MySQL - NDB Cluster

Introduction to MySQL NDB cluster and internal mechanisms.

1. MySQL Cluster
Bhanuka Mahanama (rmaha002)
Yasith Jayawardana (pjaya001)
Gavindya Jayawardena (hjaya001)

Group # 4

CS450/550 DATABASE CONCEPTS
Student Topic Presentation
Topic: MySQL Cluster - Group: 4

2. Overview
●Introduction
○What is MySQL Cluster?
○History
●Taxonomy & Architecture
○MySQL Cluster Architecture
○Types of MySQL Clusters
○How Data is Stored
●Comparison
○Similarities and Differences
○Advantages and Disadvantages
●Examples and Applications
2 Topic: MySQL Cluster - Group: 4

3. What is MySQL Cluster?
Is a Distributed, Highly Available, and Scalable version of MySQL
3
Scalability
●Can easily add / remove nodes
●Data partitioning 03
High Availability02
●Remains available even when some nodes fail
●No Single Point of Failure
Distributed ●Runs on more than one node 01
Topic: MySQL Cluster - Group: 4

4. History
●Developed by Ericsson in the late 90’s
[1,2]

●Initially designed for Telecommunication Applications
Paper: "Design and Modeling of a Parallel Data Server for Telecom Applications"
[3]

○High availability and reliability – downtime less than 30 seconds / year
[2]

○High throughput and linear scalability when adding more servers
[2]

●Later Acquired by MySQL
●Incorporated as a Storage Engine
[1] https://web.archive.org/web/20040202195548/http://www.mysql.com/press/release_2003_30.html
[2] https://downloads.mysql.com/presentations/3_MySQL_Use_Case_for_TELCO_Europe.pdf
[3] Ronström, M., & Ab, E. U. (1998). Design and Modelling of a Parallel Data Server for Telecom Applications. Computer and Information Science, Linköping University.
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Topic: MySQL Cluster - Group: 4

5. MySQL Cluster Architecture
●Key Components
○Connection Management
○SQL Parser
○Storage Engine

●Cluster Storage Engines
○InnoDB Cluster
○Network Database (NDB) Cluster

Source: http://books.gigatux.nl
5
MySQL Architecture
Topic: MySQL Cluster - Group: 4

6. MySQL Cluster Architecture
●Key Components
○Connection Management
○SQL Parser
○Storage Engine

●Cluster Storage Engines
○InnoDB Cluster
○Network Database (NDB) Cluster

Source: http://books.gigatux.nl
6
MySQL Cluster Architecture
Topic: MySQL Cluster - Group: 4

7. Architecture of NDB Cluster
●Node types
○Access nodes (SQL nodes)
○Data nodes
○Management nodes

●Node groups
○Collection of data nodes
NDB Cluster Components
7
Topic: MySQL Cluster - Group: 4

8. Architecture of NDB Cluster
●Node types
○Access nodes (SQL nodes)
○Data nodes
○Management nodes

●Node groups
○Collection of data nodes
NDB Cluster Components
8
Topic: MySQL Cluster - Group: 4

9. Architecture of NDB Cluster
●Node types
○Access nodes (SQL nodes)
○Data nodes
○Management nodes

●Node groups
○Collection of data nodes
NDB Cluster Components
9
Topic: MySQL Cluster - Group: 4

10. Architecture of NDB Cluster
●Node types
○Access nodes (SQL nodes)
○Data nodes
○Management nodes

●Node groups
○Collection of data nodes
NDB Cluster Components
10
Topic: MySQL Cluster - Group: 4

11. Architecture of NDB Cluster
●Node types
○Access nodes (SQL nodes)
○Data nodes
○Management nodes

●Node groups
○Collection of data nodes
NDB Cluster Components
11
Topic: MySQL Cluster - Group: 4

12. Sharding / Data Partitioning
●Uses primary key as shard key

●Generate hash from shard key

●Shard based on hash
12
Source: https://docs.oracle.com
Topic: MySQL Cluster - Group: 4

13. Scalability
●Adding SQL nodes
○SQL capacity

●Node groups
○Read/ Write throughput
○Total resources
○Geo redundancy

●Scale out online
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NDB Cluster Scalability

14. Scalability
●Adding SQL nodes
○SQL capacity

●Node groups
○Read/ Write throughput
○Total resources
○Geo redundancy

●Scale out online
14Topic: MySQL Cluster - Group: 4
NDB Cluster Scalability

15. Comparison
Similarities and Differences
MySQL NDB MySQL InnoDB MongoDB Cassandra
Query Language SQL MQL CQL
Data Model Relational NoSQL
Architecture Shared-Nothing Master-Slave No Master
Persistence In-Memory Memory + Disk
Consistency Strong Weak Eventual
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16. Comparison
Advantages and Disadvantages
MySQL NDB MySQL InnoDB
Sharding ✔ -
Load Balancing ✔ -
CPU-Level Optimization ✔ -
Span across regions ✔ ✔
Scaling Read, Write Read
Consistency Read, Write Write
Configuration complexity High Low
Cost of management High Low
Administrative / Monitoring tools Custom
(Proprietary)
Standard (Free)
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17. Examples & Applications
●Telecommunication
○Mobile network operators
○Network equipment providers
●E-commerce applications
●Financial systems
●High volume online transaction
processing systems
○Point of sales processing


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Topic: MySQL Cluster - Group: 4

18. Summary
●MySQL Cluster is a Distributed, Highly Available, Scalable version of MySQL
●Key Components of MySQL Cluster Architecture
●Types of MySQL Clusters
○InnoDB Cluster
○Network Database (NDB) Cluster
●Comparison of MySQL Cluster
○Compare with other DBMS
○Compare InnoDB and NDB Types

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19. References
https://downloads.mysql.com/presentations/3_MySQL_Use_Case_for_TELCO_Europe.pdf

https://www.mysql.com/why-mysql/case-studies/#en-5-28

https://www.mysql.com/customers/

https://www.itcentralstation.com/products/comparisons/ibm-db2-database_vs_mysql

https://db-engines.com/en/system/Cassandra%3BMongoDB%3BMySQL

https://phoenixnap.com/kb/cassandra-vs-mongodb

https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/mysql-cluster-overview.html







19Topic: MySQL Cluster - Group: 4