molecular dispersion slidshare

FOR DISPERSION SYSYTEM AND MOLECULAR DISPERSION

1. DISPERSION SYSTEM-MOLECULAR DISPERSION
SUBMITTED TO-
DR. DHARMANDRA JAIN
DR. ASHISH JAIN
DR. PRIYANKA JAIN
SUBMITTED BY –
SURUCHI DAHIYA
Y22254028
M.PHARMA
SEM 2nd
DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES
Dr. HARISINGH GOUR VISHWAVIDYALAYA
SAGAR MADHYA PRADESH -470003,INDIA
(A CENTRAL UNIVERSITY )
MID 2
ND
ASSIGNMENT

2. CONTENTS
1.Introduction
2.Classification
3.Coarse dispersion
4.Colloidal dispersion
5.Types of colloidal dispersion
6.Molecular dispersion
7.Application of molecular dispersion
8.References

3. INTRODUCTION
•Dispersedsystemsconsistofparticulatematter,knownasthedispersedphase,
distributedthroughoutacontinuousordispersionmedium.
•Thedispersedmaterialmayrangeinsizefromparticlesofatomicandmolecular
dimensionstoparticleswhosesizeismeasuredinmillimeters

4. CLASSIFICATION
class Range of
particle size
characteristi
cs of size
Example
Molecular
dispersion
Less than 1 nm Invisible in
electron
microscope
Undergo rapid
diffusion
Oxygen molecules,
Glucose
Colloidal
dispersion
From 1 nm to 0.5
µm
Visible in electron
microscope Diffuse
very slowly
Colloidal silver solutions,
Coarse dispersion Greater than 0.5
µm
Visible under
microscope Do not
diffuse
Pharmaceutical emulsion,
suspension

5. COARSE DISPERSION SYSTEM
Coarsedispersionsareheterogeneousdispersedsystems,inwhichthedispersed
phaseparticlesarelargerthan1000nm.Coarsedispersionsarecharacterizedby
relativelyfastsedimentationofthedispersedphasecausedbygravityorotherforces
•Suspension
•Emulsion

6. EMULSION
•Anemulsionisabiphasicliquidpreparationcontainingtwoimmiscibleliquids,
oneofwhichisdispersedasminuteglobulesintotheother.
•Theliquidwhichisconvertedintominuteglobulesiscalledthedispersedphase
andtheliquidinwhichtheglobulesaredispersediscalledthe‘continuousphase’
•Normally,twoimmiscibleliquidscannotbedispersedforalongperiod.
•anemulsifyingagentisaddedtothesystem.

7. SUSPENSION
•suspensionarethebiphasicliquiddosageformofmedicamentinwhichthe
finelydividedsolidparticlesrangingfrom0.5to5.0micronaredispersedina
liquidorsemisolidvehicle.
•Thesolidparticlesactasdispersephasewhereasliquidvehicleactsasthe
continuousphase.
1.Flocculated
2.Deflocculated

8. COLLOIDAL DISPERSION SYSTEM
•System consists essentially of one component, the disperse phase, dispersed as particles
or droplets throughout another component, the continuous phase.
•Therefore,dispersionsinwhichthesizeofthedispersedparticlesiswithintherange
of1nmtoabout0.5µmaretermedascolloidal

9. CLASSIFICATION OF COLLOIDS
Onthebasisofinteractionofdispersedparticleswithmoleculesofthedispersion
medium,colloidaldispersionsareclassifiedintofollowingcategories:
•Lyophiliccolloids:Systemcontainingcolloidalparticlesthatinteracttoan
appreciableextentwiththedispersionmediumarereferredtoaslyophiliccolloids.
•Lyophobiccolloids:Thesecondclassofcolloidsiscomposedofmaterialsthat
havelittleattraction,ifany,forthedispersionmedium.Thesearelyophobic
colloids.
•Associationcolloid:Associationoramphiphilesaremoleculesorionswhichhave
certainaffinityforbothpolarandnonpolarsolvents.Inwater,atlowconcentrations,
surfaceactiveagentsexistindividuallyasmonomers.

10. MOLECULAR DISPERSION
•Amoleculardispersionsystem,oftenreferredtoasacolloidaldispersion,isa
complexmixtureoftwoormoresubstanceswhereonesubstanceisfinely
dispersedwithinanotheratthemolecularornanoparticlelevel.
•Thisarrangementcreatesaheterogeneousmixturecharacterizedbyitsstability
anduniqueproperties.
•Theimportanceofmoleculardispersionsystemsspansvariousscientific,
industrial,andtechnologicalfields,makingitasubjectofgreatsignificance.

12. WHY MOLECULAR DISPERSION ARE IMPORTANT
1.EnhancedSolubilityandBioavailability
3.ImprovedFormulations
4.DiagnosticandTherapeuticAdvancements
5.EnvironmentalApplications
6.ResearchandDevelopment
7.IndustrialProcesses:

13. TYPES OF MOLECULAR DISPERSION
•Types of Molecular Dispersion Systems:
•Molecular dispersion systems encompass a range of heterogeneous mixtures
where substances are dispersed at the molecular or nanoparticle level within a
medium. These systems can be broadly categorized into solutions, suspensions,
and colloids, each characterized by their unique properties and applications.
1. Solutions
2. Suspensions
3. Colloids

14. EXAMPLE OF MOLECULAR DISPERSION
1.Pharmaceutical Formulation
2.Food and Beverage .
3.Cosmetics and Personal Care
4.Paints and Coatings:
5.Biotechnology
6.Nanotechnology

16. APPLICATION OF MOLECULAR DISPERSION SYSTEM
Applications of Molecular Dispersion Systems:
Molecular dispersion systems find a wide range of practical applications across various
industries due to their ability to create stable, finely dispersed mixtures of substances at
the molecular or nanoparticle level. Here are some key applications in different sectors:
1. Pharmaceutical and Medical Industries:
.
2. Food and Beverage Industry:
3. Cosmetics and Personal Care:
.
4. Nanotechnology

17. 5. Environmental and Water Treatment:
6. Paints and Coatings:
7. Petroleum and Oil Industry:
8. Agriculture and Agrochemicals
9. Biotechnology and Diagnostics:
10. Research and Development

19. REFERNCES
1.Menkhaus TJ, Fong H. Electrospun Nanofibers for Protein Adsorption. In
Electrospinning: Nanofabrication and Applications 2019 Jan 1 (pp. 517-542).
William Andrew Publishing.
2.D.J.Shaw.IntroductiontoColloidandSurfaceChemistry,3rdEdition,
Butterworths,London,1980.
3.A.T.FlorenceandD.Whitehill.J.colloidinterfaceSci.,79,243(1981).