Module 3 Containment Requirements .pdf

CONT

1. Module 3. Containment Requirements

2. Learning Outcomes
By the end of this module, you should be able to:
1.Define the terms used in biocontainment.
2.Explain the 3 elements of biocontainment.
3.Describe containment levels.
4.Select appropriate facility and equipment by applying the risk based
approach.

3. Outline
1.Definition of terms
2.Elements of containment
3. Graded protection and balanced security
4. Facility design

4. 1. Definition of terms
Containment:Thecombinationofphysicaldesignparameters,safetyequipment&
operationalpracticesthatprotectpersonnel,theimmediateworkenvironmentandthe
communityfromexposuretohazardousmaterial.
Biocontainment:Thecombinationofphysicaldesignparametersandoperational
practicestoprotectpersonnel,theimmediateworkenvironmentandthecommunity
fromexposuretobiologicalagents.
Primarycontainment:Protectionofpersonnel&immediatelaboratoryenvironment
andisfacilitatedbygoodmicrobiologicaltechniquesandtheuseofappropriatesafety
equipment.
Secondarycontainment:Protectionoftheenvironmentexternaltothelaboratory
andisfacilitatedbyfacilitydesign.

5. Elements of Bio-containment
Thepropermixofthethreeelements
isassessedbytheneedsandspecific
hazardsofthefacility

6. Elements of Bio-containment
•Containmentbarriersareputintoplacetoprotecttheworker,community,andthe
environmentfromexposure.
•Appropriatefacilityfeaturesforbio-containmentarechosenbasedonathorough
riskassessmentofidentifiedactivities.
•Administrativecontrolfacilitatessmoothimplementationofthe3mitigation
categories.

7. 2.WorkZones:ConceptofGradedProtectionand
BalancedSecurity(1/2)

8. Work Zones: Concept of Graded Protection and
Balanced Security(2/2)
•GradedProtectionismanifestedinconcentricringsofincreasingsecurityspanning
fromoutsidetoinsidethefacilityandisrelativetoriskofloss,theft,misuse,
diversion,unauthorizedaccessorrelease.
●Notallbiologicalagentsneedthesamelevelofprotection
●Notalllocationsneedthesamelevelofprotectionforbiosecurity.
•Inbiosafety,workisfromanareasofleastinfectiousactivitiestomostinfectious.
•GradedprotectionMUSTbeconsideredwithbalancedsecurity.
•Balancedsecurity:Protectionshouldbebalancedequallyamongthe5pillarsof
biosecurity.

9. 3. Facility Design
•Ariskandevidence-basedapproachensuresthethreeelementsofbio-containment
arelocallyrelevant,proportionateandsustainable.
•Riskandevidencebasedapproachisalsoappliedinmanagingotherhazardsposed
bychemicals,radiologicalmaterialsamongothers.
•Therisk-basedcategoriesinclude:
Corerequirement(formerlyBSL1&2),
Heightened(formerlyBSL3)and
Maximumcontainment(formerlyBSL4).

10. Facility Features: Core Requirements(1/2)
Good microbiological practices and
procedure; Best practices,
technical procedures, personnel
training and competence e.g.
•Designated hand washing
areas
•Limitedaccess
•No food/drinks
•Use of validated SOP’s
•Training
•Designated hand
washing basins
•Biosafety Cabinet
•Centrifuge
•Ample space
•Doors
•Walls, floors, and
furniture
•Laboratory bench tops
•Lighting
•Storage
•ventillation
•chemicals
•emergency exit
•electricity
Safety Equipment Facility design Practice & Procedures
•Designated hand
washing basins
•Biosafety Cabinet
•Centrifuge
Safety Equipment

11. Facility Features: Core Requirements(2/2)
•Corerequirementsisthetermusedtodescribeacombinationofriskcontrol
measuresthatareboththefoundationfor,andanintegralpartof,laboratory
biosafety.
•TheyaresetofminimumrequirementsdefinedinthefourtheditionoftheWHO
Laboratorybiosafetymanual.Thesemeasuresincludestandardsandbest
practiceinbiosafetythatarenecessarytoworksafelywithbiologicalagents,
evenwheretheassociatedrisksareminimal.

12. Facility Features: Heightened Control Measures(1/2)
Core Requirements Plus based on risk assessment
•Isolation from high traffic areas
Ante room (double-door access)
Restricted access
•Closing and sealing windows
•Sealed openings in walls, floors, and ceilings
•Inward airflow into the laboratory
•Dispersed exhaust air (with consideration of HEPA filtration)
To minimize likelihood of exposure to humans, animals, or the environment
Isolators component of HVAC System

13. Facility Features: Heightened Control Measures(2/2)
CoreRequirementsPlusbasedonriskassessment
•Facilitiesforon-sitetreatmentoflaboratorywasteORsecurestorageofwaste
•Additionalbiosecuritymeasuresasdeemednecessarybytheriskassessment
•Laboratoryequipment
•Containmentaccessories(suchasSafetybuckets)
•Dedicatedequipmentforhigherrisktasks
•Dedicatedsafetyequipmenttoprotectagainstinfectiousaerosols(e.g.,Biological
SafetyCabinets,respirators,eyeprotection)

14. Facility Features: Maximum Control Measures(1/2)
HeightenedControlMeasuresPlusbasedonriskassessment
•Efficientprimarycontainmentsystem:
ClassIIIBSCsystemornegativepressureisolatorlaboratory
Suitlaboratoryconsistingofpositivepressuresuitswithexternalbreathing
airandworkconductedinaclassIorIIBSCsorisolators
•Accesscontrolfeatures
•Appropriatealarmstodetectanomaliesandsystemfailures

15. Facility Features: Maximum Control Measures(2/2)
HeightenedControlMeasuresPlusbasedonriskassessment
•Dedicatedheating,ventilation,andairconditioningsystem
•Constantlymonitored
•Maintaindirectionalairflowwithcontrolstopreventpressurization
•HEPAfiltration
•Airflowmovingfromleasttomostinfectiousactivities
•Locatedinseparatebuildingorclearlydelineatedzoneinsecuredbuilding
•Capableofundertakinggaseousdecontamination
•Emergencypoweranddedicatedpowersupplylines

16. 4. Key Messages
1.Appropriatefacilityfeaturesarechosenbasedonriskassessment.
2.Riskcontrolmeasuresarebrokeninto3categoriesofcore,heightenedand
maximumcontrolmeasures.

17. The End
You have come to the end of this Module. Kindly attempt the module quiz and
aim to attain a pass mark of 80%. Please participate in the discussion forum
before proceeding to module 4.