 2021
Android 12L 12.1 32 March 7, 2022
Android 13 13 33 Q3 2022

11. Development Challenges
Various Types of Devices
Different Android Versions
Device Capabilities

12. Android Platform Components

13. Android Platform Components
Applications‐TheAndroidOpenSourceProjectcontainsseveraldefault
application,like
–EmailClient
–SMSProgram
–Calendar
–Maps
–Browser
–Contacts
–etc.
•AllapplicationsarewrittenusingtheJavalanguage.

14. Android Platform Components
ApplicationFramework–ConsistofAPIwhichallowshighlevelinteractions
withtheAndroidsystemfromAndroidapplications.
–Managingthelifecycleofapplications
–Providingaccesstonon‐coderesources(localizedstring,graphics,and
layoutfiles)
–Enablingapplicationstoaccessdatafromotherapplicationsorto
sharetheirowndata
–Providinguserinterfacecomponents
–etc.

15. Android Platform Components
Libraries‐IncludesasetofC/C++librariesusedbycomponentsofthe
Androidsystem.ExposedtodevelopersthroughtheAndroidapplication
framework
–Recordingandplaybackofaudioandvideoformats
–Accesstothedisplaysystemandsupports2Dand3D
–WebKitlibraryisresponsibleforbrowsersupport
–FreeTypelibraryisresponsibleforfontsupport
–SQLitearelationaldatabasethatisavailableonthedevice
–etc.

16. Android Platform Components
Runtime‐CoreJavaLibraries‐Providingmostofthefunctionalityavailable
inthecorelibrariesoftheJavalanguage.
–DataStructures
–Utilities
–FileAccess
–NetworkAccess
–Graphics
–etc.

17. Android Platform Components
AndroidRuntime(ART)‐ProvidingenvironmentonwhicheveryAndroid
applicationruns.
–ReplacesDalvik(Usedfrom2.2to4.4)
–DalvikusedJIT(Just‐in‐Time)Compilation
–ART(5.0onwards)usesAOT(Ahead‐of‐Time)Compilation
(Creates“ExecutableandLinkableFormat”ELF)

18. Android Platform Components
LinuxKernel‐Communicationlayerfortheunderlyinghardware.
–Devicedrivers
–Memorymanagement
–Processmanagement
–Networking
–etc.

19. Android Application Components
AppcomponentsaretheessentialbuildingblocksofanAndroidapplication.
Eachcomponentisadifferentpointthroughwhichthesystemcanenter
yourapp.
Androidapplicationsarebrokendownintofourmaincomponents:
–Activities
–Services
–ContentProviders
–BroadcastReceivers
Theseareactivatedbyanasynchronousmessagecalledanintent.

20. Android Application Components
Activities-Anactivityrepresentsasinglescreenwithauserinterface.

21. Android Application Components
Services-Aserviceisacomponentthatrunsinthebackgroundto
performlong‐runningoperations.
•Aservicedoesnotprovideauserinterface.
•Forexample,playmusicinthebackgroundwhiletheuserisin
adifferentapp,oritmightfetchdataoverthenetwork.

22. Android Application Components
ContentProviders-Acontentprovidermanagesasharedsetofappdata.
•Youcanstorethedatainthefilesystem,anSQLitedatabase,ontheweb,
oranyotherpersistentstoragelocationyourappcanaccess.
•Throughthecontentprovider,otherappscanqueryorevenmodifythe
data(ifthecontentproviderallowsit).
Forexample,theAndroidsystemprovidesacontentproviderthatmanages
theuser'scontactinformation.

23. Android Application Components
BroadcastReceivers-Abroadcastreceiverisacomponentthatrespondsto
systemwidebroadcastannouncements.
•Broadcastreceiversdon'tdisplayauserinterface,butinsomecasesa
statusbarnotificationiscreatedtoalerttheuserwhenabroadcastevent
occurs.
•Forexample,abroadcastannouncingthatthescreenhasturnedoff,the
batteryislow,orapicturewascaptured.
•AlthoughAppscanalsoinitiatebroadcasts,manybroadcastsalsooriginate
fromthesystem