MX3084 DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT.pptx

Disaster Mgmt

1. MX3084 DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT Dr.P.ASHA

2. Hazard Hazards are defined as physical phenomena that pose a threat to the people, structures or economic assets and which may cause a disaster. two types of hazards, namely: l Natural - These are hazards caused by nature such as floods, droughts, earthquake cyclones, tsunami, landslides etc lI Human made - These are hazards that are caused by human beings either deliberately or by accident such as industrial and chemical accident, road and railway accidents, aviation disasters, fire, building collapse, communal violence, bomb blasts etc.

3. Vulnerability It is the extent to which a community, structure, service or geographic area is likely to be damaged or disrupted by the impact of a particular hazard on account of its nature, construction, and proximity to hazardous terrain or a disaster prone area.

4. Disaster Disaster is defined as a catastrophe, mishap, calamity or a grave occurrence in any area arising out of natural or man made causes, or by accident or negligence, which results in substantial loss of life and human suffering or damage to, or destruction of, or degradation of environment, and is of such a nature, or magnitude as to be beyond, the coping capacity of the affected community of the affected area

5. A hazard is a potential source of harm, while a disaster is the negative impact that occurs when a hazard actually happens :

6. Relationship between hazard, vulnerability and disaster A disaster happens when a hazard impacts on a vulnerable population and causes damage, casualities and disruption. An earthquake in an uninhabited desert cannot be considered a disaster, no matter how strong the intensity might be. An earthquake is disastrous when it affects people, infrastructure and activities. l hazard × vulnerability = disaster When extent of hazard and vulnerability is low, the resulting disaster will also be of small magnitude. lI HAZARD × vulnerability = disaster When extent of hazard is high but vulnerability is low then the disaster will be of small magnitude. IIl Hazard × VULNERABILITY = disaster When vulnerability is high but extent of hazard is small then the resulting disaster will also be of small magnitude. l V HAZARD × VULNERABILITY = DISASTER When extent of hazard is very high and the vulnerability is also high then it will result in a huge disaster

7. Capacity or resilience Capacity is knowledge, skills, resources, abilities and strength, present in individuals, households and communities, which enable them to prevent, prepare for, stand against, survive and recover from a disaster

8. examples of capacity Permanent houses Adequate food and income sources Fire stations Developed health infrastructure, Good Community Networks for support Local knowledge Strong community leadership and organizations

9. References https://egyankosh.ac.in/bitstream/123456789/58953/1/Unit1.pdf https://ebooks.inflibnet.ac.in/geop15/chapter/hazard-vulnerability-and-risks/

10. Risk Risk is the expected damage or loss due to the combination of vulnerability and hazards. Risk is the probability of harmful consequences or expected losses (deaths, injuries, property, livelihoods, economic activity disrupted or environment damaged) resulting from interaction between natural or human-induced hazards and vulnerable conditions (HPC Report, 2001).