National parks,Wildlife sanctuaries and Biosphere reaserves in Kerala

protected wild areas in kerala

1. NATIONAL PARKS WILDLIFE SANCTUARIES BIOSPHERE RESERVES IN KERALA ABDUL MUHAIMIN K Dept.of Geography Ideal college,Cherpulassery

2. NATIONAL PARKS IN KERALA

3. 1)ERAVIKULAM NATIONAL PARK Eravikulam National Park is a 97 km ² national park located along the Western Ghats in the Idukki district of Kerala in India Eravikulam national park declared as a national park in 1978. Nilgiri Tahr is the chief attraction of park 26 species of mammals have been recorded in the park Three major types of plant communities are found in the Park – grasslands, shrublands and forests. Anamudi ,the highest peak in south India located with in the park

4. 2)SILENT VALLEY NATIONAL PARK Area - 9 km ² Elevation - ranges from 900 mtr - 2,300 mtr Silent valley declared as a national park in 1984. Flora - of the valley include about a 1000 species of flowering plants, 107 species of orchids, 100 ferns and fern allies, 200 liverworts, 75 lichens and about 200 algae. Animals -34 species of mammals, 292 species of birds, 31 species of reptiles, 22 species of amphibians, 13 species of fishes, 500 species of butterflies and moths

5. 3) MATHIKETTAN SHOLA NATIONAL PARK Area - 12 km ² declared as a National Park in the year of 2003 The park is home to beautiful and rare animals like Tigers, Panthers, Elephants, Giant grizzled squirrel, Flying squirrels, Spotted deer and Nilgiri tahr. There are various types of medicinal plants The Park represents well protected remaining patch of shola grassland ecosystem

6. 4) ANAMUDI SHOLA NATIONAL PARK Area - 7.5 km² declared as a protected area in Nov 21, 2003. The Park is located at the Elevation ranges from 2,152 meters. Vegetation - 62 Species of trees, 174 species of herbs and shrubs, and 39 species of climbers Animals - 100 species of butterflies and 232 species of moths belonging to 36 different families are recorded from here. 76 species of birds are also recorded from here. Tiger, Elephant, Gaur, Leopard, Sambar deer, Wild boar, Nilgiri langur and Giant squirrel are the common mammals seen here.

7. 5) PAMPADUM SHOLA NATIONAL PARK Area - 11 km ² Elevation - 1600 to 2400 mtr Climate - misty and cloudy climate throughout the year Vegetation - 22 Species of trees, 74 species of herbs and shrubs, 16 species of climbers. Animals - 14 species of birds, 9 species of mammals, 100 species of butterflies and 93 species

8. WILD LIFE SANCTUARY IN KERALA

9. A wildlife sanctuary is a naturally occurring sanctuary , that provides protection for species from hunting, predation, competition or poaching; it is a protected area, a geographic territory within which wildlife is protected

10. 1) PERIYAR WILD LIFE SANCTUARY Periyar Wildlife Sanctuary also called as “Thekkady Wildlife Sanctuary” Spread over an area of 675 sq km Named after the Periyar Lake, which is located within the sanctuary this wildlife reservoir is home to 1800 flowering plants, 171 grass species, 143 species of orchids, 35 species of mammals and 265 species of birds.

11. 2) PARAMBIKULAM WILD LIFE SANCTUARY Parambikulam Wildlife Sanctuary which is present day under attention of UNESCO for announced as a World Heritage Site is located in the Palakkad district Animals - 39 species of mammals, 16 species of amphibians, 268 varieties of birds, 61 species of reptiles, 124 types of butterflies Vegetation – 285 Area - 285 km ² Established - 1973

12. 3) IDUKKI WILD LIFE SANCTUARY The Idukki Wildlife Sanctuary is situated between two rivers Cheruthoni and Periyar. This is one of the most beautiful wildlife sanctuaries in Kerala . Area - 77 sq kilometer Altitude - 450to 1272 Forest Types: Forest types include West Coast Tropical Evergreen forests, Semi Evergreen forests , Moist Deciduous Forests, Hill shoals and Grass Lands.

