National health and family welfare programmers

National health and family welfare programmers

1. NATIONAL HEALTH AND FAMILY WELFARE PROGRAMMES

2. NATIONAL CONTROL PROGRAMMES COMMUNICABLE DISEASE   1) NATIONAL VECTOR BORN CONTROLE PROGRAMMES 2 ) REVISED NATIONAL TUBERCULOSIS CONTROLE PROGRAMME 3) NATIONAL AIDS CONTROL PROGRAMME

3. NON COMMUNICABLE DISEASE  1) NATIONAL PROGRAMME FOR CONTROL OF BLINDNESS (NPCB) 2) NATIONAL IODINE DEFICIENCY DISORDER CONTROL PROGRAMME 3) NATIONAL PROGRAMME ON PREVENTION AND CONTROL OF DIABETES, CVD AND STROKE 4) NATIONAL MENTAL HEALTH PROGRAMME

4. NATIONAL ANTI MALARIAL CONTROL PROGRAMMES National Malaria Control Programme in 1953. National malaria eradication programme 1958 Enhanced Malaria Control Project 1997 1999 renaming of programme to national anti-malarial programme.

5. Strategies under NMCP 1. Principal operational activities under the control programme comprised of residual insecticide spray of human dwelling and cattle sheds; 2. Malaria control teams were organized and directed by the state anti-malaria organization to carry out surveys and to monitor the malaria incidence in the control areas; and 3. Anti-malarial drugs were made available for patients reporting to an Institution.

6. ANTI MALARIA MONTH CAMPAIGN Anti-malaria month is observed every year in the month of June throughout the country prior to the onset of monsoon to enhance the level of awareness and encourage community participation through mass media campaign and interpersonal communication

7. NATIONAL FILARIA CONTROLE PROGRAMME (1955) STRATEGY Recurrent anti-larval measures at weekly intervals. Environmental methods including source reduction by filling ditches, pits, low lying areas, deweeding , desilting , etc. Biological control of mosquito breeding through larvivorous fish. Anti-parasitic measures through 'detection' and 'treatment' of microfilaria carriers and disease person with DEC by Filarial Clinics in towns covered under the programme.

8. NATIONAL KALA AZAR CONTROLE PROGRAMME 1990-1991 OBJECTIVE   To reduce the annual incidence of Kala- azar to less than one per 10 000 population at block PHC level by the end of 2015 by: reducing Kala- azar in the vulnerable, poor and unreached populations in endemic areas; reducing case-fatality rates from Kala- azar to negligible level; preventing the emergence of Kala- azar and HIV/TB co-infections in endemic areas.

9. JAPANESE ENCEPHALITIS .First case was reported in 1955 During recent past (1998-2004), 15 states and Union Territories have reported JE incidence . Activities Early diagnosis and proper case management, integrated vector controle , particularly personel protection and use of larvivorus fishes, community participation.

10. CHIKUNGUNYA Epidemics are sustained by the human-mosquito-human transmission cycle. The Aedes mosquitoes that transmit chikungunya breed in a wide variety of manmade containers which are common around human dwellings

11. 2)REVISED NATIONAL TUBERCULOSIS CONTROLE PROGRAMME Initiation of the National TB Programme (NTP) in 1962 Revised national tuberculosis controle programme 1993 Directly Observed Treatment, Short Course (DOTS) strategy was launched in 1993

12. STRATEGIES Achievement of at least 85% cure rate of infectious cases of tuberculosis , through DOTS Augmentation of case findings activities through quality sputum microscopy to detect at least 70% of estimated cases. Strengthening health care centre Adequate supply of anti tuberculosis drugs

13. DOTS strategy This strategy adopted by RNTCP in 1993 had the following components Diagnosis by quality assured sputum smear microscopy Adequate supply of drugs Directly observed treatment Systematic monitoring and accountability

14. STOP TB Strategy In 2006 the WHO announced this strategy and RNTCP adopted this strategy. The main components include Pursue high quality DOTS expansion and enhancement Contribute to health system strengthening Engage all care providers Empowering patients and communities Enabling research

15. 3)NATIONAL AIDS CONTROL PROGRAMME National AIDS control programme was launched in India in the year 1987 3 phases Phase I NACP‐I was launched during the 8th Five Year Plan (1992‐ 1997 ). 1. Strengthening the Programme Management capacity at National and State levels; 2. Surveillance & Clinical Management 3. Ensuring Blood Safety 4. Control of Sexually Transmitted Diseases 5. Public Awareness and Community support

