Mucor fungi ppt

The fungi Mucor explained crystal clear. The contents are brief which mainly concentrate for exam preparation purpose.

1. Mucor
Presented by Irfan M

2. 2
Classification
●Kingdom : fungi
●Division : Mycota
●Class : Zygomycota
●Order : Mucorales
●Family : Mucoraceae
●Genus : Mucor

3. What is Mucor?

4. 4
“The genus Mucor(L. muceo, be moldy) is represented by
about 80 species, found throughout the world and about
17 species from India, commonly known as MOLD.”

5. What is Mucor’s habitant?

6. 6
●It is grows readily on dung
of herbivorous animals like
cow, horse etc.
●They grow mostly as
saprophytes on decaying
fruits and vegetables, in soil
(Mucorstrictus, M. flavus).
●Also grows on various food-
stuff-like bread, jellies, jams,
syrups.

7. 7
Vegetative structure
●Mycelium consists of numerous, slender, freely branched filaments
called hyphae.
●The hyphae form a fluffy mass , white in color called as mycelium.
●After mycelium formation, reproductive phase starts.
●Black pin like structures appear on mycelium called as sporangia/
Sporangium.
●The hyphae are coenocyticand aseptate.
●The hyphalwall is microfibrillar, consist mainly of chitin-chitosan.
●In addition, other substances like other polysaccharides, lipids,
purines, pyrimidines, protein, Ca and Mg are also present.

8. 8
●Inner to the cell wall, cell membrane is
present which covers the protoplast.
●The protoplast contains many nuclei,
mitochondria, endoplasmicreticulum,
ribosome, oil droplets, small vacuoles
and other substances.
●At vegetative stage , the hyphae
consists of stolon(horizontal hyphae)
and rhizoidal hyphae.
●The rhizoidal hyphae helps in the
absorption of nutrients from the
substrate.

9. 9
Reproduction
1.Vegetative Reproduction
2.Asexual Reproduction
3.Sexual Reproduction

10. 10
1. Vegetative Reproduction
1a. Fragmentation:
Whentheseparationofhyphaeoccursfromtheaerial
portion,thenthesefragmentsarecapableofproducingnewhyphae
,andthisiscalledfragmentation.
1b. Chlamydospore formation:
Under unfavorable conditions , the fungus produce special
modified thick walled , resting cells, called as Chlamydospore. They
contain food and are very resistant to desiccation . When conditions
become favorable , it germinates to form new mycelium.

11. 11
●Duringfavourablecondition,thenonmotilesporesknownas
sporangiosporesoraplanosporesareformedinsidethesporangium.
●Thesporangiophoresdevelopsinglyandscatteredlyontheupper
sideofthesuperficialmycelium.
●Afterattainingacertainheight,thenucleiandcytoplasmpushmore
andmoretowardsthetop,consequentlytheapexoftheaerial
hyphaeswellsup.
●Theswollenpartenlargesanddevelopsintolargeround
sporangium.
●Insidethesporangiumtheprotoplastisdifferentiatedintoathick
denselayerofmulti-nucleatecytoplasminsidethesporangialwall,
calledsporoplasmandavacuolatedportionwithafewnuclei
towardsthecentre,calledcolumellaplasm.
2. Asexual Reproduction

12. 12
●Withfurtherdevelopmentofsporoplasmandcolumellaplasmthe
septumbecomesdome-shapedandpushesitswayintothe
sporangium.
●Minuteneedle-shapedcrystalsofcalciumoxalateareformedonthe
externalsurfaceofsporangiumwall.
●Theyimbibewaterandmakethewallsoft.
●Consequently,thesporangiophoresecreteswateraroundthe
sporangiumandtheunusedprotoplastofthesporangiumabsorbs
waterandswellsup,therebyitcreatespressure.
●Thispressurealongwiththepressureexertedbythebulgingofthe
columellacausesthesoftwallofthesporangiumtorupture.
●Thesporesaredispersedchieflybyinsectandalsobywind.

13. 13
3. Sexual reproduction
●It takes place by gamentangialcopulation
●The fusion gametes are multinucleated and are distinct from each
other.
●The sexual process starts with the formation of two special hyphae
called zygophores.
●They arises from near the apices of actively growing somatic hyphae of
+veand –vestrains.
●They are chemically induced
●The zygophoresmeet and adhere in pairs at the tip to form fusion
septum.
●The tip swells due to flow of nuclei and cytoplasm in them , called as
progametangia.
●Progametangiacombined to form prozygosporangium, containing
many diploid nuclei called as zygospore

14. 14

15. 15
Asexual Reproduction

16. 16
Sexual Reproduction