nasal_drug_delivery (gasha institute ).pptx

ppt

1. NASAL DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM Department of pharmacy Dr . M uhanad Al- Rabaty theoretical lecture 1

2. 2 A dvantage s of nasal DD Large nasal mucosal surface area for dose absorption Rapid drug absorption via highly-vascularized mucosa Rapid onset of action Ease of administration, non-invasive

3. 3 Avoidance of first-pass metabolism which improved bioavailability Direct delivery of vaccine to lymphatic tissue Lower dose/reduced side effects Self-administration .

4. 4 Disadvantages Nasal cavity provides smaller absorption surface when compared to GIT . nasal irritation . Absorption limited by the mucous layer and effect of mucocilliary clearance.

5. Pathway of Absorption 5

6. 13 Applications of nasal drug delivery For local effect (oxymetazoline) Systemic effect ( Desmopresine) Brain targeting ( Zolmitriptan) Vaccine delivery (Human influenza vaccine (FluMist®)

7. NASAL DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM DOSAGE FORMS 7 Liquid dosage forms ( solution, suspension & emulsions ) Nasal Drops, Nasal sprays , Nasal wash Semi-solid dosage forms ( Nasal gels , creams and ointments) Solid dosage forms ( Nasal powders ) ( Insufflator) Novel drug formulations ( Carriers ) (Liposomes, Microspheres, and Nanoparticles)

8. 16 1. Liquid nasal formulations These are usually aqueous solutions, suspensions or emulsions of the drug. The simplest way to give a liquid is by nasal drops. They are simple to develop and manufacture compared to solid dosage forms

9. Delivery Devices for liquid dosage form: 1 . Instillation and rhinyle catheter 9

10. 2. Droppers (Squeezed bottle ) Squeeze bottles are mainly used to deliver some over-the-counter (OTC) products like topical decongestants These are used for nasal decongestant The dose and particle size vary with the force applied. 10

11. 3. Nasal Spray : (Metered-dose pump system) 11

12. 3. Nasal Spray : (Metered-dose pump system) This type of pumps was developed 50 years ago. They can deliver solutions, suspensions or emulsions . 12

13. 2- Semi-solid dosage forms 13 Semi-solid systems, for example gels, ointments

14. Nasal gel 14 Gels are semisolid preparations ( high-viscosity thickened solutions or suspensions) . advantages including: Reduced mucociliary clearance Masked unpleasant taste of the formulation due to reduced accessibility of the formulation to the nasopharynx .

15. Reduced loss of the formulation from nostril while breathing or sneezing. Minimized irritation due to the soothing effect of excipients used in nasal gel. Enhanced retention time 34

16. 3- Powder dosage form for intranasal delivery Good for unstable drugs. Residence of the powdered drug in the nose can be improved compared to liquid formulations. 16

17. Delivery devices of powdered nasal formulations 43 Penn-Century Dry Powder Insufflator

18. 18 Nasal Wash Nasal wash is a practice that involves pouring a hydro-saline solution into the nose, allowing the liquid to flow into one nostril and then letting it pour out from the other.

19. Expel impurities and keep the mucosa cleansed and moisturized improves breathing . E.g : Otosan Nasal Wash 19

20. Thank you Any question? 20