Mushroom Cultivation - Process

Mushroom farming is basically the business of growing fungi. Nowadays, mushroom cultivation is the most productive and profitable business in India.

1. MUSHROOM CULTIVATION

2. What is Mushroom Cultivation

3. Mushroom farming can be defined as the business of growing fungi. Currently, mushroom cultivation is one of the most productive and profitable ventures in India. It is gradually gaining popularity in India because, in a short time, it helps farmers to convert their hard work into profit. Farmers pursue mushroom cultivation as an alternate source of money in India. Mushroom production in India is mainly concentrated in Uttar Pradesh, Kerala and Tripura. Mushrooms are not only delicious, but contain many other nutrients such as proteins, fibres, potassium, copper, zinc, selenium, magnesium, and cancer-fighting ingredients. INTRODUCTION

4. Types of Mushroom Cultivation in India 1. Button Mushrooms 2. Oyster Mushrooms 3. Paddy Straw Mushrooms

5. Currently, mushroom harvesting is the most profitable business idea in India. The practice is rapidly gaining popularity across India, especially among the new-age farmers who want to earn more profit in less time—the next few slides will present some of the easy steps to harvest mushrooms in India. How to Do Mushroom Harvesting in India?

6. 1. Button Mushroom In the f ollowing few slides, we are presenting a quick snapshot of the process to grow button mushrooms.

7. Making compost is the first step in growing button mushrooms. This process is done in the open. Button mushrooms are grown on clean platforms made from concrete. Compost is classified under 2 types, both of which have been explained in the next slide. Making Compost

8. (a). Natural Compost - Natural compost comes from nature. Natural materials such as wheat straw, horse dunk, gypsum and poultry manure are used for making compost for button mushrooms. These materials are blended and spread on the compost yard, after which is is sprayed with water (b). Synthetic Compost - Materials like urea, gypsum, bran, wheat straw, and ammonium nitrate/ammonium sulphate are required to prepare synthetic compost. The straw is cut in a length of about 8-20 cm. A fine layer of cut straws is spread on the compost and water is sprayed on it. Lastly, a mixture of other raw materials for compost is spread on this platform.

9. At the time of preparation, the colour of compost turns dark brown. The compost should not be too wet or dry at the time of spreading it on the tray. If the compost is dry, then spray a little amount of water on it. The compost must be made of soft wood, and it is best to use a tray 15 to 18 cm deep. Otherwise, use the tray according to your comfort. Fill the Compost in Tray Spawning The next step in the process is Spawning. It is the process of sowing mycelium into the beds. There are 2 ways to spawn: you can either spread the compost on the tray bed directly, or you can blend mycelium with compost before spreading it on the tray. You have to cover the tray with a newspaper after sprinkling the water and spawning to maintain moisture in the tray.

10. The next step is to cover the tray with a thick layer of soil. You can make this soil by blending garden soil and rotten cow dung. This soil is known as casing soil. This casing soil has a good water holding capacity. Casing Harvesting Mushrooms The next step in button mushroom farming is harvesting. After 15-20 days of casing and 35-40 days of spawning, mushrooms’ pinheads start appearing. All you now have to do is to hold the head firmly and twist it softly from the soil. Finally, it is not advisable to store mushrooms in the refrigerator for more than 3-4 days. Use a moist towel to cover mushrooms to enhance their shelf-life.

11. 2. Oyster mushroom Let’s check out below. Oyster mushroom is delicious and has the most uncomplicated production process. This type of mushroom does not require conditions like button mushrooms. Oyster mushrooms contain less fat; that is why doctors suggest oyster mushroom to diabetic and blood pressure patients. Let us now take a look at the process of growing oyster mushroom farming in India.

12. To grow oyster mushrooms, you can use banana tree wastes, paper waste, cotton waste, and paper waste. Process of Substrate (a). Rectangular blocks Take a rectangular block of a wooden frame without base and with the help of a polythene sheet, make a base by laying down a thin bed of paddy straw. Remember that it should be wet. Now, spread spawns all over it and add another thin sheet of paddy straw. Repeat the process 3-4 times with a paddy straw layer on the top. (b). Polythene bags Now, cut paddy straws in tiny pieces and properly wet pieces with water. The excess water will separate from the straw and store it in a polythene bag consisting of small holes for air circulation. Lastly, blend the spawns with paddy straw in 0.2:6 ratio.

13. Process of Spawning After 10-12 days, you will witness the appearance of small buds and straws getting locked amongst themselves. This is the best time to remove the polythene and put on shelves. Remember to water on the shelf twice a day. Follow the same process for harvesting and storing the oyster mushrooms.

14. 3. Paddy Straw Mushrooms Let’s check out below. Paddy Straw Mushrooms are the most popular mushrooms eaten in the world. They are mostly grown in South-east Asia. It is the most profitable activity among all types to grow paddy straw mushrooms and requires less investment. Check out the paddy straw mushroom cultivation procedure below.

15. To grow paddy straw mushrooms, you have to first soak paddy straws. When they are fully spawned, they are called straw spawn. Spawning Bedding Now, prepare a strong base of bricks and soil strong enough to hold all the weight. Place eight bunches of straws with four on each side and spread spawns on the edges of straws. Repeat these steps continuously to complete the process. Mushrooming In about 15-16 days, mushrooms start appearing. Lastly, follow the same process for storing the mushrooms.

16. What is the Cost of Mushroom Cultivation in India? Nowadays, mushroom industries in India are growing rapidly in terms of market value, demand and benefits. Many young farmers want to grow mushrooms and the main question they have related to mushroom farming is ‘what is the cost required to undertake mushroom cultivation?’. Here, we have tried to answer this question. The total cost of mushroom cultivation in India is approximately Rs. 1,50,000. This includes the cost of Scrap Wooden Shelves (Rs. 20,000), cost of Construction for rooms (Rs. 1,25,000), and other Miscellaneous costs (Rs. 5000).

17. Want to start a Mushroom Cultivation Business in India? At present, the government is focusing on Indian agriculture, and provides training to farmers for better and effective productivity. Joining mushroom cultivation training organised by the government is the best opportunity if you are interested in Mushroom farming. Under the training programs, you can take mushroom cultivation training online , which is the easiest way to learn. This was all about Mushroom farming in India and the process to grow different types of mushrooms. In the end, we will show guide you on where to take Mushroom Farming Training from. I hope this presentation helped you gain all the relevant information regarding mushroom farming in India. With this, you can easily grow mushrooms and earn a lot of profit. For more information, stay connected with TractorJunction. Mushroom Farming Training in India

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