MOH Mpox sencitization for Media. Nakuru County Kenya.pdf

These slides are meant to sencitize the News Reporters in Nakuru County Kenya on Mpox disease. it gives a brief update of the disease within the county. Please accostomise to your local context

1. SENSITIZATION OF HEALTH STAKEHOLDERS
ON MPOX .
NAKURU COUNTY
By: Moses O.

2. •KenyaconfirmedMpoxoutbreakon31
st
July2024
•Cumulatively,five(5)caseshavebeenconfirmedincountry
•OtherAfricanCountries,includingtheDRC,Rwanda,BurundiandUgandahavereportedMpox
in2024:
-SuspectedCases:>17,000
-ConfirmedCases:>2,800
-Deaths:>517
•By2
nd
September2024,InSouthernandEasternAfrica,about367confirmedMpoxcaseswith
3deaths,werereportedin5countries,includingBurundi(328),SouthAfrica(24),Uganda(7),
Rwanda(4)andKenya(4)
•MpoxhasbeendeclaredaPublicHealthEmergencyofContinentalsecurity(PHECS)byAfrica
CDCon13
th
Aug.2024
•TheWHOalsodeclaredMpoxasaPublicHealthEmergency
ofInternationalConcern(PHEIC)on14
th
Aug.2024,anda
Grade3Emergency
•This Calls for international Coordination to Mpoxresponse
Background / Updates

3. DISEASECOUNTIES AFFECTED TOTAL
NUMBER OF
CASES
NUMBER OF
DEATHS
COMMENTS
MPOX
outbrea
k
TaitaTaveta –1
st
case
Kwale County –2
nd
case
Nairobi –3
rd
case
Nakuru –4
th
Case
Mombasa –5
th
case
5 0 -The 5
th
case is a primary contact (spouse) to the
4
th
case
-2 cases have fully recovered
-3 cases are under treatment
-86 samples taken, 61 –ve, 33 under investigation
-615,397 travelers screened
-107,397sensitized on Mpox
•Nakuru Confirmed first M-pox case on 30
th
August 2024
•The cases was a 37-year-old male truck driver with a history of travel to Rwanda and Uganda.
•He first experienced the following symptoms on August 23 while in Mombasa.
Rash, fever, headache, sore throat, severe eye ache, and general body weakness
•15 contacts have so far been identified both within and outside the county.

4. MpoxSurveillanceand Reporting

5. •Confirmed Case:
•Laboratory confirmed the Mpoxvirus by detection of unique sequences of
viral DNA by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
b
and/or sequencing
•Non Case:
•A case who tests negative for Mpox virus by detection of unique sequences of
viral DNA by real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)

6. Case Definition: Community Lay Case Definition
•Any person with the hotness of the body, no response to treatment,
has a rash, and a history of travel to a country reporting cases of
Mpox (DRC, Burundi, Rwanda, Uganda)

7. MpoxContacts 1/2
•Acontactisdefinedasanindividualwhohasbeenexposedtoan
infectedpersonduringtheinfectionperiod.This periodbegins
withtheonsetofthefirstsymptomsintheindexcaseandends
whenallscabshavefallenoff

8. Viralzoonoticillness,causedbyMpoxvirus
○SpeciesofthegenusOrthopoxvirus
■CladesI(morevirulent;endemicto
centralAfrica)
■CladeII(lesssevere;endemicto
westernAfrica)
Genome:double-strandedDNA
•Amemberofthegenusorthopoxvirusin
thefamilyPoxviridae
•Orthopoxvirus,Parapoxvirus,Molluscipoxvirus,andYatapoxvirus
areknowntoinfecthumans
•Orthopoxvirus:Vaccinia(smallpoxvaccine),variola
(Smallpox),Mpox,cowpox
MpoxDisease
SafeguardingAfrica’sHealth

9. Transmission
•DirectSkin-to-SkinContact
•Rash,scabs
•ContactwithBodilyFluids
•semen,vaginalfluids,amnioticfluids,breastmilkorblood
•ContactwithContaminatedObjects
•Verticaltransmission
•Animaltohumantransmission

10. Durationoftheinfectiousperiodisuntiltheskinlesionsdryup,
becomecrusts,andfalloff,ormucosallesionshavedisappeared.
Source:OpenWHO[Internet].Mpox:Epidemiology,preparedness andresponseforAfricanoutbreakcontexts.Geneva:WHO;2021.
Infectious period
MPOX DISEASE PROGNOSIS

