National Policy on Disaster management 2009.pptx

Disaster Management act

1. AN OVERVIEW 1 Facts we all need to know by Pooja Chaurasia [email protected] National Policy on Disaster management 2005

2. The Disaster Management Act, 2005 • The Disaster Management Act of 2005 (DMA 2005) is an act passed by the government of India for the ‘efficient management of disasters and other matters connected to it. It came into the news with the onset of COVID-19 and pan-India lockdown that followed. The lockdown was imposed under the Disaster Management Act 2005. • Containing 11 chapters and 79 sections, the act received the assent of the President of India on 23 December 2005.

3. LEGAL MANDATE-THE DISASTER MANAGEMENT ACT, 2009 • The Disaster Management Act, 2005 was enacted on 22nd October,2005. • The Disaster Management Act, 2005 consists arrangement of power, preventation , risk and finance for Disaster Management. • The policy has 13 Chapter (social security and social insurance) as under. • This will have the advantage that it will permit the States also to have their own legislation on disaster management

4. “Disaster” means a catastrophe, mishap, calamity or grave occurrence in any area, arising from natural or man made causes, or by accident or negligence which results in substantial loss of life or human suffering or damage to, and destruction of, property, or damage to, or degradation of, environment, and is of such a nature or magnitude as to be beyond the coping capacity of the community of the affected area;

5. Approach and Objectives Approach Community based DM, Capacity development in all spheres. Consolidation of past initiatives and best practices. Cooperation with agencies at National and International levels. The objectives of the National Policy on Disaster Management are: Promoting a culture of prevention, preparedness and resilience at all levels through knowledge, innovation and education.

6. Features of the Disaster Management Act 2005 Features of the Disaster Management Act 2005 National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA) National Executive Committee State Disaster Management Authority District Disaster Management Authority Local authorities. National Disaster Response Force (NDRF)

7. National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA) The National Disaster Management Authority is headed by the Prime Minister of India as the chairperson and will have no more than nine members including a Vice-Chairperson. All the members will have a tenure of five years. The main responsibility of the NDMA is to lay down the policies, plans and guidelines for disaster management to ensure an effective response in the event of any disaster.

8. National Executive Committee The DMA empowers the Central Government to create a National Executive Committee (NEC) to assist the National Disaster Management Authority. • The NEC consists of Secretary level officers of the government in the home, health, power, finance and agricultural ministries. • The NEC is responsible for the preparation of the National Disaster Management Plan for the whole country and to ensure that it is “reviewed and updated annually”.

9. State Disaster Management Authority The State Disaster Management Authority (SDMA) is responsible for drawing the disaster plan for its respective state. It consists of the Chief Minister who is the chairperson and 8 members appointed by the Chief Minister. The SDMA is mandated under section 28 to ensure that all the departments of the State prepare disaster management plans as prescribed by the National and State Authorities. The state authority may constitute and advisory committee of experts. The state authority will be assisted by the State Executive Committee

10. District Disaster management Authority (DDMA) The state government shall establish a District Disaster management Authority (DDMA) in each district • The Chairperson of District Disaster Management Authority (DDMA) will be the Collector or District Magistrate or Deputy Commissioner of the district. • The district authority shall act as the district planning, coordinating and implementing body for disaster management

11. Local authorities Local authorities shall ensure training of its officer and employees and maintenance of resources so as to be readily available for use in the event of a disaster • It shall also ensure that all construction projects under it conform to the standards and specifications laid down • It shall carry out relief rehabilitation and reconstruction activities in the affected area within its jurisdiction

12. National Disaster Response Force The National Disaster Response Force is tasked with responding to a threatening disaster or a situation similar to it. The NDRF is led by a Director-General appointed by the Central Government. • The NDRF has played a major role in rescuing people from many disaster-related events in the past such as the Kashmir floods of 2014 and the Kerala floods of 2018

13. Institutional and Legal Arrangements The Act provides for establishment of NDMA Pending enactment of the law NDMA was established by an executive Order on 30-5-2009; headed by Prime Minister. Vice-chairperson and Members notified on 28-9-2009. NDMA presently working on development of policies, guidelines and plans . NDMA is assisted by National Executive Committee National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA)

14. Functions of NDMA Lay down policies on Disaster Management Approve the National plan. Lay down guidelines to be followed by State Authorities in drawing up state plans. Coordinate enforcement and implementation of policies and plans. Lay down broad policies and guidelines for NIDM. Recommend guidelines for minimum standards of relief. Recommend relief in the payment of loans or for grant of fresh loans in case of disasters of severe magnitude.