16. National AIDS Control Programme Phase ‐ II (1999 ‐ 2006) National AIDS Control Program Phase III (2007‐2012) Objectives Prevention of new infections in high risk groups and general population Strengthening the infrastructure, systems and human resources in prevention and treatment program at the district, state and national levels. Strengthening a nation‐wide strategic information management system

17. NON COMMUNICABLE DISEASE CONTROLE PROGRAMME 1) NATIONAL PROGRAMME FOR CONTROL OF BLINDNESS (NPCB) 1976 Strategies Continued emphasis on free cataract surgery Emphasis on the comprehensive eye care programmes by covering diseases other than cataract, like diabetic neuropathy, glaucoma etc Reduction in the backlog of blind persons by active screening Screening of children to detect refractive error and provision of free glasses

18. VISION 2020: THE RIGHT TO SIGHT

19. Universal eye health: a global action plan 2014-2019 The global eye health action plan 2014–2019 aims to reduce avoidable visual impairment as a global public health problem and to secure access to rehabilitation services for the visually impaired

20. 2) National Iodine Deficiency Disorder Control Programme

21. 3)National Programme on Prevention and Control of Diabetes, CVD and Stroke Launched in 2010

22. 4) ) NATIONAL MENTAL HEALTH PROGRAMME Objectives To ensure the availability and accessibility of minimum mental healthcare facility To encourage the application of mental health knowledge in general healthcare and in social development; To promote community participation in the mental health service development To enhance human resource in mental health sub-specialties.

23. NATIONAL ERADICATION PROGRAMME   1) NATIONAL LEPROSY ERADICATION PROGRAMME ( 1983) The National Leprosy Control Programme (NLCP) was launched in 1955 National Leprosy Eradication Program was launched in 1983 Strategy 1. Early detection through active surveillance by the trained health workers; 2. Regular treatment of cases by providing Multi-Drug Therapy (MDT ) 3. Intensified health education and public awareness campaigns to remove social stigma attached to the disease; and 4. Appropriate medical rehabilitation and leprosy ulcer care services

24. NATIONAL GUINEAWORM ERADICATION PROGRAMME Government of India launched the National Guinea Worm Eradication Programme (GWEP) in 1983-84

25. NATIONAL PREVENTIVE PROGRAMMES   1) UNIVERSAL IMMUNISATION PROGRAMME Immunization Programme in India was introduced in 1978 as Expanded Programme of Immunization (EPI). Universal Immunization Programme (UIP) 1985 Mission Indradhanush : Launched on 25th December, 2014, this seeks to drive towards 90% full immunization coverage of India and sustain the same by year 2020 Vaccination is being provided against prevent eight vaccine preventable diseases nationally, i.e. Diphtheria, Pertussis, Tetanus, Polio, Measles , Tuberculosis and Hepatitis B and meningitis & pneumonia and against Rotavirus Diarrhea and Japanese Encephalitis

26. NATIONAL PROGRAMME FOR HEALTH CARE OF ELDERLY (NPHCE) It was launched in September 2011

27. NATIONAL PROGRAMME FOR PREVENTION AND CONTROL OF DEAFNESS ( NPPCD)2007 The objectives of the programme are:- 1. To prevent available hearing loss 2. Early identification, diagnosis and treatment of ear problems responsible for hearing loss and deafness. 3. To medically rehabilitate persons of all age groups suffering from deafness . 4. To strengthen the existing inter sectoral linkage for continuously of the rehabilitation programme for persons with deafness.

28. FAMILY WELFARE PROGRAMMES 1) CHILD SURVIVAL AND SAFE MOTHERHOOD PROGRAMME(1992) For Children  New born care at home.  Primary Immunisation by 12 months (100 per cent coverage).  Vitamin A prophylaxis (9 months to 3 years) (100 per cent coverage).  Correct management of pneumonia at home/at health facilities.  ORT at home/health facility; ORS in every village for management of diarrhoea. 

29. For Pregnant Women :  Anaemia prophylaxis and therapy (100 per cent coverage).  Antenatal check-ups, at least 3 check-ups (100 per cent coverage).  Referral of those with high risks and complications.  Care at birth and promotion of clean delivery.  Birth time and spacing.

