Module 1 Eartquake and Faults Science 8 topic

Module 1 Earthquake and Faults

1. Prepared by: Mrs. Ivy Lynne M. Esguerra

2. Unlocking of terms: Fault – is a break in the Earth’s crust, and along the break which movement has occurred. Earthquake – vibration of Earth due to rapid release of energy Plate – rigid section of the lithosphere that moves as a unit Epicenter – the point on the earth's surface vertically above the focus of an earthquake. Magnitude – a number that shows the power of an earthquake

3. A. Review:

4. B. Motivation:

5. D i r e c tions: Identify the 4 given pictures that depict one situation. Guess what the pictures say all about. Jumbled letters are provided.

6. GAME?

7. R H T A E

8. EARTH

9. THEARAQUEK

10. EARTHQUAKE

11. LFUATS

12. FAULTS

13. C. Learning Procedure: ACTIVITY 1: SHORT FILM SHOWING

14. What is an earthquake? it is the shaking of the surface of the Earth, resulting from the sudden release of energy in the Earth's lithosphere that creates seismic waves.

15. What causes earthquakes? It usually caused when rock (or the solid part of the earth) underground suddenly breaks along a fault.

16. There are two types of earthquake -Tectonic earthquake- are caused by the movement of the crustal or tectonic plates -Volcanic earthquake- caused by volcanic activity * Earthquakes occur in areas where the earth’s crust has cracked and produce weak spot called FAULT LINE .

17. F aults are fractures, or zone of weakness on the earth’s crust where ground movement or displacement has occurred or can happen

18. Three Types of Fault

19. when the hanging wall moves downward in relation to the foot wall

20. when the hanging wall moves upward in relation to foot wall

21. Strike-slip

22. Normal

23. Normal

24. R e v e r se

25. Strike-slip

26. How Seismographs Work? A seismograph is an instrument used for recording the intensity and duration of an earthquake.

27. Se i smo g ra p h - m a chine Seismogram – seismic wave display record

28. Types of Seismic Waves

29. Primary Waves (P Waves) A type of seismic wave that compresses and expands the ground The first wave to arrive at an earthquake

30. Secondary Waves (S Waves) A type of seismic wave that moves the ground up and down or side to side http://daphne.meccahosting.com/~a0000e89/insideearth2.htm

31. Comparing Seismic Waves

32. Surface Waves (L Waves) Move along the Earth ’ s surface Travel more slowly than S and P waves More destructive

33. Typical Seismogram s t art finish How much time elapsed between the arrival of the P wave (start) and the arrival of the S wave (finish)?

34. F A U L T L I N E

35. Active and Inactive Fault -An active fault is likely to cause another earthquake sometime in the future. --faults are considered to be active if they have moved one or more times in at least 10,000 years. * Example is the Philippine West Valley Fault Line System and the Philippine Fault

36. T sunami a large ocean wave usually caused by an underwater earthquake or a volcanic explosion.