Mumps presentation s agun

1. MUMPS
Presented by:
• SAgun Paudel
• Rajiv Nepal
•Dipika Gaire

2. Introduction:
• Mumps is a contagious disease that is
caused by the mumps virus.
• Anyone who is not immune from
either previous mumps infection or from
vaccination can get mumps.
• sometimes called epidemic parotitis.

3. • Mumps typically
starts with a few days
of fever, headache,
muscle aches,
tiredness, and loss of
appetite, and is
followed by painful
swelling of salivary
glands.

4. Some facts
• Acute viral viral disease of the human
species.
• Parotitis and orchitis described by
Hippocrates in 5th century B.C.
• Viral etiology described by Johnson and
Goodpasture in 1934.
• Frequent cause of outbreaks among
military personnel in prevaccine era.

5. • Before the development of vaccination and
the introduction of a vaccine, it was a
common childhood disease worldwide.
•Mumps most commonly occurs in children
ages 2 - 12 who have not been vaccinated
against the disease.
• However, the infection can occur at any
age.

6. Mumps Epidemiology
• Reservoir : Human
• Transmission :
o Respiratory drop nuclei ,
o Subclinical infections may transmit
• Temporal pattern :
Peak in late winter and spring
• Communicability :
3 days before to 4 days after onset of active
disease

7. Incubation period
• The time between being exposed to the
virus and getting sick (incubation period)
is usually 12 - 24 days.

8. Transmission
• Mumps is a contagious disease that is spread
from person to person through contact with
respiratory secretions such as saliva from an
infected person.
• When an infected person coughs or sneezes,
the droplets aerosolize and can enter the eyes,
nose, or mouth of another person.
• Mumps can also be spread by sharing food
and drinks.

9. Mumps Virus
• Paramyxovirus, RNA
virus
• One antigenic type
• Rapidly inactivated
by chemical agents,
heat and ultraviolet
light

10. Clinical Features
•Nonspecific prodrome of low-
grade fever, headache, malaise,
myalgias
•Parotitis in 30% - 40%
•May present as lower
respiratory illness, particularly
in preschool-aged children

11. Symptoms
• An estimated 20%-30%
of cases are asymptomatic.
• Face pain
• Fever
• Headache
• Sore throat
• Swelling of the parotid glands (the largest
salivary gland)
• Swelling of the temples or jaw
(temporomandibular area)

12. Other symptoms of this disease that can
occur in males:
• Testicle lump
• Testicle pain
• Scrotal swelling
Mumps may also infect the:
Central nervous system
Pancreas

13. Signs and tests
A physical
examination confirms
the presence of the
swollen glands.
No testing is usually
required.

14. Diagnosis
• A physical examination confirms the
presence of the swollen glands.
• Usually the disease is diagnosed on clinical
grounds
• If there is uncertainty about the diagnosis, a
test of saliva, or blood may be carried out.

15. •A newer diagnostic confirmation, using
real-time nested polymerase chain
reaction (PCR) technology, has also been
developed.
•As with any inflammation of the salivary
glands, serum amylase is often elevated.

16. Treatment
• There is no specific treatment for mumps.
• Ice or heat packs applied to the neck area.
• An acetaminophen may help relieve pain.
• Do not give aspirin to children with a viral
illness because of the risk of Reye
syndrome.

17. We can also relieve symptoms
with:
• Extra fluids
• Soft foods
• Warm salt water gargles

18. Expectations (prognosis)
• Death is very unusual, disease is self-
limiting, and general outcome is good, even
if other organs are involved.
• Patients usually do well, even if other
organs are involved. After the illness, the
patient has a life-long immunity to the
mumps.

19. Complications
• Infection of other organs may occur.
CNS involvement :15% of clinical cases
Orchitis : 20% - 50% in post- pubertal males
Pancreatitis : 2% - 5%
Deafness : 1 / 20,000
Death : 1 - 3 / 10,000
• Spontaneous abortion in about 27% of
cases during the first trimester of pregnancy.
• Mild forms of meningitis in up to 10% of
cases

20. Calling your health care
provider
if you or your child has mumps and:
• Eye redness
• Persistent drowsiness
• Persistent vomiting or abdominal pain
• Severe headache
• Testicle pain or a testicle lump
• convulsions occur.

21. Prevention
• MMR immunization
(vaccine) protects against
measles, mumps, and
rubella.
• It should be given to
children 12 - 15 months
old.
• The vaccine is given
again between ages 4 - 6,
or between ages 11 - 12,
if it wasn't given before.

22. Mumps Vaccine
Composition : Live virus (Jeryl Lynn strain)
Efficacy : 95% (Range, 90% - 97%)
Duration of Immunity : Lifelong
Schedule : 2 Doses (as MMR)

23. References
• www.cdc.gov
• http://en.wikipedia.org
• Google

24. Thankyou
!