Mung bean ppt

Muung bean complete production techonolgy (AARI)

1. Mungbean

2. Outline

3. Nomenclature Kingdom: Plantae Sub-kingdom: Angiosperms Order: Fabales Family: Fabaceae Subfamily: Faboideae Tribe: Phaseoleae Genus: Vigna Species: V. radiata L.

4. Introduction The mung bean is thought to have originated from the Indian subcontinent where it was domesticated as early as 1500 BC. Now mung beans has introduced to southern and eastern Asia, Africa, Austronesia, the Americas and the West Indies. Its production and cultivated in Pakistan is given below in the table. Crop Production (000 Tonnes) Area (000 hectares) Mung bean 117.8 163.2 ( Govt. of Pakistan, 2018-19 )

5. Mungbean (Vigna radiata) is grown mainly for its edible seeds, which are cooked, fermented, roasted, sprouted, or milled. In Pakistan, Mungbean seeds, like other pulses, are split in a mill, separated from the husk, and then cooked as dal. Mungbean also is used in making soups, curries, noodles, bread, and sweets; the seeds roasted with spices are also very popular. Mungbean is easily digestible and high in protein, which averages 22–24%. The leftover leaves, stalks and husks of the mungbean plants are used as fodder, and the whole plant can be ploughed under as green manure for soil improvement. Introduction

6. Botanical Description Roots: Tap root system Rood nodules are present to fix N 2 from atmosphere greenpatchseeds.com Stem: Both upright and vine types of growth habit occur in mung bean Plants varying from 3-5 m in length gardeningknowhow.com

7. Botanical Description Leaves: highly branched and several pods growing at each leaf axil  Trifoliate in shape tcmwiki.com Flowers: Pale yellow flowers Present in the form 12-15 clusters Produces 30 to 40 pods per plant

8. Importance

9. Production technology

10. Soil Type

11. Land Preparation 2 plough followed by 1 time land leveler. Use cultivator followed by land planker. For the cultivation on the large scale, laser land levelling is recommended for better production

12. Hot and dry climate is suitable Sown in all over the Punjab but main areas Mianwali , Bhakkar And Layyah district Other districts are Sarghodha , Khushab , Jhang In SINDH: Khairpur, Sanghar , Haiderabad In KPK: Haripur, Deer and Karam agency In BALAUCHISTAN: mainly in Bolan and Gawadar distrcts . Climate and Areas

13. Sowing Method

14. Zero Tillage Sowing of Mungbean In this method mung bean are sown with the help drill without disturbing to much to the soil on heavy soils. R-R distance is maintained at 1.5 ft

15. Zero Tillage Sowing of Mung bean

16. Ridge Sowing of Mung bean In this method the seed is sown in the heavy loamed soils on then ridges with the help of ridger maintain row to row distance 2.5 ft Then field is irrigated and weedicides are sprayed on the next day in wet soil condition

17. Ridge Sowing of Mungbean

18. Broadcast Sowing of Mung Bean This method is used only light soil having low fertility. This method is also used as green manuring of the less fertile soils in the June and July months. Broad casting is usually done in dry regions.

19. Broadcast Sowing of Mungbean

20. Bed sown Mungbean

21. Drill Sowing of Mungbean Drill sowing of mung bean is recommended in loamy soils. In this R-R distance is maintained 1.5ft and P-P distance is 4-3 inches after thinning for better production

22. Drill Sown Mungbean

23. Sowing Time

24. Sowing Time Kharif season:- 80% is cultivated in this season Successfully sown in both irrigated and Barani areas 15 June to 15 July Recommended varieties PUNJAB: NM-92 and NM-98 KPK: CHAKWAL MONG-96 ,NM- 92 .NMN 96 BALAUCHISTAN: A.E.M 96 and NM-92

25. Seed Rate Seed should clean and healthy Always use approved variety 12 kg/acre for spring sown for drill sowing 10 kg/acre for June sown for drill sowing 4-5 kg/acre for both season for ridge sowing

26. Fertilizer less need of nitrogen as mungbean is a legume. It has nodulation capability which can fix atmospheric nitrogen into the soil, if seed is inoculated with bio-fertilizer using inoculants developed for nodulation of mungbean. Use nitrogen at time of sowing @ 8- 10 kg per acre to meet the requirement of crop Phosphorus help in early maturing Use phosphorus at time of sowing @ 20- 25 kg per acre To meet the requirement of crop 1 bag of DAP @ 50kg is enough .

27. Irrigation

28. weeds Deela Tandla Swanki Itsit Weedicides recommended Pre-sowing:- pendimethalin 1000ml/acre Post-sowing:- Acetachlore 1000ml/acre Roundup (Glyphosate)

29. Cyperus rotundus ( Deela )

30. Echinochloa colona ( Swanki ) Trianthema portulacastrum ( itsit )

31. Diseases Yellow Mosaic Virus attack on Mung bean: is the most serious problem of mungbean in the country. The affected plants show yellow mottled symptoms. Planting of yellow mosaic virus resistant varieties is the best control measure. This is caused by a white fly therefore, control of fly is essential. The control can be made by spray of any suitable pesticide and eradicate the affected plant materials or burn the diseased plants to destroy the virus.

32. Leaf Crinkle: It is a disease caused by a virus which stays inside the seed and cannot be seen with naked eyes or ordinary microscope and is caused by movement of aphids. The leaves are crinkled and ultimately result into complete loss of production. The control is made by (a) using virus free and healthy seed (b) destroy the affected leaves (c) control of aphids which cause leaf crinkle (d) use disease resistant varieties .

33. Insect Pest Management Aphids They usually occur on mungbean. If you notice unusually high aphid populations (over 20 insects/ plant), spray an insecticide such as dimethoate once a week until aphids are eradicated .

34. Bean fly It is the most important insect pest of mungbean. It causes significant damage during the seedling stage. The adult flies are too tiny and cannot be recognized easily. The bean fly maggots feed inside the plant stem and their damage cannot be seen from the outside. Mungbean must be protected against bean flies. Monocrotophos or dimethoate can be sprayed at 3, 7, 14, 21, 28, and 35 days after emergence. The first three sprays are very important and must not be delayed.

35. Insecticides Bifenthrin 10EC 250ml/acre Chlorfenapyr 100ml/acre Imeda chloperid 250 ml/acre

36. Harvesting Pod maturity in mungbean is not uniform because the plants flower over an extended period. This makes it difficult to decide when to harvest. Can be harvested after 80-110 days Should be harvested when more than 80% pods are dried.

37. Harvesting Generally harvest should begin when one half to two-thirds of the pods are mature and having seed moisture between 13-15%. Can be harvested by both manually and mechanically.

38. Production Constraints

39. NIAB Mung-2006 NIAB Mung-98 Important Varieties:

40. Other Varieties NIAB Mung-2016 Mung-92 Mung-98 AZRI-2006 AZRI-2018 P.I.R-2018 Bahawalpur mung-2017 Chakwal Mung-6

41. Bibliography http://www.valleyirrigationpakistan.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/09/Mung-bean-Cultivation-in-Pakistan.pdf Production technology of Mungbean published by AARI 2020-21