Music-Of-the-20st-Century-pptx.MAPEH G10

The musics and composers of the 21st Century

1. Music Of the 20 st Century The rise of the musical styles moving away from the conventions of earlier western classical music.

2. Impressionism expressionism neo- classicism avant-garde modern nationalism ELECTRONIC MUSIC CHANCE MUSIC

3. IMPRESSIONISM – based on the art movement started by 19 the century ,PARIS- BASED VISUAL ARTISTS, specifically CLAUDE MONET through his , IMPRESSION SUNRISE. Favor of moods and impressions that suggests reality not to depict it, the themes and melodies were easy to recognize and enjoy. The sounds of chords overlapped lightly with each other to produce new subtle musical colors and using the whole tone scale. Most of the impressionist works centered on nature and its beauty, lightness, and brilliance.

4. FAMOUS PROPONENTS 1. CLAUDE DEBUSSY – (1862-1918) one of the most important, influential and primary, exponent composers of the 20 th century. changed the traditional rules and conventions into a new language of possibilities in harmony, rhythm, form, texture and color.

5. L’ Enfant Prodigue ( The Prodigal Son) – won the top prize in Prix de Rome competition. Claire de Lune ( moonlight) his signature work La Mer – about the sea JOSEPH MAURICE RAVEL ( 1875- 1937)A perfectionist and every bit a musical craftsman. Strongly adhered to the classical form, a strong advocate of Russian music. Many of his works deal with WATER in its flowing or stormy moods as well as HUMAN characterization. Bolero – signature composition

6. Comparative style of Debussy and Ravel Debussy was more spontaneous and liberal in form. Ravel was very attentive to the classical norms of musical structure. EXPRESSIONISM – revealed the composer’s mind , instead of presenting an impression of the environment, using the Twelve- Tone scale, served as the medium for expressing strong emotions, anger, anxiety , rage and alienation

7. ARNOLD SCHOENBERG (1874-1951) credited for his twelve -tone series with dissonant and atonal. His music is extremely complex, creating heavy demands on the listener, thus were met extreme reactions--- either strong hostility from the general public or enthusiastic acclaim from his supporters. Sprechtimme a half- sung and half -spoken tyle. A Survivor from Warsaw- about the holocaust period. Pierrot Lunaire – a lovesick clown IGOR STRAVINSKY –(1882-1971)featured the shifting rhythms and polytonality.

8. Stravinsky’s music is very structured, precise, controlled, full of artifice and theatricality. Firebird Suite- used for Diaghilev’s Russian Ballet. The Rite of Spring – sense of tonality was abandoned, also portrayed the character of a pagan rite. PRIMITIVISM –combines two familiar or simple ideas together creating new sounds. It has links to : A.Exoticism – using materials from other culture. B. Nationalism – using materials of indigenous to specific countries. C. Ethnicism – using materials from European ethnic group. 2 well- known proponents of Primitivism are: IGOR STRAVINSKY and BELA BARTOK

9. Neo- classicism – the moderating factor between the emotional excesses of the romantic period and the violent impulses of the soul in expressionism. SERGEI PROKOFIEFF ( 1891- 1953) A neo- classicist, nationalist and avant - garde composer, known for his progressive technique, pulsating rhythms, melodic directness, and resolving dissonance musical style. PETER and the WOLF - ,a light-hearted orchestral work intended for children, to appease the continuing government crackdown on avant-garde composer at that time. FRANCIS POULENC – a wealthy member of the French composers “LES SIX”. His music had a coolly elegant modernity, tempered by a classical sense of proportion. LES MAMELLES DE TERESIAS – being a lighthearted character. LA VOIX HUMANE – reflects his own turbulent life.

10. AVANT – GARDE MUSIC – dealt with the parameters or dimensions of sound in space. Improvisation was a necessity in this style. GE ORGE GERSHWIN – a crossover artist and considered as the FATHER of AMERICAN JAZZ. His works range from classical music to song for stage and film. PHILIP GLASS – one of the most commercially successful minimalist composer , exploring the territories of ballet, opera ,theater, film and television jingles.

11. ELECTRONIC MUSIC – music / sound produces through electronic means. MUSIQUE CONCRETE – the use of tape recorder , record the different sounds heard from the environment. In musique concrete the composer is able to, experiment sounds that cannot be produced by regular musical instrument like piano and violin. EDGARD VARESE – (1883-1965) called as an innovative French composer pioneered and created new sounds that bordered between music and noise. “The FATHER of ELECTRONIC MUSIC “and “THE STRATSPHERIC COLOSSUS of SOUND” POEME ELECTRONIQUE KARLHEINZ STOCKHAUSEN (1928) the central figure in the realm of music. His music met with resistance due to its heavily atonal content with practically no clear melodic or rhythmic sense .

12. W orks : Kontakte – pushed tape machine to its limit. Hymnen – 40 juxtaposed songs and anthems around the world. Helicopter String Quartet – string quartet performs while in four different helicopters. CHANCE MUSIC – a style in which the piece sounds different at every performance because of the random technique of producing sounds.., like sounds from the environment, both natural and man-made,. As such the combination of external sounds cannot duplicated as each happens by chance. JOHN CAGE – (1912-1992) he challenged the very idea of music by manipulating musical instruments in order to achieve new sounds. He created PREPARED PIANO, where screws and pieces of woods and paper were inserted between the piano strings to produce different percussive possibilities. FOUR MINUTES and 33 SECONDS- convey the impossibility of achieving total silence.

13. THAT’S ALL THANK YOU