muscles of the foot.pptx

anatomy of the muscles of the foot

1. The Plantar Muscles of the Foot 1.Plantar Aponeurosis ( aponeurosis plantaris ; plantar fascia ). First layer Abductor hallucis Flexor digitorum brevis Abductor digiti minimi Second layer 1.Quadratus plantae (flexor digitorum accessorius ) 2.Lumbricles Third layer 1.Flexor hallucis brevis 2.Adductor hallucis 3.Flexor digiti minimi brevis Fourth layer 1.Plantar introssei 2. Dorsal interossei

2. First layer Abductor hallucis Flexor digitorum brevis Abductor digiti minimi

3. Second layer 1.Quadratus plantae (flexor digitorum accessorius ) 2.Lumbricles

4. Third layer 1.Flexor hallucis brevis 2.Adductor hallucis 3.Flexor digiti minimi brevis

5. Fourth layer 1. Dorsal interossei

6. Fourth layer 1.Plantar introssei

7. Muscles of the Sole of the Foot (First Layer) abductor hallucis medial tubercle of calcaneum ; flexor retinaculum medial side, base of proximal phalanx of big toe medial plantar nerve flexes, abducts big toe; supports medial arch flexor digitorum brevis medial tubercle of calcaneum middle phalanx of four lateral toes medial plantar nerve flexes lateral four toes; supports medial & lateral longitudinal arches abductor digiti minimi medial & lateral tubercles of calcaneum lateral side base of proximal phalanx 5th toe lateral plantar nerve flexes, abducts 5th toe; supports lateral longitudinal arch

8. muscles of Sole of Foot (Second Layer ) flexor accessorius ( quadratus plantae ) medial and lateral sides of calcaneum tendons flexor digitorum longus lateral plantar nerve aids long flexor tendon to flex lateral four toes lumbricals tendons of flexor digitorum longus dorsal extensor expansion of lateral four toes 1st lumbrical from medial plantar; remainder lumbricals from deep branch of lateral plantar nerve extends toes at interphalangeal joints

9. Muscles of Sole of Foot (Third Layer) flexor hallucis brevis cuboid , lateral cuneiform bones; tibialis posterior insertion medial & lateral sides of base of proximal phalanx of big toe medial plantar nerve flexes metatarsophalangeal joint of big toe; supports medial longitudinal arch adductor hallucis (oblique head) bases of 2nd, 3rd & 4th metatarsal bones lateral side base of proximal phalanx big toe deep branch of lateral plantar flexes big toe, supports transverse arch adductor hallucis (transverse head) plantar ligaments lateral side of base of proximal phalanx big toe deep branch of lateral plantar nerve flexes big toe; supports transverse arch flexor digiti minimi brevis base of 5th metatarsal bone lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of big toe superior branch of lateral plantar nerve flexes little toe

10. Muscles of Sole of Foot (Fourth Layer) dorsal interossei (4) adjacent sides of metatarsal bones bases of phalanges and dorsal expansion of corresponding toes lateral plantar nerve abduct toes with 2nd toe as the reference; flex metatarsophalangeal joints; extend interphalangeal joint plantar interossei (3) 3rd, 4th, and 5th metatarsal bones bases of phalanges & dorsal expansion of corresponding toes lateral plantar nerve adduct toes with 2nd toe as reference; flex metatarsophalangeal joints; extend interphalangeal joints