Natural family planning

family planning by s3(s-vyasa)

2. Definition
A way of thinking and living that is adopted
voluntarily, upon the basis of the knowledge,
attitude , and responsible decisions by the individual
and couples , in order to promote the health and
welfare of the family group and thus contribute
effectively to the social development of a country

3. Family planning refers to that practices that help
individuals or couples to attain certain objectives:
To avoid unwanted births
To bring about wanted births
To regulate the intervals between pregnancies
To control the time at which birth occurs in relation
to the ages of the parents
To determine the number of the children in the
family

4. Aim of the family planning
Healthy baby and healthy mother during the
pregnancy and even after the delivery

6. Contraceptives methods
Preventive methods to help woman to avoid
unwanted pregnancies

7. Types
Spacing /temporary
Permanent/ terminal
1.Barrier methods
1.Physical methods
2.Chemical methods
3.Combined methods
2.Intra – uterine
devices
3.Hormonal methods
4.Post conceptional
methods
5.Miscellaneous/
natural methods
Male sterilization
Female sterilization

8. Without identifying physiological changes
Identifying physiological changes

9. Without identifying physiological changes

Abstinence
Coitus interruptus
Safe period method (rhythm method)

10. Identifying the physiological
changes
Basal body temperature method
Cervical mucus method
Symptothermic method

11. Abstinence
Complete abstinence hard to practice
If controlled for long time temperamental changes
and nervous breakdown

12. Coitus interruptus
During sex the man withdraws his penis from the
vagina before he ejaculates (cums).

13. Effectiveness?
Depends upon the timing of withdrawing of penis
High rate of failure > 25%
Even the precoital secretion may contain sperms

14. Advantages
Natural method that does not require devices or
medicine in the body.
There are no known side effects.
No cost.
Is morally and culturally acceptable.
Better than not using any birth control method.

15. Disadvantages
 a high rate of failure
Sex may not be as pleasurable
Not recommended if it is dangerous for the
woman to become pregnant.
No protection against sexually transmitted
infections.

16. Safe period
Even called as calendar method/ rhythm method

17. Basis of safe period
Ovulation occurs 12 to 16 days prior to onset of
menstruation

18. Calculation of conception days
Shortest cycle- 18 days 1
st
day of fertile period
Longest cycle – 10 days last day of fertile period

19. If calculation not possible
Avoid intercourse 8
th
to 22
nd
day counting
from the first day of bleeding

20. Disadvantage
If Cycle is not regular difficult to predict the safe
period
Educated and highly motivated co-operative and
responsible couple
Half a month abstinence from intercourse
Not applicable during the postnatal period
Failure rate: 9 per 100

21. Medical complications
Ectopic pregnancy
Embryonic abnormalities

22. Identifying physiological
changes

23. Basal body temperature
method(BBT)
It depends upon the identification of the rise of the BBT at
The time of the ovulation as a result of the increase in
the production of the progesterone

24. Principle
Same as safe period
Woman recognizes some physiological changes
relating to the ovulation and avoiding sex during that
time

25. Rise of temperature
On ovulation day BBT rises progesterone
Increase of 0.3 to 0.5 degree C
No ovulation no rise in temperature

Time to measure: before getting out of the bed in the
morning

26. Reliable :
3 days after the increase in body temperature till the
beginning of bleeding
Drawback:
Complete Abstinence of intercourse in pre-ovulatory
phase

27. Cervical mucus method
Even called ovulatory method
Principle : based on the observation of changes in the
characteristics of cervical mucus

28. At the time of ovulation
watery clear resembling raw egg white
smooth slippery and profuse cervical mucus

 After ovulation:
Mucus thickens and lessens

29. Methods to assess:
wiping the inner part of vagina
Lady should able to distinguish the different type of
mucus

31. In the early non-
fertile phase of a
woman’s cycle, the
passageway from the
vagina to the uterus
is closed by thick
mucus. Sperm are
unable to pass
through the cervix.

32. In the fertile phase, the
passageway from the
vagina to the uterus is
open. A slippery-type
mucus assists the
movement of sperm
through the cervix and
nourishes the sperm.
The cervix is
completely open
during the
preparation stage
of the fertile
phase

33. After the fertile phase
ends, the cervix is
again closed off by a
thick-mucus plug,
blocking the cervical
canal. Sperm are
unable to pass through
the cervix. This late
infertile phase is
followed by the
menstrual phase.
It takes three days
for the cervix to close
completely
Once the oocyte
is released, the
cervix begins to
close.

34. Role of Cervical Mucus
Nourish sperm, that is, keep it alive. Sperm can live
up to 3-5 days in this environment. When there is no
mucus, the sperm will die quickly; for they can live up
to an hour without mucus.
Eliminate weaker sperm or damaged sperm. Only the
best quality sperm will reach the oocyte.

35. Role of Cervical Mucus
•Provide transportation so they can move
towards the fallopian tubes.
•Finally, to let the woman know when her
fertile time starts and ends.

36. Symptothermic method
Combination of BBT methods, cervical mucus
methods, and calendar techniques