30. 2) REPRODUCTIVE AND CHILD HEALTH The Programme was formally launched on 15 October 1997 . The RCH Programme incorporated the earlier existing Programmes i.e. National Family Welfare Program and Child Survival & Safe Motherhood Programmes( CSSM) and added two more components one relating to sexually transmitted disease and the other relating to reproductive tract infections. Two phases

31. RCH phase I INTERVENTIONS Essential obstretic care Emergency obstretic care Medical terminations of pregnancy Controle of RTI and STD Immunization Prevention and controle of anemeia Training of dais

32. RCH Phase2 Essential obstetric care • Promotion of institutional deliveries – 50% of the PHCs and CHCs made operational as 24 hours delivery centers . • Skilled attendance at birth • Policy descions to permit Health workers to use drugs in emergency situations to reduce maternal mortality

33. Emergency obstetric care 24 hours delivery services New born care and emergency care of the sick child Full range of family planning services Safe abortion services Treatment of RTI and STI Blood storage facility Essential laboratory services Referral ( transport ) service Strengthening referral system

34. NATIONAL HEALTH MISSION National Health Mission  (NHM) was launched by the government of India in 2013 subsuming the National Rural Health Mission and National Urban Health Mission. It was further extended in March 2018, to continue till March 2020

35. NATIONAL RURAL HEALTH MISSION The National Rural Health Mission (NRHM) was launched by the Hon’ble Prime Minister on 12th April 2005 to provide accessible, affordable and quality health care to the rural population, especially the vulnerable groups

36. NATIONAL URBAN HEALTH MISSION ( NUHM) National Urban Health Mission (NUHM) was approved by the Union Cabinet on 1st May, 2013 for providing equitable and quality primary healthcare services to the urban population with special focus on slum and vulnerable sections of the society.

37. For every 2.5 lakh population U- CHC In patient facility 30-50 bedded For every 50000 population U –PHC Medical office -1 Nurse-3 LHW-1 Pharmacist -1 ANM- 3-5 Support staff -3 For every 10000 population 1 ANM 1000-2500 polulation Community health volunteers

38. MINIMUM NEED PROGRAMME Minimum need programme was introduced in the fifth five year plan. The objective of the programme is to provide certain basic minimum needs and there by improve the living standerdes of the people. The components included are Rural health Rural water supply Rural electrification Elementary education Adult education Nutrition Environmental improvement of slums Houses for landless labourers

39. 20 POINT PROGRAMME The twenty point programme was initially launched by Prime Minister Indira Ghandhi in 1975 and restructured in 1986 and finally in 2006. The basic objectives of the 20 point programme is to eradicate poverty and to improve the quality of life of the poor and the under priviledged populations of the country.

40. The 20 points are Poverty eradication Power to people Support to farmers Labour welfare Food security Clean drinking water Housing for all Health for all Education for all

41. Welfare of SC/ST/OBC and minorities Women welfare Child welfare Youth development Improvement of slums Environmental protection and afforastation Social security Rural roads Energising of rural areas Development of backward areas IT enabled and e-governance

42. Journal abstract Characteristics and utilization of ante natal care services amongst women of rural Punjab, India a community based study Background; india has high meternal and infant mortality. The meternal mortality ratio in india wa 167 per 100000 live births and infant mortality rate was 40 per 1000 live births. The objective of the present study is to assess the characteristics and utilization of antenatal care services in rural areas of Punjab , India Method ; a total of 820 women were interviewd in a community based analytical cross sectional study from 20 villages of Amritsar, Punjab by standerd cluster sampling. Result; about 93% respondents had received at least one ANC during last birth. Almost 92% of women received inj. TT. And 56% received iorn folic acid tablets as ANC services. But only 49% conducted more than 3 ANC visits.  

43. BIBLIOGRAPGHY Park k. park’s textbook of preventive and social medicine. 24 th edition. Jabalpur:banarsiad bhanot publications. 2017 Basavanthappa BT. Community health nursing. Second edition.newdelhi ; JAYPEE publications.2014 Clement I. basic concepts of community health nursing. Second edition. Delhi; jaypee publications. 2015 Swarankar . Community health nursing. Third edition. Bangalur ; NR brothers publications. 2015  

44. ONLINE REFERENCE https://scholar.google.co.in/scholar?start=30&q=schizoaffective+disorders&hl=en&as_sdt=0,5&as_ylo=2018 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0165178117319388 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov  › NCBI  › Literature https://twitter.com/PubMedHealth