muscleskeleton grade 5 sciece student book.ppt

skeletal and muscular system in human body

1. 10/06/24
1
The Skeletal
and
Muscular
Systems

2. Today’s Warm-Up
Skeletal facts…
1.How many bones are in the average adult
human body?
2.How many bones does a baby have?
3.What/where is the longest bone on the body?
4.What/where is the smallest bone in the body?

206
The “femur” or thighbone
3 bones in the middle ear- stirrup, anvil & hammer

3. Structure and Function
The skeletal system includes bones and tissues
that are important for supporting, protecting, and
moving your body.

4. Parts of the skeletal system
•Bones (skeleton)
•Cartilage
•Joints: hold bones together
& mobility
•Ligaments & Tendons

5. Your skeletal system is made up of
the appendicular and axial
skeletons.

6. •The appendicular skeleton includes legs,
arms, feet and hands.
–allows for movement
–includes bones called girdles that connect
limbs to body

7. •The axial skeleton includes the skull, rib
cage, and spinal column.
skull
rib
breastbone
vertebra
–supports body and protects
tissues
–allows for limited movement

8. –cushions bones
–allows for smooth movement
(damaged cartilage leads to
joint pain)
–connects two bones
–As you age much of your
cartilage is gradually broken
down & replaced by bone
•Cartilage is connective tissue between bones.

9. Bones connect to form joints.
•Joints are places where two bones meet.
•There are three types of joints.
–Immoveable or
fibrous, which does not
allow for movement
fibrous joint

10. Bones connect to form joints.
•Joints are places were two bones meet.
•There are three types of joints.
cartillage
–Semi-moveable or cartilaginous, which allows
partial movement

11. Bones connect to form joints.
–Moveable or synovial,
which allows for
greater movement
–Mostly found on the
appendicular skeleton
•Joints are places were two bones meet.
•There are three types of joints.
X-ray of a normal knee

12. Types of Synovial Joints

13. •Ligaments are long bands of tissue that
connect bones across a joint.
ligament
Ligaments

14. Bones are living tissue.
•Bone is made of compact bone tissue and
spongy bone tissue.
Compact bone
Spongy bone

16. •Compact bone is hard and dense.
–Osteocytes (bone cells) maintain compact
bone rings.
–Haversian canals allow blood vessels in the
bone.
osteocytes
blood vessel
Haversian canals

17. •Spongy bone protects red or yellow
bone marrow.
–Red bone marrow produces blood cells.
–Yellow bone marrow is mostly fat.
Periosteum
A layer of connective
tissue that covers bone
Red bone marrow

18. The Muscular System

19. Structure and Function
Muscles are tissues that can contract,
enabling movement.

20. • They provide movement
and force.
• There are 3 types of
muscle tissue:
- skeletal,
- smooth,
- cardiac
• Muscle tissue is made up
of muscle fibers
• Most muscles work in pairs
Muscles make up the bulk of the body
and account for 1/3 of its weight.