15. State Disaster Management Authority (SDMA) Each State/UT to constitute SDMA headed by Chief Minister/Lt Governor, as the case may be. District Disaster Management Authority (DDMA) . States to establish DDMA for every district headed by District Magistrate.

16. Financial Arrangements Present  funding mechanism for disaster relief (CRF/NCCF) to continue. • Act provides for constitution of Disaster Response Fund and Disaster Mitigation Fund at National, State and District level. • Each Department of Central and State Governments to make provision in annual budgets for implementation of District Plan. • Provides penalties for obstruction, false claims, misappropriation, false warnings etc.

17. Disaster Prevention,  Mitigation and Preparedness Mitigation & Capacity Building – Detailed evaluation & retrofitting of lifeline buildings. Construction of multi purpose cyclone shelters . Capacity building of all stakeholders. Preparedness and Response – Development of fully trained and equipped specialist response teams. Strengthening of civil defense set up to supplement local response and relief efforts . Development of Standard Operating Procedures by all relevant Ministries/Departments at Central, State and District level.

18. Techno-Legal Regime • Land Use Planning • Safe Construction Practices 7. Response • Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) :SOPs will be prescribed for activities like search and rescue, medical assistance and casualty management, evacuation, restoration of essential services and communication at disaster sites. • Levels of Disasters : Response are depends on levels of disasters. • Information and Media Partnership

19. Relief & Rehabilitation •   State Governments to establish pre-contract arrangements for immediate mobilization of resources. • Central Government will also facilitate mobilization of resources when requested by State Governments.

20. Knowledge Management Awareness Generation - • People living in areas that are vulnerable to hazards will be sensitized to the hazards which they face as well as methodologies for mitigating the risk. Wide dissemination of safe construction practices and dos’ and don’ts for various hazards will be undertaken through mass media, information, education and communication materials. Public education on disaster risk management will be made an integral part of the school and university curricula. 

21. Role of Government   State Govt.:- In the context of federal set-up of India, the responsibility to formulate the Governments response to a natural calamity is essentially that of the concerned State Government. Most of the States have Relief Commissioners under the Department of Disaster Management, who are in charge of the relief measures in the wake of natural disasters. At the state level, the State Relief Commissioner supervises and controls relief operations through Collectors or Deputy Commissioners, who are the main functionaries to coordinate the relief operation at district level. 

22. District Govt.:-   A District is sub-divided into sub-divisions and Tehsils or Talukas . The head of a sub-division is called the Sub-Divisional Officer while the head of a Tehsil is generally known as the Tehsildar . Contact with the individual villages is through the village Officer or Patwari who has one or more villages in his charge. The entire hierarchy right from the Central Government to the District level is connected by means of a telecommunication system.

23. National Govt.:- The National in the Ministry of Home Affairs functions 24×7 to monitor the disaster or disaster like situation. During the south west monsoon, daily situation reports are prepared based on the feedback received from the affected States and concerned Central Ministries and organizations, and are sent to all concerned. During the calamities of severe nature, special situation reports are also prepared and issued to all concerned. It also developed a branch called National Disaster Response Force (NDRF). The main task of NDRF is to provide specialist response in case of disasters

24. Role of Non-Government For large relief agencies & NGOs, the main response is to provide material relief & rescue operation during times of disaster including medical relief. This is followed by a longer period of reconstruction activities of the physical infrastructure like roads, houses, community buildings, drinking water facilities etc. & continuation of medical aid. For small & localized NGOs, initial response is in the form of rescue & material relief. Most of larger India agencies stay back in disaster prone areas for disaster mitigation, long-term development of the people of area & especially for disaster preparedness before next disaster strikes. Local NGOs, who also participate in relief & reconstruction activities during times of disaster, revert back to their usual pre- disaster activities after initial phase.

25. Conclusion Aim to  minimize the losses to lives, livelihoods and property, caused by natural or manmade disasters with a vision to build a safe & Disaster resilient India. • With this national Policy in place in India, a holistic and integrated approach will be evolved towards disaster management with emphasis on building strategic partnerships at various levels. References • National Policy on Disaster Management 2005, Published by Ministry of home affairs, Government of India, 2005.