11. Differential Diagnosis
•Herpessimplexvirus(Genital
herpes/oral herpes)
•Varicellazostervirus
(chickenpox)
•Molluscumcontagiosum
virus
•Enterovirus(Fever.
Runny nose, sneezing, cough, Skin rash,
Mouth blisters, Body and muscle aches)
•Measles
•Scabies
•Treponemapallidum(syphilis)
•Bacterialskininfections
•Medicationallergies
•Parapoxviruses(causingorrelated
conditions)
•Chancroid

12. Case Management
•Symptomaticmanagementoftheconfirmedcases
•ManagementofMildorUncomplicatedMpox-HBIC
•High-riskpatientsandthosewithcomplicationsorsevere
Mpox-healthfacility-basedcare
•AlsoMpoxinfectedpersonswhoareatriskofcomplications
needwhohospitalcare
Infantsandyoungchildrenunder8years
Pregnantwomen
Immunosuppressedindividuals

13. Complications
Secondarybacterialinfectionoftheskin:Cellulitis,abscesses,
necrotizingsofttissueinfections
Subcutaneousaccumulationoffluidinthecrustingphasewhichcan
leadtointravasculardepletionandshock.
Exfoliationofskinthatmayrequiresurgicaldebridementand
grafting
Severepneumoniaandrespiratorydistress
Cornealinfectionandulcerationmayleadtovisionloss

14. Complication
Lossofappetite,vomiting,anddiarrhea-severedehydration,
electrolyteabnormalities,andshock
Cervicallymphadenopathy,mayleadtoaretropharyngealabscessor
respiratorycompromise
Bacterialinfectionoftheblood:sepsis,septicshock
Inflammationofthebrain(encephalitis)
Pregnancycomplications-bleeding,miscarriage,orstillbirth
Death

15. Diagnostictestoverview
Source:Mpox:Epidemiology, preparednessandresponseforAfricanoutbreakcontexts.OpenWHO,2021

16. Factors that can contribute to false-negative
results
•Poor quality of specimen
•Wrong sample collection tools i.emedia, swabs
•Inappropriate handling or shipping
•DNA extraction/operator failure

17. IPC Precautions
Standard Precautions
They are the basic level of IPC
precautions which reduce the risk of
transmission of pathogens from both
recognizedand unrecognizedsources
and are to be used in the care of ALL
patients at ALLtimes by ALLhealthcare
workers
1.Hand Hygiene
2.Personal Protective Equipment
(PPE)
3.Respiratory Hygiene/Cough
Etiquette
4.Safe Injection Practices
5.Reprocessing of reusable
medical equipment
6.Environmental Cleaning
7.Waste Management
8.Linen management

18. Additional IPC Precautions
Additional Precautions
Second tier of basic infection control
and are to be used in addition to
Standard Precautions for patients who
may be infectedor colonizedwith
certain infectious agents for which
additional precautions are needed to
prevent infection transmission

19. HEALTH
programme
EMERGENCIES
RCCE -What to Communicate (Content)
About the disease
Level of risk (population)
Transmission
Signs and symptoms
Infection Prevention and control measures
(what, why& how?)
Personal & environmental hygiene
Vaccination
demand generation
Safe and dignified burial (SDB)
Treatment
Need to seek care early (Why? Avoid
complications-Visual loss
Importance of seeking medical attention early
What to do and what not to do in case of
suspicion of the disease
Mental Health and Psychosocial Support
(MHPSS) including follow-up after discharge &
return to family/community (stigma &
discrimination or profiling) in case of an
outbreak
Use any OPPORTUNITY to communicate about the RISK

20. HEALTH
programme
EMERGENCIES
Emphasize the importance and relevance of frequent hand hygiene using clean water
and soap
Public health measures ;use of PPEs for caregivers, and isolation and supportive care of
cases for the duration of the infections period
Promote and mobilize for vaccination for persons at risk.
Seek information from Incident commander –Director Public health, Nakuru County
Reporting of any suspected case to the nearest health facility
Other Preventive Measures Against Mpox

21. COUNTY EMERGENCY LINES
Toll free line: 0800724138
Hot line: 0799032032

22. County preparedness
•Contingency plan developed
•Sensitization / training of HCW
•Mapping of risk areas
•Enhanced surveillance and Active case search
•Prepositioning of necessary drugs and non pharm items
•Case management
•Setting aside isolation sites and equipping them
•Toll free line in place

23. THANK YOU
END