Multipurpose tree species and Land Capability

Presentation on multipurpose tree species and land capability

1. MULTIPURPOSE
TREE SPECIES
&
LAND CAPABILITY
Submitted by: Saksham Choudhary
BSc Agriculture Hons.
Semester 4
Submitted to: Miss Kanika Bhatia

2. Multipurpose
tree species
By: Saksham Choudhary To:Miss Kanika Bhatia
BSc. Agriculture Hons.
Semester 4

3. Multipurpose Tree Species (MPTS):
•Plant species grown for two or more purposes or products.
•Also serve forshelter, shade, land sustainability of land usesystem.
•Many woody perennialtreespeciesmay be multipurposein one kind
of systembut single purpose in another.

4. Characteristics
•Wider adaptibilityto local climatic conditions.
•Thin and sparse crownthat allowssunlightto enterthe system.
•Quick sprouting.
•Productive capacity includewood, food,fodder,medicinal and other
products.
•Good leaf littermaking nutrients available at appropriate times in
crop cycle.
•Few and shallow lateral woods.

5. •Ability to assist in nitrogen fixation.
•Resistance to drought, flooding,soil variability and otherclimatic
hazards.
•Deep thrusting taproot system.
•Higher demand and bettervalue for the produce.

6. BENEFITS FROM MTPTS:
Food
1.Human food like fruits, nuts, trees, cereal substitutes etc.
2.Livestock feed like leaves, fruits etc.
3.Soil and water conservation.
4.Environment improvement.
5.Fertilizer trees for improving the nutritional status of food and feed
crops through nitrogen fixation and greater nutrients through deep
rooting trees.

7. Water
1.Improvement of soil moisture retention in rainfed cropping systems.
2.Regulation of stream flow for reduction of flood hazard and more
even supply of water.
3.Protection of irrigation works by bordering with trees.
4.Improvement of drainage from waterlogged or saline soils
byphreatophytictrees.
5.Increased biomass storage of water for animal consumption in
forage and fodder trees.

8. Energy
1.Firewood for direct consumption.
2.Pyrolytic conversionproducts.
3.Ethanol from fermentation ofhigh carbohydratefruits.
4.Methanol from destructive distillation or catalytic synthesis process
using woody feedstock.
5.Oils, latex, other combustible saps and resins.
6.Augmentationof wind powerusing trees tocreateventuri effect.

9. Shelter
1.Building materials for shelter construction.
2.Shade trees for humans, livestock, and shade loving plants.
3.Wind breaks and shelter belts for protection of cropland.
4.Living fences.

10. Raw material for processing
1.Wood for a variety of craft purposes.
2.Fibrefor weaving industries.
3.Fruits, nuts, etc. for drying or other food processing industries.
4.Essential oil, medicinal ingredients etc.

11. Cash
1.Direct cash benefits from sale of previous listed products.
2.Indirect cash benefits from productivity increases.
3.Via associated crops or livestock.

12. Social Production
1.Production of goods for socially motivated exchange.
2.Increased cash for social purposes.

13. Land
Capability

14. Land capability
•Ability of land surface to support plant growth/ wildlife habitat or
field crop growth/ human habitat.
•It indicates the type oflanduse suitableoverthat type of land.
•Land capability differsaccording toslope,soil type, soil depth, and
erosion conditions.
•If the land is not suitable for agriculture,it is desirable to use the land
for other purposes.

15. •The goal for allocation of land capabilities is to achieve complete soil
conservation.
•Complete soil conservationimplies complete soil health and nosoil
erosion.
•It also facilitatescomplete water conservation and total vegetation
conservation.
•Hence, itresults inlong term integrated watershed management.