13. 4)CHINNAR WILDLIFE SANCTUARY Area - 90 sq km Chinnar is distinct from other sanctuaries due to its thorny scrub forest. Chinnar wild life sanctuary located in the rain shadow region of the Western Ghats Year of formation – 1984 Animals - 34 species of mammals, 245 sp. of birds, 36 species of reptiles

14. 5)WAYANAD WILDLIFE SANCTUARY Area - 345 km sq Established - 1973 This sanctuary is an integral part of the Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve Forest Types - The forest types include South Indian Moist Deciduous forests, West coast semi-evergreen forests and plantations of teak, eucalyptus

15. 6) NEYYAR WILDLIFE SANCTUARY Neyyar Wildlife Sanctuary spreads across 128 sq km It is situated near the Agasthyakoodam hill Year of formation: 1958 Animals - There are 39 species of mammals, 176 species of birds, 30 species of reptiles.

16. 7)PEPPARA WILDLIFE SANCTUARY Area - 53 sq km 50 km in Thiruvananthapuram Established - 1983

17. 8) ARALAM WILDLIFE SANCTUARY Area: 55 sq. Km Declared a Sanctury during 1984 District - kannur

18. 9) Mangalavanam Bird Sanctuary Area - 3 hectors District - Eranakulam Manalavanam is the home of large nimber of migratory birds

19. 10) THATTEKKADU BIRS SANCTUARY Area - 25.16 sq.km Year of formation - 1983 District - Eranakulam

20. 11)CHIMMONY WILDLIFE SANCTUARY Area - 85.07 km² Established - 1984 District - Thrissur

21. 12) PEECHI -VAZHANI WILDLIFE SANCTUARY Area - 125 sq. Km Year of formation – 1958 There are 39 species of mammals, 176 sp. of birds, 30 species of reptiles

22. 13)SHENDURNEY WILDLIFE SANCTUARY Area: 171 sq. Km Year of formation: 1984

23. 14) MALABAR WILDLIFE SANCTUARY spread across 74 square kilometres aim of protecting the rich biodiversity of the Malabar region.

24. 15)KURINJIMALA SANCTUARY Spread over 32 sq km The sanctuary gets its name from the word Kurinjimala which means a mountain where Kurinji blooms. Neelakurinji occurs at an altitude of 1300 to 2400 metres. Besides the Kurinji shrubs, the sanctuary is home to endangered animals like the tiger and Nilgiri Tahr. Among the more abundant species are the Nilgiri wood-pigeon, Grizzled giant squirrel, Asiatic elephant, Gaur and Sambar Deer. The forest region was declared a sanctuary on October 7, 2006

25. BIOSPHERE RESERVES

26. Click to add Title A Biosphere Reserve is voluntary, co-operative, conservation area created to protect the biological and cultural diversity of a region while promoting sustainable economic developmen.Biosphere reserve are protect larger areas of natural habitat (than a National Park or Animal Sanctuary), and often include one or more National Parks and sanctuaries. The concept of Biosphere Reserves was introduced and established under UNESCO on Man and Biosphere Programme (MAB) during 1971

27. 1)NILGIRI BIOSPHERE RESERVE Area - 5520 sq km ( 1450 in kerala) Fauna includes over 100 species of mammals, 350 species of birds, 80 species of reptiles, about 39 species of fish, 31 amphibians and 316 species of butterflies. About 3,300 species of flowering plants can be seen here, 175 species of orchids found here Established in 1986 The Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve falls under the biogeographic region of the Malabar rain forest Spread over Kerala , Tamilnadu ,Karnataka

28. In kerala this biosphere includes Silent valley National Park Nilambur South (New Amarambalam, Karimpuzha) Mannarkkad (Attappady) Palakkad (Siruvani Reserved Forests) Nilambur North, (Chakkikuzhy, Kozhipara, Punchakolly, Ex.Karulai Range (Nilambur Kovilakom) Wayanad Wildlife Sanctuary Kozhikode (kuttyadi, Thamarassery, Vested Forests) Wayanad South (Kalpetta)

29. 2)AGASTHYAMALA BIOSPHERE RESERVE Area - 3,500.36 km2 (1828 in kerala) Established - 2001 Spread over kerala ,Tamil nadu Flora: It mostly consists of tropical forests and is home to 2,254 species of higher plants including about 400 are red listed This include peppara , neyyar ,konni,thenmala,Shendurney wildlife sanctuaries and Achencoil

30. ABDUL MUHAIMIN K