National symbols

1. Presented By; Brija Kumari S 108 Geographical Features and National Symbols

2. Geographical Features Highland Coast Wetland Natural Resources National Symbols National Anthem National Bird National Song National Animal National Fruit etc. Content

3. The Republic of India  has several official national symbols including a historic document, a flag, an emblem, an anthem etc.

4. OUR NATIONAL ANTHEM The song "Jana- gana - mana ", composed by Rabindranath Tagore , A dopted by the Constituent Assembly as the national anthem of India on 24 January 1950. It was first sung on 27 December 1911 at the Calcutta Session of the Indian National Congress. The complete song consists of five stanzas.

5. NATIONAL SONG OF INDIA The song Vande Mataram, composed in Sanskrit by Bankimchandra Chatterji It has an equal status with Jana- gana - mana . The first political occasion when it was sung the 1896.

6. National Flag Our national flag is the symbol of freedom and sovereignty. Before independence, our national flag had spinning wheel in centre. After independence instead of spinning wheel, ashoka charka was replaced. The charka had 24 spokes. It stands for peace and love

7. Our national flag is rectangular in shape . It has 3 horizontal columns At top it is saffron Middle it is white Bottom it is green. Saffron stands for spirit and sacrifice. White for peace and truth. Green stands for growth, and in centre ashoka charka stands for peace and love.

8. National Emblem The emblem of India is Sarnath lion. It was adapted as national emblem on 26 th January 1950 when India become republic. It has four lions standing back to back, an elephant, a horse, a bull and a lion. These animals are separated invert wheels (chakras). “Satya Meva Jayate” is written below the animals.

9. National Bird PEACOCK is our National Bird. Peacock is a large and majestic bird. It has got a long and beautiful tail . The significance of peacock is attached to cultures of India. In Hinduism, the image of the god of thunder, rains and war. Indra, was depicted in the form of a peacock . In south India, peacock is considered as a ' vahana ' or vehicle of lord Muruga . In Christianity, the peacock is also known as the symbol of the 'Resurrection'.

10. Lotus is our national flower of India. It is also a symbol of triumple. Lotus symbolises the purity of the mind and heart. It even symbolises divinity, fertility, wealth, knowledge and not to forget enlightenment. National Flower

11. NATIONAL FRUIT Mango is the national fruit of India. There are over 100 varieties of mangoes in India Mangoes are savored for their sweet juice and bright colors. In India people eat mangoes, make chutneys and even prepare curry. Mangoes are rich in vitamin A, C and D. Akbar planted 100,000 mango trees in Darbhanga, known as Lakhibagh.

12. National Sweet of India Jale bi is the national sweet of India. They are from North India. They are best to eat when they are fresh. It can be served when it is warm or cold. Rajasthani jalebis are slightly thicker and fried to a brown colour. Gujarati jalebis are yellow in colour.

13. Tiger is our national animal. It’s total may be up to 4 meters [13ft] and weight up to 300 kg . It is the family member of cats and is also known as ‘big cat’. Its body pattern is black vertical strips They are carnivores animals. There are many kinds of tigers like white tiger, golden tabby tigers…etc. It will always be close to water and plenty of prey. It is the vehicle of lord Durga. National Animal

14. National Tree The National Tree of India is The Banyan Tree. It sends off new shoots from its roots, so that one tree is really a tangle of branches, roots, and trunks. The banyan tree regenerates and lives for an incredible length of time. Its size and leafy shelter are valued in India as a place of rest and reflection, not to mention protection from the hot sun. It is still the focal point and gathering place for local councils and meetings.

15. National Currency Rupee is the official currency of India. Designed by D. Udaya Kumar. It was presented to the public by the Government of India on 15 July 2010. If the text was in an Indian language. The sign is a combination of the Devanagari letter "र" ( ra ) and the Latin capital letter "R" without its vertical bar. The parallel lines at the top. It also depict an equality sign.

16.   Ganga   It is a trans-boundary river of India and Bangladesh. It is the second largest river in the World by discharge. The Ganges basin is the most heavily populated river basin in the world National River

17. The Ganges is the most sacred river to Hindus . It is worshipped as the goddess  Ganga in Hinduism. The Ganges was ranked among the five most polluted rivers of the world in 2007 .

18. Dolphins is a our nation aquatic animal Dolphins are marine mammals closely related to  whales and porpoises. There are almost forty species of dolphin in 17 genera. They are carnivores. National Aquatic Animal

19. Highland

20. The Eastern Coastal Plain is a wide stretch of land lying between the Eastern Ghats and the Bay of Bengal. It stretches from Tamil Nadu in the south to West Bengal in the east. The Mahanadi, Godavari, Kaveri, and Krishna rivers drain these plains. The temperature in the coastal regions often exceeds 30 °C . Annual rainfall in this region averages between 1,000 and 3,000 mm Coasts

21. India's wetland ecosystem is widely distributed from the cold and arid located in the Ladakh region of Jammu and Kashmir . Most of the wetlands are directly or indirectly linked to river networks. The Indian government has identified a total of 71 wetlands. Prominent mangrove covers are located in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. Parts of Maharashtra, Karnataka and Kerala also have large mangrove covers Wetlands

22. Coal ,Iron , Manganese, Mica, Bauxite, Titanium , Chromite, Natural gas, Diamonds, Petroleum, Limestone, Arable land..   Groundwater supplies 40% of water in India's irrigation canals. Black soils are moisture-retentive and are preferred for dry farming and growing cotton, linseed, etc. Forest soils are used for tea and coffee plantations. Red soil have a wide diffusion of iron content Natural resources

23. Iron Mica Bouxite

24. Titanium Diamond Aable land Petroleum

25. India is the fifth-largest producer of bauxite and crude steel. Seventh-largest of manganese ore. Eighth-largest of aluminium . India has significant sources of titanium ore, diamonds and limestone. Gold fields in India is ,Kolar Gold Fields in Karnataka. India is the third-largest coal producer in the world. India ranks fourth in the production of iron ore.