16. Classification of Land Capability
According to Soil Conservation Service (SCS) of United States
Department of Agriculture (USDA)
On the basis of cultivability, land capability is classified into two
groups:
1.Group 1 lands
2.Group 2 lands

17. 1.Group 1 lands: Generally Suitable for
Cultivation
i.Class 1 lands:
•Lands are nearly level with slopes nearly 1%.
•Soil is deep, fertile,easily workable and are notsubjected to
damaging overflows.
•There are hardly any restrictions to use this land.
•These lands can be safely cultivatedby usingany farming methodto
grow any crop.
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18. ii.Class 2 land:
•These lands have a gentle slope between 1% to 3%.
•They can be easily cultivatedwith some cultivation practices likecontour
farming, strip cropping,bund construction,or terracing.
•Therefor somerestrictionsin this land are:
i.Moderate susceptibility to wind or water erosion.
ii.Less than ideal soil depth.
iii.Slight to moderate salinity.
iv.Wetness existing permanently which can be corrected by drainage.

19. iii.Class 3 lands:
•Slopes in these lands range between 3% to 5% and hence have
severe limitations like reduction in choice of crops to cultivate.
•Thisclass lands have more restrictions thanthose in class 2 due
toland characteristics.
•All limitations of class 2 are applicable in class 3 but at greater
extent.
•On wetlands of this class,a drainage system withsuitable
croppingplanis required.

20. iv.Class 4 lands:
•These lands have fairly good soils and generally have somewhat
steep slopes ranging between 5% to 8%.
•These lands have very severelimitations and largely restrict the crop
choiceor require very careful management.
•Lands may be suitable only for 2-3 crops which build and maintain
soil.

21. •theselands may have one or morepermanentfeatures:
i.Heavy susceptibility for erosion due to wind, water with severe
effects of past erosion.
ii.Low moisture holding capacity.
iii.Frequent overflows followed by severe crop damage.
iv.Water logging, excessive wetness and severe salinity.
v.Moderately severe climate.

22. Land capability Sub-classes:
•Lands in classes 1, 2, 3, 4 are further categorized into sub-classes
based on the following limitations:
➢'e' risk of erosion or past erosion damage.
➢'w' wetness damage or overflow.
➢'s' soil root zone limitations.
➢'c' climatic limitations

23. 2.Group 2 lands: Generally not suitable
forcultivation
i.Class 5 lands:
•These lands have slopes between 8% to 12%.
•Usually they have noor little erosion hazardbut
haveotherlimitationswhich restrict their usagemainly to forests,
wildlifefoodand cover.
•e.g.bottomlandssubjectstofrequentoverflowsthatpreventnormal
production of cultivated crops.

24. ii. Class 6 lands
•These lands have shallow soils and generally quite steep slopes ranging to 18%.
•They havesevere limitationswhich restricttheir useto pastureswith very
limitedgrazing, woodlands,wildlife foodand cover.
•Some limitations of these grounds that cannot becorrected are:
i.Severe erosion.
ii.Stony texture.
iii.Excessive wetness.
iv.Low moisture capacity.
v.Severe climate.

25. iii. Class 7 lands
•Lands in this lands are generally eroded, rough, having shallow soil
depth and steeper slopesnearly 25%.
•These soils may be swampyor droughtprone withall the limitations
of class 6lands butin a higherdegree.
•With good rainfall, they maybe usedfor forestrywith fullygreen
cover, gully control structures and severely restricted grazing.

26. vi. Class 8 lands
•These lands are rough with probably the worst soil types and
possibly steepest slopes in excess of 25%.
•They canonlybe used withverysoundgullycontrolmeasures for
forests.
•Tree felling and grazingshouldbe strictlyavoided.

27. Certain lands in group 2 can be made cultivable with major
earthmoving or other effective and costly reclamation operations.
In India, both the class 7 lands and class 8 lands are combined as
class 7 lands.

28. Acknowledgement:
Iwould like to express my special thanks of gratitude to my teacher
Miss Kanika Bhatia who gave me the golden opportunity to do this
project on the topic Multipurpose Trees Species and Land Capability.
It helped me in doing a lot of Research and Icame to know about a lot
of things related to this topic.
Secondly, I would also like to thank my friends who helped me a lot in
finalizing this project within limited time frame.