Nanomaterials and their classification

here you can find the most rare topics in detail
all fields of chemistry are deeply understood here for presenting the lectures
stay blessed and keep supporting

1. Nanomaterials and their Classification By Suleman Hanif

2. Historical background Nanoparticles were firstly used in 9 th century for generating Glittering effect on surface of pots. Richard A. Zsigmonday firstly observed and measured size of nanomaterials, He also used the term ‘ nanometer’for characterizing particle size. Richard Feyman in 1959 lectured, ‘there is plenty of room at bottom’ and provided the inspiration to the field of nanotechnology. A Japanese scientist Norio Taniguchi firstly used the term ‘ Nanotechnology’in 1974.

3. Historical background With the invention of scanning tunnelling microscope and discovery of fullerenes in 80s, nanotechnology has greatly emerged. In early 2000s, there were seen a huge landmark in applications of nanomaterials. Nanotechnology is the technology usinfobjects or structures or phenomena at nanometer scale.

4. Introduction What are nanomaterials? The set of substances where at least one dimension is less than approximately 100 nanometers . The chemical and physical properties of solid materials strongly depend on size and the shape of small particles. Nanochemistry is the synthesis, analysis and characterization of chemical compounds at nanoscale.

5. Introduction Nanomaterials are based on nanoscience and nanotechnology Nanoscience is the science of objects in the size regime of nanometer where the particles perform some special properties Nanotechnology is the technology using objects or structure or phenomena at nanometer scale.

6. Introduction What is special about Nanotechnology ? It is incredibly broad, interdisciplinary field Require expertise in physics, chemistry, material science and biology. Boundary line between atoms, molecules and the macroworld

7. Introduction Particles having size in the range of 1 to 100 nm are termed as nanoparticles and the applications of nanoparticles is whatever called nanotechnology.

8. Classification Classification of nanomaterials in based on Origin Dimension Structure

9. Classification Classification on the basis of Origin Natural nanomaterials : coming from resource of nature, these are virus, protiens and antibodies. Some minerals like clay, gelatin , natural collides, shells and coral etc are natural nanomerials . Artificial nanomaterials : those which are prepared deliberately through a well defined mechanical and fabrication processes, like carbon nano tubes, quantum dots and semiconductor nanparticles .

10. Classification Classification on the basis of Materials Carbon based materials: mostly carbon composed, hollow spheres (fullerenes) or tubes (nanotubes), these have wide potential applications. Metal based materials : Quantum dosts , nanogold, nanosilver and metal oxides like TiO 2 are examples of it. Dendrimers: nanosized polymers built from branched units are dendrimers. Surfaces of dendrimers has branch ends performing special function. They are used in drug delivery. Composites: these are bulk type materials

11. Classification Classification on the basis of Dimensions Zero-dimensional : these are the materials wherein all the dimensions are determined They have no dimension or 0-D, larger than 100nm. These are nanoparticles, they might be crystalline, amorphous, single crystalline or polycrystalline. The term nanoparticles encompass all 0-D nanosized building blocks (regardless of size and morphology).

12. Classification Classification on the basis of Dimensions Zero-dimensional : these are the materials wherein all the dimensions are determined They have no dimension or 0-D, larger than 100nm. These are nanoparticles, they might be crystalline, amorphous, single crystalline or polycrystalline. The term nanoparticles encompass all 0-D nanosized building blocks (regardless of size and morphology).

13. Classification Classification on the basis of Dimensions Zero-dimensional : in past 10 years, significant progress has been seen in 0-D nanoparticles. In well controlled dimensions a variety of properties has been developed for fabrication 0-D NMs. Recently, 0-D such as uniform particle array (quantum dots) amd heterogenous particles arrays , core shel quantum dots have been studies in LEDs, solar cells and single electron transisters .

14. Classification

15. Classification Classification on the basis of Dimensions One-dimensional (1-D) : System confined to one dimensional nanomaterials are 100nm films, coatings and multilayer materials.

16. Classification Classification on the basis of Dimensions One-dimensional : have been extensively studied because both of their functional properties and highly controllable morphology. From past decade, have been used in research and development. Plays an important role as both interconnects and the key units in fabricating electronic, optoelectronic nanoscale dimensions,

17. Classification Classification on the basis of Dimensions One-dimensional : impacted nanoelectronics, nanodevices and systems, nanocomposite materials and national security.

18. Classification Classification on the basis of Dimensions Two-dimensional (2D):

19. Classification Classification on the basis of Dimensions Two-dimensional (2D): exhibits plate like shapes including nanofilms, nanolayers and nancoatings Made up of various compositions like multi and single layered and matrix. 2D nanostructures have two dimensions outside the nanometric size range (100nm). Interesting for investigation and developing novel applications in sensors, photocatalysts, nanocontainers, nanoreactors and templates for 2D structures of materials.

20. Classification Classification on the basis of Dimensions Three-dimensional (3D): 3D nanostructures have three dimensions outside/above the nanometric size range (100nm). Possess a nanocrystalline structure. Can contain dispersions of nanoparticles, bundles of nanowires and nanotubes as well as multi nano layers.

21. Classification Classification on the basis of Dimensions Three-dimensional (3D): Due to large surface area, these have attracted considerable research interest. Very much important materials due to its wide range of applications in area of catalysis, magnetic material and electrode material for batteries. Due to large surface area these have been used in research for transporting of molecules due to its porosity.

22. THANK YOU