mpox Vaccination strategy by andreas kristian.pptx

vaccination of MPOX virus

1. mpox Vaccination strategy Andreas kristian

2. Latar belakang Monkeypox atau mpox adalah penyakit menular yang menyebabkan wabah global pada tahun 2022 hingga hari ini , termasuk di beberapa negara Afrika Hingga Agustus 2024, virus monkeypox telah terdeteksi di luar Afrika. Para ahli memasukkan penyakit ini dalam wabah darurat global ( WHO sebagi pandemic global pada pada 23 Juli 2023 ) Pengobatan untuk mpox sendiri masih dilandaskan pada pencegahan dan vaksinasi .

3. Monkeypox VIRUS STRUCTURE characterized by an ovoid brick-shaped morphology as seen on cryoelectron tomography. Monkeypox virus is 360 nm x 270 nm x 250 nm in size and contains linear double stranded DNA of approximately 197 kilobases (kb). Monkeypox infectious virus can exist as two distinct forms: extracellular enveloped virus (EEV, also abbreviated as EV), and intracellular mature virus (IMV, also abbreviated as MV).

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5. Vaccination strategies (public health) Offering mpox vaccine alongside other vaccines like COVID-19 or flu vaccine Including mpox prevention in discussions about HIV PEP, HIV PReP , or doxy PEP with patients and clients Discussing  behavioral strategies to minimize risk  when vaccine is not an option for the patient Include mpox education and offer the vaccine during public health events and activities (Community health fairs , vaccination events, Mobile testing vans

6. Vaccination strategies can be given as post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) both to people with known or presumed exposure to mpox virus. Given as soon as possible, ideally within four days of exposure; administration 4 to 14 days after exposure. Persons exposed to mpox through sexual contact who are asymptomatic should also be tested for HIV and other sexually transmitted infections . most effective when designed and implemented in partnership with communities and groups that are disproportionately affected.

7. high risk groups health and care workers at risk of exposure;  people in the same household or close community as someone who has mpox, including children; people who have multiple sex partners, including men who have sex with men ; and sex workers of any gender and their clients.

8. The vaccines JYNNEOS™ (also known as Imvamune or Imvanex or MVA-BN) ACAM2000®, and Aventis Pasteur Smallpox Vaccine (APSV)

9. JYNNEOS™ a live virus vaccine that contains Modified Vaccinia Ankara-Bavarian Nordic (MVA-BN).   a weakened , non-replicating orthopoxvirus may be safely used in significantly immunocompromised individuals for whom certain live vaccines are not indicated or recommended for use. administration subcutaneously (beneath the skin), as a two-dose series, 4 weeks apart.

10. JYNNEOS™ requires 2 doses spaced 4 weeks apart Postexposure prophylaxis (PEP): JYNNEOS vaccine is indicated for persons who have recently had close contact with someone with mpox. Those receiving mpox PEP should ideally receive vaccination within 4 days of a known exposure to mpox. as prevention for persons considered at risk for acquiring mpox. include gay, bisexual, or other men or transgender people who have sex with men and have multiple partners, have had recent prior sexually transmitted infections, and/or have recent attendance at or participation in group sex settings.

11. side effects of JYNNEOS pain, redness, itching at the spot where the vaccine is given. Fever Headache Tiredness nausea, chills, and muscle aches

12. ACAM2000 a live, replicating vaccinia virus vaccine administered as a single dose and is given “ percutaneously ” by puncturing the skin of the upper arm. can cause serious complications in immunocompromised individuals and their close contacts. may cause myocarditis, pericarditis , cerebral and medulla spinalis edema, vaccination site infection and infection of the eye.

13. Aventis Pasteur Smallpox Vaccine  (APSV) an investigational, replication-competent vaccinia viru s vaccine. Used in smallpox emergency Administration: multiple puncture technique, one dose .

14. Vaccines in preclinical studies BNT166a and BNT166c: Next-generation mRNA vaccines designed to provide broad protection against MPXV and related orthopoxviruses . These vaccines are showing promising preclinical results, with robust immune responses and complete protection in challenge studies.

15. Refferences Anggun, dkk . MAKALAH PROGRAM PENCEGAHAN PENYAKIT MENULAR MONKEYPOX . makalah-monkeypox_compress.pdf. 2024 Abul K, Abbas. Cellular and Molecular Immunology , 10 th edition. Elsevier, 2022. Boundless, Microbiology. 2024 https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Microbiology/Microbiology_(Boundless)/09%3A_Viruses/9.11%3A_DNA_Viruses_in_Eukaryotes/9.11G%3A_Double-Stranded_DNA_Viruses_-_Pox_Viruses B.W. Petersen, J. Kabamba, A.M. McCollum, R.S. Lushima , E.O. Wemakoy , J.-J. M. Tamfume , B. Nguete , C.M. Hughes, B.P. Monroe, M.G. Reynolds, Vaccinating against monkeypox in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Antivir . Res. 162 (2019) 171–177. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Science Brief: Detection and Transmission of Mpox (Formerly Monkeypox) Virus During the 2022 Clade IIb Outbreak. Updated February 2, 2024 [CDC].

16. Refferences Chakraborty S, Mohapatra RK, Chandran D, et al.. Monkeypox vaccines and vaccination strategies: current knowledge and advances: an update – correspondence.  Int J Surg  2022;105:106869. Decker, D Michael. Enhanced safety surveillance study of ACAM2000 smallpox vaccine among US military service members. Volume 39, Issue 39 , 15 September 2021, Pages 5541-5547 FDA, https://www.fda.gov/vaccines-blood-biologics/vaccines/key-facts-about-vaccines-prevent-mpox-disease#:~:text=JYNNEOS%20Vaccine&text=JYNNEOS%20is%20approved%20for%20use,dose%20series%2C%204%20weeks%20apart . 2024 Hutson CL, Kondas AV, Mauldin MR, et al. Pharmacokinetics and efficacy of a potential smallpox therapeutic, brincidofovir , in a lethal monkeypox virus animal model. mSphere . 2021;6:e00927-20. [PMID: 33536322]. Lippincott. Cynthia Nau Cornelissen, 2020. Illustrated Reviews: Microbiology. Fourth Edition. Thornhill JP, Barkati S, Walmsley S, et al. Monkeypox virus infection in humans across 16 countries - April-June 2022. N Engl J Med. 2022;387:679-91. [PMID 35866746]. WHO. Mpox. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/mpox . 2024

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