National and emotional integration

A basic Introduction to national and emotional integration with an explanation

1. TOPIC – NATIONAL AND EMOTIONAL INTEGRATION SUBMITTED BY-ANJALI CHOUDHARY

2. The term “integration” refers to a process whereby the quality of relations among autonomous social units (kinship groups, tribes, cities, trade unions, trade associations, political parties) changes in such a way as to erode the autonomy of each and make it part of a larger aggregate. INTERGRATION

3. National Integration most simply and briefly means national unity. National integration is the awareness of a common identity amongst the citizens of a country.  It is unity in diversity. National Integration involves : The sentiments of nationalism the feeling of oneness. 2. Social, political, economic, linguistic and cultural unity, common ideas of life and common code of behaviour. National Integration

4. SIGNIFICANCE OF NATIONAL INTEGRATION Nations are built on the strength of integration. Integration begins at home Prior to the discussion on national integration, there is need for the integration in family. Until there is integration at home, it is not possible to have integration in the society, the nation, and the world. Need of National Integration in India National integration is essential for any nation. In a heterogeneous country like India, it acts as a cementing factor. Over the years, Pakistan has been trying to weaken national integration by creating Hindu-Muslim differences and inciting anti-India feeling and insurgency in Kashmir. 

5. CHALLENGES TO NATIONAL INTEGRATION IN INDIA In the ancient times, Indian culture used to easily assimilate other cultures, but now this trait has diminished to a great extent. Casteism   Casteism is a major obstacle in the path of national integration. Great differences are found in inhabitants belonging to different religions and castes in India. Followers of one caste or religion consider themselves superior to those believing in other religions or castes. Communalism   It is a great obstacle in the way of national unity. In our country, there are followers of various religions: Hinduism, Islam, Christianity, etc. 

6. Provincialism   Provincialism is also a major obstacle in the path of India’s national unity. On the one hand, there is an increasing tendencies for creation of new states on the basis of language, on the other hand, each state wants to have a controlling stake at the Centre. Political parties   lt is necessary to have political parties for the creation of public opinion and political consciousness. That’s why after independence, various parties were created in our country. Unfortunately, there are many parties which seek votes on the basis of caste, religion, creed and region ignoring public and national interest. Linguistic differences   In a vast country like India, there is need for a national language which is spoken and understood in all regions. But due to narrow regional considerations, Hindi or any other language is yet to be embraced as means country. Economic disparity   Great social as well as economic diversity is found in our country. Only a handful of people in the country are rich while the majority are poor

7. According to the Emotional Integration Committee Report (1962), the attributes of national emotional integration are as follows A strong feeling of brotherhood and nationhood that sinks and ignores individuals, parochial linguistic and religious differences ii) The common mental bond that binds all people irrespective of their differences towards the aesthetic, spiritual and material progress .iii) Creation of a feeling of oneness and mental outlook towards the welfare of the country above narrow sectarian interests .iv) A harmonious blending of personal emotion in an individual with his social obligation resulting in a well balanced personality .v) A feeling of harmony and the welding of diverse elements of society into a very compact and homogenous unit .vi) A firm conviction on the part of each individual that he is an integral component of the whole social unit for the healthy development of self and community Attributes of National Intergation

8.   Emotional integration basically means unity of thoughts and feelings of all the citizens of a country. Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru has said “By emotional integration, I mean the integration of minds and hearts, the suppression of feelings of separatism.” Emotional integration is an essential condition and basis for national integration because sense of oneness is developed among the people of a country through training of mind and heart Emotional Integration

9. OBSTACLES TO EMOTIONAL INTEGRATION Communalism The greatest menace to the national solidarity of a country is communalism. Communalism is one factor that poses a great danger to our unity. The formation of the State of Pakistan in 1947 led to terrible communal riots. A very large number of people lost their lives and their homes and had to undergo a lot of suffering to resettle. In India today, there are still many Muslims who do not accept India as their country Regionalism The second danger to national integration is provincialism. It springs from the same sentiments which work behind communalism. Regionalism is another obstacle in the way of national integration  Linguistic differences Another expression of the disorganizing influences at work in the country is linguism. With independence came the problem of deciding a national language, because a national language is essential for maintaining the unity of the nation. 

10. Keeping in mind the objective outlined above, the Emotional Integration Committee gave the following suggestions: Reorganization of Syllabi. In order to reorganize and reshape the syllabi of colleges and the universities to accord with the needs of the nations, the Committee made the following suggestions: (1) At the primary stage, stress should be laid upon nationalistic stories, poems, songs, etc. (2) At the secondary stage, in addition to the other subjects being taught, special attention should be given to the study of national literature, social studies, moral and religious guidance and extra-curricular activities. (3) At the university level, the syllabi include the various social sciences, languages, literatures, cultures and arts. Teachers and students should be given facilities to travel to various parts of the country. 2. Encouragement to extra-curricular activities. Besides imparting formal knowledge to the students the teachers must provide them with the opportunity to take part in such extra-curricular activities which are important from the standpoint of emotional integration.  EFFORTS AT INCREASING EMOTIONAL INTEGRATION

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